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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCC 2025-04-08_11b General Plan UpdateItem 11.b. MEMORANDUM TO: City Council FROM: Brian Pedrotti, Director of Community Development BY: Andrew Perez, Planning Manager SUBJECT: Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update DATE: April 8, 2025 RECOMMENDATION: 1) Adopt a preferred land use scenario for the General Plan Update, or a hybrid thereof; and 2) Find that the adoption of a land use scenario is not a project subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) because adoption has no potential to result in either a direct, or reasonably foreseeable indirect, physical change in the environment. (State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15060 (c)(2) and (3), 15378.). IMPACT ON FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL RESOURCES: The financial and personnel impacts associated with the recommendation of a preferred land use scenario are included in the budget for the comprehensive General Plan Update. BACKGROUND: Adopting a preferred land use scenario for the General Plan Update represents the conclusion of the project’s fifth phase. The previous phase resulted in the selection of a vision statement1 and guiding principles for the project. The preferred land use scenario, along with community input and the City’s Vision Statement and Guiding Principles (prepared during Phase 4), will then guide the rest of the General Plan Update, including policy and program development and environmental analysis. At this critical phase of the project, there were extensive outreach efforts to obtain community input. An online mapping exercise was made available in October and November 2024. Respondents were asked to identify areas, or specific sites, within the City where land use changes are appropriate and areas where growth should, or should not, occur. Specifically, the mapping exercise asked the community to identify their 1 https://planarroyogrande.com/images/AGGPU_V- GP_V1_ENGLISH%20AND%20SPANISH_2024%2008%2016%20MG.pdf Page 177 of 220 Item 11.b. City Council Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update April 8, 2025 Page 2 preferred land use for three focus areas that were identified through previous public outreach efforts. Those three focus areas are the E. Grand Avenue corridor, the North Fair Oaks agricultural parcels, and the Fredrick’s property. Changes could include increases in residential density, changes in land uses (residential, commercial, institutional, etc.), or development intensity. Postcards were mailed to every postal customer in the city to publicize and encourage participation in the survey. Community members who signed up to receive notifications (approximately 320) about the project were also sent an email about the survey. Additionally, staff was present at the Soto Sports Complex on Saturday, November 9, 2024, during the AYSO Tournament to educate residents about the survey and project in general. Finally, the City’s social media accounts also posted about the survey. Feedback from these outreach efforts directly informed the development of four land use scenarios for consideration by the community, Planning Commission, and City Council:  Scenario 1: Existing General Plan  Scenario 2: Infill Focus  Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus; and  Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach. ANALYSIS OF ISSUES: The City Council is being asked to adopt a preferred land use scenario based on the scenarios described in this staff report and the Land Use Scenarios Memorandum2 (Attachment 1), public comment, and the Planning Commission’s recommendation. The preferred land use scenario may be one of the four scenarios presented or a hybrid scenario that pulls select features from the various land use scenarios. The preferred land use scenario can be thought of as the City’s preferred land use and growth strategy for the duration of the General Plan. It will be used to establish a new land use map and assign a land use designation for every parcel within city boundarie s. This designation identifies the type, intensity, and general distribution of uses of land for housing, business, industry, open space, education, public facilities, and other categories of public and private uses. The map becomes the general framework and road map to allow the drafting of the various policy elements of the General Plan. Land Use Scenarios The primary distinctions between these scenarios, which can also be thought of as growth strategies, are the proposed densities across residential land use designations, the locations of future developments, and differences in mixed-use and commercial land use designations. The statistics included with each scenario indicate the growth potential if the City were developed to its maximum under those densities. 2 https://planarroyogrande.com/images/AGGPU_Scenarios%20Analysis%20Memo_Clean_2025%2002%2 004.pdf Page 178 of 220 Item 11.b. City Council Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update April 8, 2025 Page 3 Scenario 1 serves as the baseline scenario, maintaining the status quo with no changes to the existing General Plan land uses, city limits, or sphere of influence. No modifications to current land use designations would be updated except to comply with changes in State law, such as to meet Regional Housing Needs Assessment numbers, remove housing constraints, or other updates consistent with the current Housing Element. It reflects how the city would evolve over the next 20-30 years without significant adjustments to accommodate growth or emerging trends. Outcomes at Full Buildout:  Population: 23,650 residents  Jobs: 15,407  Single-Family Units: 9,052  Multi-Family Units: 3,103 Scenario 2 emphasizes densification within the existing city boundaries, focusing on infill development of vacant and underutilized land to increase housing and population capacity while preserving agricultural and open space lands with no changes to their current designations. No city expansion or annexation is proposed under this scenario. To accommodate additional housing units, this scenario proposes to increase maximum densities for residential and mixed-use designations (e.g., from 25 du/ac to 30 du/ac for Mixed Use), and introduces a new Corridor Mixed Use designation that would allow even greater residential densities. This scenario offers the highest population and housing growth, with modest job creation, and avoids land consumption by focusing on infill development. Outcomes at Full Buildout:  Population: 34,325 residents (+10,675 from Scenario 1)  Jobs: 18,507 (+3,100 from Scenario 1)  Single-Family Units: 11,167 (+2,114 from Scenario 1)  Multi-Family Units: 6,787 (+3,684 from Scenario 1) Scenario 3 would permit the conversion of existing agricultural land within city limits to residential uses and complementary amenities (e.g., parks, open space) to accommodate anticipated growth. rather than increasing densities allowed in most other land use designations. Development within the existing agriculturally zoned areas would require a specific plan to guide development within the North Fair Oaks and Frederick’s focus areas. This scenario also introduces a new Corridor Mixed Use designation (30 du/ac, 2.0 FAR) for higher-density infill throughout the E. Grand Avenue corridor. Outcomes at Full Buildout:  Population: 26,801 residents (+3,151 from Scenario 1)  Jobs: 15,780 (+373 from Scenario 1)  Single-Family Units: 9,798 (+746 from Scenario 1)  Multi-Family Units: 4,124 (+1,020 from Scenario 1) Page 179 of 220 Item 11.b. City Council Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update April 8, 2025 Page 4 Scenario 4 prioritizes economic growth by expanding commercial and employment- generating land uses within existing boundaries, primarily through the conversion of agricultural land via Specific Plans. Similar to Scenario 3, specific plans would be required to guide development of existing agricultural lands; however, in this scenario the land uses would emphasize commercial and mixed -use development. Increased density for commercial development and residential development in mixed-use zones would also be included in this scenario. Outcomes at Full Buildout:  Population: 31,607 residents (+7,957 from Scenario 1)  Jobs: 28,199 (+12,792 from Scenario 1)  Single-Family Units: 10,770 (+1,718 from Scenario 1)  Multi-Family Units: 5,562 (+2,458 from Scenario 1) These scenarios provide a spectrum of options for the City to balance growth, accommodate housing and economic development needs, and land preservation. The focus areas and land use scenarios are described in greater detail in the Land Use Scenarios Memorandum. Public Outreach and Preferences After the four land use scenarios were developed, the project team sought public input on its preferences. The scenarios were introduced at the community workshop held on February 5, 2025. The objective of the workshop was to introduce various land use scenarios, along with their anticipated impacts on jobs, housing, and the built environment. At the workshop, attendees were asked to select their preferred land use scenario. Those who supported Scenarios 3 and 4 were asked to identify their preferred combination and location of land uses within the associated focus areas. After the workshop, an online survey was released to solicit feedback on each of the scenarios for community members who were unable to attend. The community’s preferred