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CC 2021-01-26_10a Project Status Update_Adopt Mitigated Negative Dec_Brisco Halcyon Road Interchange MEMORANDUM TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: WHITNEY MCDONALD, CITY MANAGER/ACTING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR BY: ROBIN DICKERSON, PE, CITY ENGINEER SUBJECT: CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT DATE: JANUARY 26, 2021 SUMMARY OF ACTION: Consideration of a project status report regarding the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project (Project) will provide an update and opportunity for Council and the public to discuss the status and near-term plans for the Project. Adopting the Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) (Attachment 2) will allow staff to complete the Final Project Report with Caltrans and will provide the necessary California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) clearance required to complete the Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED) phase and move into the design phase of the Project, helping to meet certain grant requirements. Issuing a Request for Proposals (RFP) for design will allow a consultant to be hired to complete design of the project. IMPACT ON FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL RESOURCES: The improvements are to be funded with a combination of local funds and State Transportation Improvement Program funding allocated by the San Luis Obispo Council of Governments (SLOCOG). The funding amounts as shown in the Financing plan that was submitted to SLOCOG in September 2019 (Attachment 6) can be found in Table 1 below. It is estimated that the design work contemplated for the roundabout only will cost approximately $1.27 million dollars. The City’s current Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) Budget allocates $1.27 million dollars from the Traffic Impact Fee fund for design work. Item 10.a. - Page 1 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 2 TABLE 1 RECOMMENDATION: It is recommended the City Council: 1. Receive a project status update for the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange modifications project; and 2. Adopt a Resolution (Attachment 1) adopting the MND (Attachment 2) and authorizing the issuance of a Request for Proposals for the design of the Project. BACKGROUND: The Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project (Project) has been underway since the late 1990’s (see Attachment 3). Several alternatives have been explored by the City and agency stakeholders, including Caltrans, for remedying deficiencies at the intersections of West Branch/Brisco, Brisco/US101 Northbound (NB) ramps, El Camino Real/Brisco, West Branch/Camino Mercado/US 101 NB ramps, Grand Avenue/US 101 Southbound (SB) ramps, Grand Avenue/US 101 NB ramps, Rodeo Drive/West Branch and Grand Avenue/West Branch, all of which are addressed by the Project components described in more detail below. As part of the City’s discussions with Caltrans over the years, Caltrans indicated that a number of ancillary improvements are needed as part of the overall Project and should be incorporated into the City’s planning and infrastructure improvement efforts. These improvements were then added to the overall project, as described below. Council direction was received on March 26, 2019, regarding a major component of the Project – the roundabout proposed to be installed at a new intersection of West Branch, Rodeo Drive, and relocation of the Highway 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road to Rodeo Drive. At that time, Council considered two alternatives for improvements to this area, referred to as Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C, and recommended the Project Design Team pursue Alternative 4C that utilized the roundabout approach (see Attachment 4, Staff Report from the March 29, 2019 meeting). Amount 30,000$ 6,624,000$ 1,150,000$ 2,000,000$ 959,183$ 7,254,500$ 18,017,683$ Debt Financing Total Signal Impact Fees Funding Source Regional State Highway Account State Transportation Improvement Program (Regional Funds) Local Use Sales Tax Sales Tax Fund Transportation Impact Fees Item 10.a. - Page 2 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 3 The Project includes the following three components:  Roundabout Component - Construction of this component currently includes an installation of a single lane Roundabout at West Branch and Rodeo Dr. It also includes new northbound 101 on and off ramps, a new park and ride, relocation of a temporary building and reconfiguration of parking at the Library/County Government Center, five (5) retaining walls, realignment of West Branch, realignment of Grace Lane and Rodeo Drive Intersection (not pictured below), and reworking of Brisco from El Camino Real to West Branch. The anticipated cost for Phase 1 as it is currently proposed is estimated at $25.9 million dollars. Figure 1 –Installation of the Round About at West Branch and Rodeo  Sound Wall Component – This component of the Project includes the construction of 2 sound walls at the locations depicted in the photo below. The sound walls will range in height from 8 to 12 feet. The cost of the proposed sound walls is estimated to be approximately $1 million dollars. Staff will complete additional community outreach and analysis of the need for this phase of the Project before design or construction work is proposed for this phase. Item 10.a. - Page 3 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 4 Figure 2 – Sound Wall Locations  Grand Avenue Southbound 101 on/off ramp Component - This