scenario is essentially a hybrid of Scenarios 1, 2, and 3. Intensification of the development along the East Grand Corridor was preferred by the largest proportion of respondents (39%) because this scenario would increase both housing and commercial development without creating sprawl or requiring development of existing agricultural areas. The other three scenarios received less support (between 18-23%), with similar amounts of support to each other from respondents. Scenario 1 received a majority of the support from respondents (54%) with regards to the North Fair Oaks focus area. Supporters emphasized the importance of preserving prime farmland for future generations, food production, and environmental sustainability. Commenters also highlight Arroyo Grande’s agricultural heritage and the value of maintaining its rural character, scenic beauty, and historical ties to farming. It should be noted that the property owner of the North Fair Oaks focus area has indicated that they are not looking to continue the history of farming on the property. Scenario 3, which Page 180 of 220 Item 11.b. City Council Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update April 8, 2025 Page 5 proposes residential development, received the second most support because of the opportunity to provide a range of housing options and connectivity to E. Grand Avenue to the north and the Village to the east. A majority of respondents were supportive of Scenario 3 and the potential for residential development for the Frederick’s focus area, albeit with differing opinions on the residential density. Those in favor of this scenario were enthusiastic about the potential to expand the City’s parks and recreational facilities that could accompany the residential development. A summary of the feedback received at the community workshop and from the online surveys is described in the Land Use Scenarios Workshop and Survey Results memorandum (Attachment 2). General Plan Citizens Advisory Group (CAG) The CAG consists of five residents from a wide range of professional backgrounds, one Planning Commissioner, and one City Council Member. The CAG meets approximately one time per month to review administrative drafts of deliverables and be consulted during initial policy development. The CAG met on two occasions to discuss the proposed land use scenarios, on February 24, and March 10, 2025. The focus areas and the corresponding four land use scenarios were presented to the group during the February meeting. At the following meeting, CAG members identified their preferred land use scenario. There was a strong preference for a hybrid scenario consisting of Scenarios 2 and 3. The CAG identified the redevelopment potential for the E. Grand Avenue corridor as a whole, as modeled by Scenario 2. The group was also largely supportive of Scenario 3, although there were varying opinions about what future residential development should entail. Aspects of Scenario #4 were also favored, particularly the emphasis on the redevelopment of the E. Grand Avenue corridor and the potential of providing small commercial/industrial incubator spaces. The one area of consensus was support for the inclusion of recreational facilities to support future development, and the city at large. Planning Commission Recommendation The land use scenarios were presented to the Planning Commission at its meeting on March 18, 20253. The Planning Commission’s recommendation is a hybrid of Scenarios 2 and 3, which reads: The recommended scenario emphasizes densification within the existing city boundaries, focusing on infill development of vacant and underutilized land to increase housing and population capacity. This scenario introduces a new Corridor Mixed Use designation that allows higher residential densities. This scenario would also permit the conversion of existing agricultural land within city limits to residential uses and complementary amenities, such as parks and op en space. Development within the agriculturally zoned areas would require a specific plan to guide development within the North Fair Oaks and Frederick’s focus areas. 3 https://pub-arroyogrande.escribemeetings.com/filestream.ashx?DocumentId=14125 Page 181 of 220 Item 11.b. City Council Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update April 8, 2025 Page 6 The Planning Commission recommended scenario would increase densities across the spectrum of residential land use designations and more intense commercial development by increasing the allowable floor-area ratio and lot coverage standards. Next Steps Staff is requesting that the City Council identify their preferred scenario or hybrid thereof based on the various input provided through initial community surveys, workshops, online comments, pop-up events, Citizens Advisory Group, and Planning Commission. The preferred land use scenario will be the foundation of the new General Plan elements, while also being influenced by the vision statement and guiding principles. The next phase of the project consists of drafting the goals, policies, and implementation strategies that will serve as the City’s blueprint for growth for the duration of the General Plan. This phase will include community meetings to address specific topics such as safety, economic development, and environmental justice, and culminate with a community workshop to unveil the draft General Plan. ALTERNATIVES: The following alternatives are provided for the Council’s consideration: 1. Adopt a preferred land use scenario for the General Plan Update, or a hybrid thereof; or 2. Provide other direction to staff. ADVANTAGES: Selection of a preferred land use scenario will guide the development of General Plan’s goals, policies, and implementation strategies, which will ultimately dictate how many people could feasibly live in the city and guide the growth of the local economy. DISADVANTAGES: The preferred land use scenario may result in the development of undeveloped agricultural land to accommodate anticipated growth in the housing and economic sectors. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: The adoption of a land use scenario is not a project subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) because adoption has no potential to result in either a direct, or reasonably foreseeable indirect, physical change in the environment. (State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15060 (c)(2) and (3), 15378.) PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND COMMENTS: The Agenda was posted at City Hall and on the City’s website in accordance with Government Code Section 54954.2. An email has been sent to everyone who has signed up to receive project notifications through the project's website, www.planarroyogrande.com. Page 182 of 220 Item 11.b. City Council Adoption of a Land Use Scenario for the General Plan Update April 8, 2025 Page 7 ATTACHMENTS: 1. Land Use Scenarios Memorandum 2. Land Use Scenarios Workshop and Survey Results Memorandum Page 183 of 220 1415 20TH STREET SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95811 (916) 446-0522 FAX (916) 446-7520 mintier@mintierharnish.com www.mintierharish.com 1 M E M O R A N D U M TO: Brian Pedrotti, Director of Community Development, City of Arroyo Grande Andrew Perez, Planning Manager, City of Arroyo Grande FROM: Michael Gibbons, Project Manager | Mintier Harnish CC: Brent Gibbons, Nikki Zanchetta, Hannah Woolsey | Mintier Harnish DATE: February 5, 2025 RE: Land Use Scenarios Analysis Introduction Phase 5 of the General Plan Update project focuses on analyzing land use and growth scenarios. This analysis aims to create an updated land use diagram for the General Plan, reflecting the community’s vision for the next 20 to 30 years. The first step in this strategy involved early community engagement through an interactive mapping questionnaire and direct outreach at City events. Feedback from these efforts directly informed the development of four land use scenarios. These concepts will help guide the creation of land use diagram maps, providing City staff and the community with a clear understanding of the implications of different land use approaches. How Should This Memo Be Used? This memorandum presents a comparative analysis of the anticipated changes to jobs and housing capacity and the built environment under each scenario. This analysis evaluates land use scenarios using various indicators to help community members and decision-makers understand the implications of development under each scenario. Decisions about future land uses will influence how many people could feasibly live in the city and guide the location of jobs and businesses. Decision-makers will weigh the costs and benefits of each scenario presented in this memorandum and select a “preferred land use scenario.” The preferred land use scenario may be one of the three scenarios or a combination of features from each. The preferred land use scenario, along with the citywide vision statement and guiding principles, will then guide the preparation of General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs. The remainder of this memorandum presents the preliminary analysis of the developed land use scenario concepts to prompt feedback from City staff, the Planning Commission, and City Council. ATTACHMENT 1 Page 184 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 2 Community Feedback and Key Topics The Consultant Team gathered community feedback on key focus areas across the city to identify opportunities for land use redesignations and areas of future development. This feedback was collected using the Maptionnaire platform, which engages participants through interactive, map-based questions. A total of 354 survey responses with meaningful data were gathered, including both submitted surveys and partially completed ones where respondents answered at least one question but did not submit the survey. The demographic profile of respondents shows that over half were over the age of 55 and/or reported an annual income of $100,000 or more. Furthermore, nearly 75 percent of respondents identified as white/European American, while approximately five percent identified as Hispanic American/Latinx. A thorough review of the survey feedback revealed several key topics and community priorities. Below are the most prominent themes identified from the responses. Recreation, Open Space, and Agricultural Land Preservation • Open space and recreational opportunities for families and high school students • Preservation of productive agricultural land • Preserve, enhance, and create new multi-use trail systems • Develop additional recreation-oriented land uses and community facilities Housing Needs • Create more housing capacity for different housing types, including: o Starter homes o Townhomes o Denser, mixed-use developments o Multifamily • Improve availability of affordable housing • Create cohesive neighborhoods • Reduce impacts to traffic Commercial, Retail, and Industrial Developments • Commercial infill developments in vacant/underutilized properties • Create welcoming, lively retail corridors • Mixed-use developments, including retail, restaurants, entertainment venues, offices, and residential uses • Bring some light industrial uses to city Active Transportation • Improve bicycle infrastructure • Improve pedestrian infrastructure and safety, especially along major corridors and in the Village • Expand public transportation options • Lane reduction and roadway reconfiguration to reduce car speeds Page 185 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 3 City Expansion • Approximately 40 percent of respondents were in favor of expanding the City limits or Sphere of Influence. Approximately 33 percent of respondents were not in favor of expansion and 27 percent were undecided. • Encourage denser infill development to reduce need to expand City limits • If the City expands, ideal areas for expansion include: o Agricultural areas south of the city, near the Arroyo Grande High School o Northeast of the city o Southeast of the Frederick property • Preference for expansion into non-prime or non-productive agricultural land • Utility service expansion through annexation Focus Areas As outlined in the introduction of this memorandum, a key step in the General Plan Update process is to analyze various scenarios that will eventually lead to the selection of a “preferred land use scenario.” To help guide the creation of the various scenarios to be developed for this key step, a series of “focus areas” were developed. These focus areas help to identify sections of the community that are likely to change based on the needs and expectations of residents. Having focus areas is important because it narrows down where likely changes should be prioritized and provides the City with a starting point to develop policies to support these changes. Focus Areas Overview Three focus areas were identified for the Arroyo Grande scenarios process. These areas were selected based on their potential to accommodate growth and development over the planning period and were informed by initial feedback from earlier project engagement. Each focus area has unique characteristics, opportunities, and challenges in regards to future development potential. Analyzing each of the scenarios in these focus areas will identify the potential outcomes in the context of each focus area. These three focus areas apply across all four scenarios, as shown in Figure 1. Below, each focus area is described along with public feedback received regarding development preferences. Page 186 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 4 Figure 1. City of Arroyo Grande Land Use Scenarios Focus Areas East Grand Corridor Focus Area The East Grand Corridor focus area is located within city limits, in the central and western portions of the city. Currently, this area’s primary land uses include commercial, office, mixed-use, light industrial, some multi-family residential, and some single-family residential. This focus area primarily includes developed properties along Grand Avenue with some vacant and underutilized parcels, offering the potential for a variety of different development and redevelopment patterns. Just under 90 percent of survey respondents were in favor of redevelopment in this focus area. Preferred types of developments include: • Improved pedestrian and bicyclist infrastructure to see this area become more lively, vibrant/engaging, walkable, and safe • Lower car speeds and lane reduction • Mix of denser infill developments, including retail (small and big businesses), restaurants, live music venues, office, mixed use, and multi-family residential • Prioritize developments in vacant and underutilized properties • Affordable housing options, including single family homes, multi-family, and tiny homes Page 187 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 5 Some respondents noted various considerations for future developments in this area. Some expressed that this area needs to be "spruced up" and made to feel like a cohesive corridor/neighborhood. Others noted that densifying in this area of town could allow the population to grow without the need to expand the City limits. Figure 2: East Grand Corridor Focus Area North Fair Oaks Focus Area The North Fair Oaks focus area is located in the southern portion of the city, across from Arroyo Grande High School and southwest of the Village. Currently, this area’s main land uses include agriculture and some single-family residential. The working agricultural land in this focus area could accommodate future development which could complement the existing residential and commercial developments in the surrounding area. Just over half of survey respondents were in favor of redevelopment in this focus area. Preferred types of developments include: • Open space and recreational uses for families and high schoolers • Developments should focus on youth and high schooler needs (due to proximity to schools) • Improve pedestrian, bicyclist, and transit options/infrastructure Page 188 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 6 • If housing is developed, respondents have a preference for starter single-family homes, dense mixed-use developments, multi-family residences, and co-housing However, some respondents noted potential issues and considerations for future developments in this area. Some expressed that existing, productive agricultural land should be preserved as much as possible to keep this aspect of the city's heritage. Others noted that increased traffic should be mitigated if developments occur in this area. Figure 3: North Fair Oaks Focus Area Frederick Focus Area The Frederick focus area is located in the eastern portion of the city, southeast of residential neighborhoods and north of Highway 101. Currently, this area’s main land uses include agriculture, single-family residential, and some public facilities. The undeveloped land in this focus area could accommodate developments that complement the existing surrounding residential neighborhoods. Several respondents of the mapping survey noted that the agricultural areas just north of the current Frederick Focus Area boundary could be incorporated into this focus area. Page 189 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 7 Just under 75 percent of survey respondents were in favor of redevelopment in this focus area. Preferred types of developments include: • Mix of affordable and middle class housing (including small single family, townhome, and multifamily) • Open space, park, recreation, and trails, including recreational uses for youth/high schoolers • Some interest in bringing light industrial uses to this area • Some interest in bringing retail to area, assuming that existing, vacant retail in this area is filled • If city needs to expand, some respondents believe that this is the best area for expansion (in non-prime ag. areas) However, some respondents noted potential issues and considerations for future developments in this area. There was a significant concern over developing and losing open space, with some expressing a desire to restrict any new developments in this area. Additionally, some expressed concern that housing developed in this area would be costly due to costs incurred from expanding utilities and other City services. Figure 4: Frederick Focus Area Page 190 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 8 Land Use Scenarios This memorandum highlights concepts for land use changes in three identified focus areas and overall preferences for citywide growth and development. Based on community feedback, four land use scenarios were developed: Scenario 1: Existing General Plan, Scenario 2: Infill Focus, Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus, and Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach. This section provides a general concept of each proposed scenario, including a description of land use designations, development standards, and allowed land uses. Table 1 offers a summary of the land use designations and their corresponding density/floor area ratio (FAR) for non-residential designations under each scenario scenario. Under Scenarios 2, 3, and 4, the Mobile Home Park (MHP) designation is proposed to be eliminated and collapsed into the Medium High Density Multi-Family Residential (MHD) designation. Additionally, under these same scenarios, the Very Low Density Single Family Residential (SFR-VLD) designation is proposed to be eliminated and collapsed into the Low Density Single Family Residential (SFR-LD) designation. A new Parks and Recreation (PR) General Plan land use designation is proposed to designate all current and future parks and recreational facilities within the city. A new, higher-intensity mixed use designation named “Corridor Mixed Use” is proposed under Scenarios 2 and 3. The primary distinctions between these Scenarios are the proposed densities across all remaining residential land use designations, the proposed locations of future developments, and differences in mixed use and commercial land use designations. Scenario 2 proposes the highest increases in allowed densities for new developments, particularly for residential and mixed use land use designations. These increases in density would allow the city to accommodate infill developments and grow its population without the need to develop agricultural or open space lands within city limits. Scenario 3 proposes no changes to a majority of the existing General Plan land use designations and instead proposes to accommodate new residential units and complimentary uses through specific plans for various agricultural and open space parcels in the city. Scenario 4 proposes to increase the densities of certain designations, primarily commercial ones, to expand commercial and employment-generating land uses. Similarly to Scenario 3, Scenario 4 proposes a specific plan process for various agricultural and open space parcels in the city. Table 1: Scenarios Land Use Designations Designation Maximum Density Allowed Land Uses in Scenario Scenarios Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Agriculture (Ag) 1 du/10 ac Agriculture, single-family Conservation/Open Space (C/OS) 1 du/20 ac 1 du/10 ac Open space, preserve Parks and Recreation (PR) N/A - Parks and recreation (New land use designation) Very Low Density Single Family Residential (SFR-VLD) 1 du/2.5 ac Eliminated – collapsed into SFR-LD Estate-size lot, single-family Low Density Single Family Residential (SFR-LD) 1 du/1.5 ac 1 du/ac 1 du/ac Low density, large lot, single- family Page 191 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 9 Table 1: Scenarios Land Use Designations Designation Maximum Density Allowed Land Uses in Scenario Scenarios Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Low Medium Density Single Family Residential (SFR-LM) 2.5 du/ac 4 du/ac No change* 4 du/ac Moderate sized lot, single- family Medium Density Single Family Residential (SFR-MD) 4.5 du/ac 8 du/ac No change* 6 du/ac Common sized lots, single- family Multi-Family Residential (MFR) 9 du/ac Eliminated – collapsed into MHD No change* Multifamily, planned unit developments, condominiums, and senior housing Mobile home parks and subdivisions Medium High Density Multi- Family Residential (MHD) 9 du/ac 12 du/ac No change* Townhouse/Condo 9 du/ac Eliminated – collapsed into MHD No change* Mobile Home Park (MHP) 12 du/ac Eliminated – collapsed into MHD High Density Multi- Family Residential (HD) 14 du/ac 16 du/ac No change* Single-family attached, multifamily attached, and senior housing Very High Density Multi-Family Residential (VHD) 25 du/ac 28 du/ac No change* Very high density multifamily, senior housing Mixed Use (MU) 25 du/ac 30 du/ac FAR: 2.0 Lot Coverage: 80% No change* 28 du/ac FAR: 1.75 Lot Coverage: 80% Mixed uses Corridor Mixed Use (CMU) N/A 36 du/ac FAR: 2.5 Lot Coverage: 100% 30 du/ac FAR: 2.0 Lot Coverage: 80% N/A Mixed uses (New land use designation) Village Core (VC) 15 du/ac 26 du/ac FAR: 2.0 Lot Coverage: 75% No change* Mixed uses Office (O) 0.5 FAR FAR: 2.0 Lot Coverage: 100% Mixed uses Regional Commercial (RC) - FAR: 2.0 Lot Coverage: 100% Regional commercial * The corresponding scenario proposes no changes from the existing standard. Page 192 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 10 Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 1 serves as a baseline scenario, providing a benchmark for evaluating the impacts of other proposed scenarios. Under this scenario, no changes are made to the existing General Plan land uses, City limits, or Sphere of Influence. While any existing policies in the General Plan would be updated to reflect changes in State law, General Plan land use designations, development standards, and zoning would remain unchanged. This Scenario is critical for analysis as it provides a snapshot of how the city would evolve if no major adjustments were made to accommodate growth or address emerging trends. It assumes the continuation of current development patterns, infrastructure, and service provisions, offering a clear understanding of the city's trajectory over the next 20 to 30 years. By comparing Scenario 1 to the other scenarios, stakeholders can assess the potential benefits and trade-offs of different strategies for managing growth, enhancing community character, and addressing infrastructure needs. Figure 5. Scenario 1: Existing General Plan RESIDENTS = 23,650 SINGLE FAMILY UNITS = 9,052 JOBS = 15,407 MULTI-FAMILY UNITS = 3,103 Page 193 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 11 Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 2 is an infill-focused scenario that encourages densification of the existing built environment, development of existing vacant and underutilized land in the city, and the preservation of productive agricultural land and open space. Proposed development in Scenario 2 would rely on the city’s existing infrastructure and concentrate on increasing development intensities to increase capacity in existing developed areas. Scenario 2 encourages the development of a variety of higher density housing types, mixed-uses, commercial uses, and other infill development. This Scenario does not propose any city expansion or annexation of land and assumes there will be no development beyond the City’s existing Sphere of Influence within the upcoming planning period. Under this Scenario, the City would prioritize improvements to bicyclist and pedestrian infrastructure that would improve the safety of these active transportation modes. As a part of this, the City would prioritize lane reduction and roadway reconfiguration projects to reduce car speeds and improve safety along major corridors. Key features of Scenario 2 include: • Floor Area Ratio (FAR) Standards. Establish floor area ratio (FAR) standards for non- residential, mixed-use development to increase intensity • Increase Density. Increase the maximum density/intensity for the following land use designations:  Single Family Residential (Low Density)  Single Family Residential (Low Medium Density)  Single Family Residential (Medium Density)  Medium High Density Multi-Family Residential (MHD)  High Density Multi-Family Residential (HD)  Very High Density Multi-Family Residential (VHD)  Mixed Use (MU)  Village Core (VC) • New Mixed-Use Land Use Designation. Create a new Corridor Mixed Use designation with focus on higher-density, infill style development and corresponding development and design standards • Preserve Agriculture. Preservation of existing agriculture land and open space • Keep Existing Agricultural Standards. No change to the Agriculture and Conservation or Open Space land use designations • Land Use Flexibility. Incentivize and allow for a greater flexibility in allowed land uses so properties can accommodate a multitude of uses • Complete Streets. Design roads to accommodate all users, including pedestrians, cyclists, and public transit. Key Takeaways: At full buildout... 1. Highest population growth. Scenario 2 has the highest capacity to increase the city’s population. 2. Largest housing growth. Scenario 2 offers the highest capacity to increase the city's stock of both single- and multi-family housing units. 3. Modest job creation. Scenario 2 creates some jobs; however, Scenario 4 creates a much larger capacity for employment opportunities. Page 194 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 12 Figure 6. Scenario 2: Infill Focus RESIDENTS = 34,325 + 10,675 from Existing General Plan + 7,524 from Scenario 3 + 2,718 from Scenario 4 SINGLE FAMILY UNITS = 11,167 +2,114 from Existing General Plan + 1,369 from Scenario 3 + 397 from Scenario 4 JOBS = 18,507 + 3,100 from Existing General Plan + 2,727 from Scenario 3 - 9,692 from Scenario 4 MULTI-FAMILY UNITS = 6,787 + 3,684 from Existing General Plan + 2,663 from Scenario 3 + 1,225 from Scenario 4 Page 195 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 13 Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 3 focuses on the conversion of existing agricultural land within the City limits to accommodate new residential development and growth. Under Scenario 3, agricultural and open space land conversion will require the expansion of utilities, services, and infrastructure to accommodate any future development. Scenario 3 does not propose any city expansion or annexation of land and assumes there will be no development beyond the City’s existing Sphere of Influence within the upcoming planning period. This Scenario does not propose increasing the density or intensity of most existing General Plan land use designations. Scenario 3 encourages development at existing intensities, developing additional housing, and increasing opportunities for retail, commercial, office, and other employment-based land uses. Key features of Scenario 3 include: • Specific Plans. Require the development of a Specific Plan to guide development in the North Fair Oaks and Frederick focus areas • Discourage Density Increases. Most existing General Plan land use designations’ densities and intensities do not change • New Mixed-Use Land Use Designation. Potential to create a new Corridor Mixed Use designation with focus on higher-density, infill style development and corresponding development standards • Convert Agricultural Land. Conversion of existing agriculture land to residential land uses with a mix of open space and parks. • Complete Streets. Design roads to accommodate all users, including pedestrians, cyclists, and public transit. Key Takeaways: At full buildout... 1. Moderate population growth. Scenario 3 offers some capacity to increase the city’s population. 2. Moderate housing growth. Scenario 3 increases the number of housing units from the existing General Plan, but offers far less housing than Scenarios 2 and 4. 3. Minor job creation. Scenario 3 maintains a similar capacity for job creation as the existing General Plan. RESIDENTS = 26,801 + 3,151 from Existing General Plan - 7,524 from Scenario 2 - 4,806 from Scenario 4 SINGLE FAMILY UNITS = 9,798 + 746 from Existing General Plan - 1,369 from Scenario 2 - 972 from Scenario 4 JOBS = 15,780 + 373 from Existing General Plan - 2,727 from Scenario 2 - 12,419 from Scenario 4 MULTI-FAMILY UNITS = 4,124 + 1,020 from Existing General Plan - 2,663 from Scenario 2 - 1,438 from Scenario 4 Page 196 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 14 Figure 7. Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Scenario 4 prioritizes expanding opportunities for commercial and employment-generating land uses. This approach seeks to enhance economic growth, reduce reliance on neighboring employment centers, and diversify the City’s economic base. Growth is focused within the city’s existing boundaries and Sphere of Influence, with no annexation proposed during the upcoming planning period. New development and growth is supported through the conversion of existing agricultural land within the City limits under a specific plan. The strategy emphasizes targeted land use changes and density increases to attract businesses and create a vibrant local economy. Key features of Scenario 4 include: • Specific Plans. Require the development of a Specific Plan to guide development in the North Fair Oaks and Frederick focus areas • Floor Area Ratio (FAR) Standards. Establish a floor area ratio (FAR) and lot coverage standards for non-residential development • Encourage Denser Commercial Development. Increase the allowed intensity of existing commercial land use designations • Convert Agricultural Land. Conversion of existing agricultural and open space land to more developed, urban land uses Page 197 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 15 • Strategic Mixed-Use Nodes. Designate key areas within the city for mixed-use development, encouraging walkable centers with retail, office, and residential uses • Increase Regional Commercial. Increase the amount of land designated as Regional Commercial to allow for the development of larger commercial establishments Key Takeaways: At full buildout... 1. High population growth. Scenario 4 offers capacity to increase the city’s population. 2. High housing growth. Scenario 4 would increase the city's stock of both single- and multi-family housing units; however, Scenario 2 would create a higher capacity for new housing units in the city. 3. Highest job creation. Scenario 4 creates the highest capacity for new jobs in the city and emphasizes commercial expansion. RESIDENTS = 31,607 + 7,957 from Existing General Plan - 2,718 from Scenario 2 + 4,806 from Scenario 3 SINGLE FAMILY UNITS = 10,770 + 1,718 from Existing General Plan - 397 from Scenario 2 + 972 from Scenario 3 JOBS = 28,199 + 12,792 from Existing General Plan + 9,692 from Scenario 2 + 12,419 from Scenario 3 MULTI-FAMILY UNITS = 5,562 + 2,458 from Existing General Plan - 1,225 from Scenario 2 + 1,438 from Scenario 3 Page 198 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 16 Figure 8. Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Summary Results Methodology The Project Team used Urban Footprint, a GIS-based application used to analyze the implications of changes to land uses, to model Arroyo Grande’s four land use Scenarios. Urban Footprint uses a curated, enriched dataset of existing land uses in the United States to calculate insights and implications of different theoretical models of planning areas. The program looks at several topics, including general city statistics, land consumption, energy use, water use, pedestrian accessibility, transit accessibility, transportation, emissions, and household costs. The following analysis uses the data provided by Urban Footprint to form an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each scenario to give decisionmakers an understanding of the implications of selecting one scenario over another. Often, this process results in a City Council selecting a hybrid scenario, selecting the best features of each scenario. Page 199 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 17 Summary of Metrics Table 2 provides a summary of the overall comparative metrics between the four land use Scenarios. Table 2: Summary of Metrics Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Range of Housing Types 45% Single Family, detached 43% Single Family, detached 39% Single Family, detached 46% Single Family, detached 30% Single Family, attached 19% Single Family, attached 32% Single Family, attached 20% Single Family, attached 26% Multifamily 38% Multifamily 30% Multifamily 34% Multifamily Single-family Housing Unit Capacity 9,052 11,167 9,798 10,770 Multifamily Housing Unit Capacity 3,103 6,787 4,124 5,562 Employment Capacity 15,407 18,507 15,780 28,199 Population Capacity 23,650 34,325 26,801 31,607 Total Consumed Open Space and Agricultural Land at Buildout (acres) N/A N/A 138.7 143.3 Evaluation of Metrics Range of Housing In 2023, approximately 69 percent of the 8,086 housing units in Arroyo Grande were single-family, detached homes and approximately eight percent of units were single-family, attached homes. The remaining 23 percent of units consisted of multifamily housing. At full buildout, all Scenarios would create an increased capacity for all housing types in the city, with Scenarios 2 and 4 proposing the highest total capacity for both single-family and multifamily housing types. Scenarios 2 and 4 also propose a larger proportion of multifamily housing compared to Scenarios 1 and 3, potentially better serving the housing needs for individuals and families in varied income groups. Page 200 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 18 Table 3: Range of Housing Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Range of Housing Types 45% Single Family, detached 43% Single Family, detached 39% Single Family, detached 46% Single Family, detached 30% Single Family, attached 19% Single Family, attached 32% Single Family, attached 20% Single Family, attached 26% Multifamily 38% Multifamily 30% Multifamily 34% Multifamily Number of Single Family Dwelling Units 9,052 11,167 9,798 10,770 Number of Multi-family Dwelling Units 3,103 6,787 4,124 5,562 Total Dwelling Units 12,156 17,953 13,922 16,332 Population Capacity In 2020, Arroyo Grande’s population was approximately 18,441 residents. At full buildout, all Scenarios would provide for a higher population capacity due to their increased capacity for new housing units; however, Scenarios 2 and 4 would provide for the highest future population capacity compared to other Scenarios at 34,325 residents and 31,607 maximum residents, respectively. Table 4: Range of Housing Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Population 23,650 34,325 26,801 31,607 Housing Accessibility and Affordability Arroyo Grande was assigned a Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) for the period from 2020 to 2028, as detailed in Table 5. This allocation mandates the city must plan for the development of 692 new dwelling units during its 2020 to 2028 RHNA. All proposed Scenarios exceed this requirement significantly, ensuring ample capacity for housing growth. Specifically, Scenarios 2 and 4 offer a range of housing options, including both single-family and multifamily units. This capacity for a variety of housing types positions the city to better accommodate diverse future housing demands. Although the RHNA only projects out to 2028, the planning horizon for the General Plan extends over the next 20 to 30 years. The housing capacity provided by Scenarios 2 and 4 in excess of the current RHNA would ensure that Arroyo Grande will be well-prepared to meet its future RHNA cycles. This Page 201 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 19 proactive approach supports the city’s long-term growth and housing strategy, aligning with both current and future residential needs. Table 5: City of Arroyo Grande 2020-2028 Housing Element RHNA Allocation by Income Level Jurisdiction Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total Arroyo Grande 170 107 124 291 692 Consistent development of new housing may reduce the gap between supply and demand, and therefore keeps housing costs from escalating. Scenarios 2, 3, and 4 all provide for a higher housing capacity than the City’s existing General Plan. The proposed increase in housing capacity under Scenarios 2 and 4, specifically, would make housing more affordable due to increased supply. Table 6: Housing Accessibility Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Net New Single Family Dwelling Units (Compared to Scenario 1) - + 2,114 + 746 + 1,718 Net New Multi-family Dwelling Units (Compared to Scenario 1) - + 3,684 + 1,020 + 2,458 Net New Total Dwelling Units (Compared to Scenario 1) - + 5,797 + 1,766 + 4,176 In addition to the overall cost of housing, which includes mortgage and rent, affordability for residents is also influenced by residential water and energy usage costs. Scenarios 2 and 4 offer the lowest annual average residential water cost at $512 and $558 per unit, respectively, compared to $642 for Scenario 1 and $603 for Scenario 3. However, Scenarios 2 and 3 provide for the lowest annual average residential energy cost at $2,373 and $2,399 per unit, respectively, compared to $2,468 for Scenario 1 and $2,437 for Scenario 4. It is important to note that despite the lower per-unit water and energy costs in certain scenarios, overall citywide annual residential water and energy costs increase under Scenarios 2, 3, and 4. This increase is due to the overall rise in the number of housing units in these Scenarios, reflecting their broader capacity of development. Page 202 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 20 Table 7: Housing Unit Affordability Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Annual Residential Water Costs (Total) $7.8 M $9.2 M $8.4 M $9.1 M Annual Average Residential Water Costs Per Unit $641.66 $512.45 $603.36 $557.19 Annual Residential Energy Costs (Total) $ 30 M $ 42.6 M $33.4 M $ 39.8 M Annual Average Residential Energy Costs Per Unit $2,467.92 $2,372.86 $2,399.08 $2,436.93 Land Use Efficiency Land Use Efficiency measures how effectively a city’s development capacity can be expanded while minimizing the development of vacant greenfield land, including the undeveloped agricultural and open space parcels found in the southeastern portion of the city. Scenario 2 demonstrates higher land use efficiency than all other scenarios, as this Scenario promotes infill developments and avoids consuming any agricultural or open space lands, all while providing the largest capacity for new residential development at 5,797 new units. Conversely, Scenarios 3 and 4 propose the consumption of approximately 139 and 143 acres of open space and agricultural land, respectively, to accommodate additional residential development and employment capacity. No agricultural or open space lands would be consumed under Scenarios 1 and 2. Although Scenario 3 and 4 propose a similar amount of land consumption, Scenario 4 is much more efficient in terms of its capacity for new housing units and jobs created per acres of agricultural land consumed. Under Scenario 4, for each acre of land consumed, the city would increase its capacity for housing by 29 units and its capacity for employment by 89 jobs. Although Scenario 2 does not consume as much land as other Scenarios, it does not nearly have the capacity for employment that Scenario 4 offers. Scenario 4 creates capacity for up to 12,792 additional jobs, whereas Scenario 2 would accommodate 3,100 new jobs. Table 8: Land Use Efficiency Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Total Consumed Open Space and Agricultural Land at Buildout (acres) N/A N/A 138.7 143.3 Net New Total Dwelling Units (Compared to Scenario 1) - + 5,797 + 1,766 + 4,176 Page 203 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 21 Table 8: Land Use Efficiency Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Net New Employment (Compared to Scenario 1) - + 3,100 + 373 + 12,792 Land Use Efficiency (new housing unit capacity per acres Ag land consumed) No Ag land consumed No Ag land consumed + 12.7 + 29.1 Land Use Efficiency (new jobs capacity per acres Ag land consumed) No Ag land consumed No Ag land consumed + 2.7 + 89.3 Nonresidential Development and Employment Capacity This metric assesses the anticipated number of new jobs each scenario can support at full buildout, assuming all designated employment-generating lands are fully developed or redeveloped. Scenario 4 forecasts the highest net increase in employment at 12,792 new jobs, compared to 3,100 new jobs under Scenario 2 and 373 new jobs under Scenario 3. Scenario 4 would create the highest capacity for job creation out of all scenarios through the consumption of approximately 143 acres of agricultural and open space lands using a specific plan process as well as increasing the allowable FAR and lot coverage for General Plan land use designations such as Mixed Use, Regional Commercial, and Office. Scenario 4 also offers the highest total job creation per capita out of all scenarios. Scenario 2 provides some capacity for new employment-generating spaces through denser infill development, avoiding the need to convert agricultural and open space lands to urban uses. Several land use changes are proposed across the various scenarios to create a higher capacity for nonresidential development. Scenarios 2 and 4 propose increasing the allowable density for the City’s Mixed Use designation from 25 du/acre to 30 du/acre and 28 du/acre, respectively. Under Scenarios 2, 3, and 4, floor area ratio (FAR) and lot coverage standards would be established for non-residential, mixed-use development. Additionally, Scenarios 2 and 3 introduce a new Corridor Mixed Use land designation that allows a higher intensity of mixed use developments along key corridors such as E Grand Avenue. Under Scenario 2, the Corridor Mixed Use designation would allow a higher density of developments (up to 36 du/acre and 2.5 FAR) than Scenario 3 (up to 30 du/acre and 2.0 FAR). Finally, Scenario 4 proposes to establish dense FAR and lot coverage standards for commercial land use designations. Across all scenarios, including the existing General Plan buildout, there is a relatively consistent distribution of retail, office, public, and industrial jobs, comprising 60 percent to 70 percent retail, 13 percent to 21 percent office, 10 to 23 percent public, and less than one percent industrial. Page 204 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 22 Table 9: Nonresidential Development and Employment Capacity Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Employment Capacity 15,407 18,507 15,780 28,199 Percent Retail Jobs 60% 70% 65% 68% Percent Office Jobs 17% 13% 16% 22% Percent Public Jobs 23% 16% 19% 10% Percent Industrial Jobs 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% <0.1% Total Employment Per Capita 0.65 0.54 0.59 0.89 Total Retail, Office, and Industrial Building Area (acres) 230.62 280.72 236.18 372.67 Net New Employment - + 3,100 + 373 + 12,792 Net New Retail, Office, and Industrial Building Area (acres) - + 50.10 + 5.56 + 142.05 Trip Generation Analysis Creating capacity for new land uses can also influence daily trips generated, vehicle miles traveled, and greenhouse gases emitted within the City limits. Scenarios 2 and 4 would likely prompt the largest increase in total annual vehicle miles traveled and annual passenger vehicle greenhouse gas emissions compared to Scenarios 1 and 3. This is likely a direct response to the higher population capacities under these Scenarios, and not necessarily as a result of the density and proximity of residential and nonresidential developments. Across all Scenarios, approximately 86 to 89 percent of travel mode share would consist of private vehicles, just under four percent would consist of public transportation, and between seven and ten percent would consist of pedestrians and bicyclists. Although there were no substantial differences in mode share across the Scenarios, Scenario 2 offered the highest ratio of residents travelling via public transportation or as pedestrians and bicyclists. These differences in travel mode share between Scenarios is only as a result of changes in the built environment such as new building development, and not as a result of improved active transportation infrastructure. Improvements to public transportation access, sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and more might further encourage modes of active transportation amongst residents. Page 205 of 220 Memorandum to the City of Arroyo Grande City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan update Land Use Scenarios Analysis Wednesday, February 5, 2025 23 Table 10: Trip Generation and Mode Share Metric Scenario 1: Existing General Plan Scenario 2: Infill Focus Scenario 3: Residential and Complimentary Uses Focus Scenario 4: Commercial Focused Approach Annual Vehicle Miles Travelled (passenger vehicles in millions of miles travelled) 85.5 116.2 94.5 130.11 Per Capita Annual Residential Vehicle Miles Travelled (miles/year/person) 2,713.6 2,559.8 2,672.5 2,732.4 Annual Passenger Vehicle GHG Emissions (metric tons of CO₂ equivalent) 33,558.2 45,600.0 37,078.6 51,073.5 Travel Mode Share Auto 88% 86% 88% 89% Public Transportation 4% 4% 4% 4% Pedestrian and Bicyclist 9% 10% 9% 7% Page 206 of 220 1415 20TH STREET Sacramento, California 95811 (916) 446-0522 FAX (916) 446-7520 mintier@mintierharnish.com www.mintierharish.com M E M O R A N D U M TO: Brian Pedrotti, Director of Community Development, City of Arroyo Grande Andrew Perez, Planning Manager, City of Arroyo Grande FROM: Michael Gibbons, Project Manager | Mintier Harnish CC: Brent Gibbons, Nikki Zanchetta | Mintier Harnish DATE: March 12, 2025 RE: Land Use Scenarios Workshop and Survey Results Introduction On February 5, 2025, the City held a community workshop to introduce four potential land use scenarios for the General Plan Update. The workshop included a presentation, informational posters, and interactive activities to solicit community feedback on each land use scenario in relation to each of the three focus areas. Following the workshop, the city released a community survey with questions similar to those included in the workshop activities. The survey was available online from February 6, 2025, through March 10, 2025, and was promoted via the City of Arroyo Grande social media channels, the project website, and eblasts sent to the project email list. Workshop Activities and Survey Questions Workshop Activities The workshop included three activities for participants to complete: Land Use Scenarios Preference Worksheet Each workshop attendee was given a one-page (front and back) worksheet to gather feedback on their preferred land use scenarios for each of the three focus areas. One side of the worksheet included a brief description of each land use scenario. The other side of the worksheet included three sections, one for each focus area. Participants were asked to select which scenario they prefer for each focus area and provide a brief explanation for their decision. A total of 28 worksheets were collected during the workshop. ATTACHMENT 2 Page 207 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 2 Frederick Focus Area Lego Activity The goal of this activity was for participants to provide their input on how they would distribute land uses within a theoretical specific plan using the specific plan land use percentages allocated for Scenarios 3 and 4. Each participant received a set of pre-assigned Lego pieces representing the ratio of area dedicated to each land uses for the scenario the participant indicated as their preferred scenario for the Frederick Focus Area. The ratios were derived from prior outreach efforts that asked about the land use preferences for this area. Participants were asked to arrange the Legos on a gridded map of the focus area to reflect their preferred development pattern. A copy of each activity response is included at the end of this memo. North Fair Oaks Focus Area Lego Activity This activity was the same as the Frederick Focus Area Lego activity described above, but for the North Fair Oaks Focus Area, using the specific plan land use percentages allocated for Scenarios 3 and 4. Each participant received a set of pre-assigned Lego pieces representing the ratio of area dedicated to each land use for the scenario the participant indicated as their preferred scenario for the North Fair Oaks Focus Area. The ratios were derived from prior outreach efforts that asked about the land use preferences for this area. Participants were asked to arrange the Legos on a gridded map of the focus area to reflect their preferred development pattern. A copy of each activity response is included at the end of this memo. Online Survey Questions The online survey included a total of eight questions, plus four optional demographic questions. The first two questions asked respondents if they attended the community workshop on February 5th, and if so, did they submit a Land Use Scenarios Preference Worksheet during the workshop. The remaining six survey questions were identical to those on the Land Use Scenarios Preference Worksheet , asking respondents to select which land use scenario they prefer for each focus area and provide a brief explanation for their decision. The front end of the survey included a brief description of each proposed land use scenario and the three focus areas. Additionally, respondents were encouraged review the workshop materials and land use scenarios information posted on the project website or to contact a project team member with questions before completing the survey. A total of 92 survey responses were received, nine of which indicated they attended the community workshop on February 5th. Of those nine respondents, four indicated that they completed and submitted the activity worksheet. To ensure that responses from community members are not double counted, these four responses are excluded from the survey results evaluation in the following section Example of Frederick Focus Area Lego activity. Example of North Fair Oaks Focus Area Lego activity. Page 208 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 3 with the assumption that these responses are accounted for in the evaluation of the worksheet responses from the workshop. Survey Demographics The following demographic information was collected as part of the online survey. Demographic information was not collected during the community workshop and is not reflected in the data reported in this section. Age. A majority of respondents are older adults, with about 34 percent aged 65 and over and 24 percent aged 55 to 64 years. Middle-aged adults (35-54 years old) account for 25 percent of respondents, while younger adults (18-34 years old make up nine percent of respondents. Only about one percent of respondents are under 18 years of age. Eight percent of respondents did not provide a response regarding their age. Race/Ethnicity. A majority of respondents (70 percent) are White/European American. Thirteen percent of respondents preferred not to provide race/ethnicity information and five percent reported “other”. Household Income. A majority of respondents reported a household income of $100,000 or more, with 27 percent making between $100,000 and $150,000 and 27 percent making over $150,000. About 13 percent of respondents reported making between $50,000 and $74,999, and 12 percent reported making between $75,000 and $99,999. About five percent of respondents reported making less than $50,000. Fifteen percent of respondents did not provide income information. Gender. About 45 percent of respondents identify as male and 37 percent of respondents identify as female. The remaining 18 percent of respondents did not provide gender identity information. Page 209 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 4 Preferred Land Use Scenarios by Focus Area This section includes an overview of community input received on preferred land use scenarios for each focus area identified as part of the land use scenarios process. These summaries include responses from both the worksheet from the community workshop and the online community survey. East Grand Corridor Community members prefer Scenario 2 (Infill Development) for the East Grand Corridor Focus Area accounting for 39 percent of responses, followed by Scenario 1 (Baseline) with a 23 percent response rate. Scenarios 3 (Residential and Complimentary Uses) and 4 (Commercial Focused Approach) received similar response rates of 18 and 20 percent respectively. Scenario #1 (Baseline) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 1 as their preferred land use scenario for the East Grand Corridor Focus Area expressed strong support for preserving Arroyo Grande’s rural and agricultural character and expressed concern over increasing commercial and residential density and its impact on the community’s character. These respondents value that Arroyo Grande isn’t overdeveloped and expressed opposition to any significant growth or population increases. Concerns were raised about potential negative impacts of growth, including increased traffic congestion, loss of agricultural land, and potential environmental consequences such as increased greenhouse gas emissions. Scenario #2 (Infill Development) Response Summary – COMMUNITY PREFFERED Respondents that selected Scenario 2 as their preferred land use scenario for the East Grand Corridor Focus Area favor a balanced approach to growth, emphasizing the need for more housing while preserving agricultural land and open space. Many appreciate its focus on mixed-use and infill development to create a walkable, bikeable, and vibrant community while minimizing sprawl. There is strong interest in revitalizing underutilized properties along East Grand Avenue, enhancing pedestrian and bike access, and maintaining its role as a key commercial corridor. Commenters also stress the need to mitigate traffic congestion and ensure new housing remains affordable. Supporters highlight the benefits of adding condos and apartments rather than single-family homes, noting that increased density could boost local businesses and minimize the need to expand the reach of public services and infrastructure. 23% 39% 18% 20% Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Page 210 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 5 Scenario #3 (Residential and Complimentary Uses) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 3 as their preferred land use scenario for the East Grand Corridor Focus Area expressed the potential for mixed-use developments that combine residential and commercial spaces in a well-connected area with good access to Highway 101. There is a strong focus on increasing housing, particularly multi-family units or condos, by repurposing vacant commercial properties. Commenters emphasize the need for walkable, livable neighborhoods with features like bike paths, walking trails, parks, and even a trolley to connect residents and tourists to the beach. Although respondents generally advocate for more housing along East Grand Avenue, there is a desire to maintain and encourage commercial development to meet the needs of residents and visitors, especially low-income groups, and create a more walkable neighborhood. Scenario #4 (Commercial Focused Approach) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 4 as their preferred land use scenario for the East Grand Corridor Focus Area expressed support for enhancing the Grand Avenue corridor as a commercial center of the City. Respondents liked that this scenario focuses on employment opportunities and generating more tax revenue for the City. There is strong support for maintaining Grand Avenue’s commercial character, with a minimal increase in housing development in this area. Commenters highlight the importance of attracting tourists and local visitors by developing underutilized properties into attractive, upscale venues, boosting the city’s economic growth. Respondents also emphasized the importance of improvements to pedestrian and bike infrastructure to support dining, shopping, and public facing spaces as part of this Scenario. North Fair Oaks Focus Area Community members prefer Scenario 1 (Baseline) for the North Fair Oaks Focus Area accounting for 54 percent of responses, followed by Scenario 3 (Residential and Complimentary Uses) with a 22 percent response rate. Scenario 2 (Infill Development) had a 13 percent response rate, and Scenario 4 (Commercial Focused Approach) was the least preferred, accounting for 11 percent of responses. The following sections include an overview of why respondents selected their preferred scenario. 54% 13% 22% 11% Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Page 211 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 6 Scenario #1 (Baseline) Response Summary – COMMUNITY PREFFERED Respondents that selected Scenario 1 as their preferred land use scenario for the North Fair Oaks Focus Area strongly advocate for preserving this agricultural land and avoiding housing development. Many emphasize the importance of prime farmland for future generations, food production, and environmental sustainability. Commenters also highlight Arroyo Grande’s agricultural heritage and the value of maintaining its rural character, scenic beauty, and historical ties to farming. Additionally, many respondents are concerned about increased traffic if this area is developed, particularly near the high school and major roads like Halcyon Road and Fair Oaks Avenue, which already experience serious traffic congestion. Some commenters were open to increased recreational access. Scenario #2 (Infill Development) Response Summary Similar to those that selected Scenario 1, respondents that selected Scenario 2 as their preferred land use scenario for the North Fair Oaks Focus Area emphasize the importance of preserving prime agricultural and open space to maintain Arroyo Grande’s character and heritage. Respondents in support of Scenario 2 recognize the need for housing and commercial development but feel infill development should be prioritized over converting farmland. Additional concerns include increased traffic and congestion near the high school, flood risks, and infrastructure improvements. Scenario #3 (Residential and Complimentary Uses) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 3 as their preferred land use scenario for North Fair Oaks Focus Area recognize the opportunity this area presents for development in the future and feel this scenario balances growth without overwhelming existing infrastructure, compromising native open space, or changing Arroyo Grande’s character. Respondents like that this scenario provides opportunity for diverse housing options, including apartments, townhomes, and single-family residences, but minimizes commercial development in this area. Many respondents feel developing this area could present opportunities for better connectivity throughout the community, linking neighborhoods to schools, downtown, and the Village. Some respondents expressed concerns regarding traffic, infrastructure improvements, connectivity enhancements, and maintaining the Arroyo Grande Creek riparian area. Some respondents feel this area is an ideal location for community amenities such as a multi-use trail along the creek, sports fields, an exercise park, a permanent farmer’s market square, and community spaces. Scenario #4 (Commercial Focused Approach) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 4 as their preferred land use scenario for the North Fair Oaks Focus Area envision a vibrant, multi-use development near the high school that serves families and teenagers with affordable food options, convenience stores, and recreational spaces. Many feel the area’s central location is optimal for community events, concerts, and holiday celebrations. There is strong interest in a mix of housing and jobs rather than single-family homes or strip malls, with some advocating for commercial development that enhances tourism and economic growth. Overall, respondents emphasize the need for thoughtful development that strengthens the city’s identity and promotes economic development. Page 212 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 7 Frederick Focus Area Survey respondents prefer Scenario 3 (Residential and Complimentary Uses) for the Frederick Focus Area accounting for 41 percent of responses, followed by Scenario 1 (Baseline) with a 31 percent response rate. Scenarios 4 (Commercial Focused Approach) and 2 (Infill Development) received similar response rates, at approximately 14 percent. The following sections include an overview of why respondents selected their preferred scenario. Scenario #1 (Baseline) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 1 as their preferred land use scenario for the Frederick Focus Area emphasize the importance of preserving agricultural land, open space, and Arroyo Grande’s rural character. Concerns include urban sprawl, negative traffic impacts, infrastructure limitations, and environmental harm to local ecosystems and wildlife. While a few respondents suggest limited or carefully planned development, most advocate for focusing growth within existing residential areas rather than expanding outward. Some suggested making part of this area improved open space. Scenario #2 (Infill Development) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 2 as their preferred land use scenario for the Frederick Focus Area support infill development in other areas of the city to accommodate growth and preserving existing farmland and open space. Respondents expressed concerns that developing this area would stress infrastructure demands, increase costs of City services, and cause traffic congestion issues. Scenario #3 (Residential and Complimentary Uses) Response Summary – COMMUNITY PREFFERED Respondents that selected Scenario 3 as their preferred land use scenario for the Frederick Focus Area support residential development in the area, but with differing views on density. Many favor a mix of uses focused primarily on residential development with smaller lot sizes and affordable housing options, emphasizing walkability and a balanced approach to growth. Others prefer new residential development in this area to be lower-density, estate-style housing to preserve the rural character of the area while still providing additional housing options. Most respondents feel any development in the area should be accompanied by parks, recreational areas, or open space areas. 31% 14% 41% 14% Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Page 213 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 8 Concerns about future development in this area include traffic flow, city services, and resource availability. Several comments highlight the need for thoughtful planning to ensure new development enhances the city's livability, tax base, and long-term sustainability. Scenario #4 (Commercial Focused Approach) Response Summary Respondents that selected Scenario 4 as their preferred land use scenario for the Frederick Focus Area like that this scenario provides opportunities for new types of commercial, manufacturing, and light industrial uses in Arroyo Grande. Some see the location as ideal for large-scale manufacturing, business centers, and retail due to its freeway access and does not infringe on already congested roadways. Others suggest a self-contained neighborhood with housing and small retail and personal services businesses (e.g., restaurants, barber shops, pet grooming). There is an interest in using the area to improve truck routing, reducing traffic impacts on the Village. Some respondents expressed concerns about the strain on infrastructure and traffic congestion, especially in connection with Highway 101. Page 214 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 9 Frederick Focus Area Lego Exercise Responses Page 215 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 10 Frederick Focus Area Lego Exercise Responses Continued Page 216 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 11 Frederick Focus Area Lego Exercise Responses Continued Page 217 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 12 North Fair Oaks Focus Area Lego Exercise Responses Page 218 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 13 North Fair Oaks Focus Area Lego Exercise Responses Continued Page 219 of 220 City of Arroyo Grande Geneal Plan Update Land Use Scenarios Survey Results Wednesday, March 12, 2025 14 North Fair Oaks Focus Area Lego Exercise Responses Continued Page 220 of 220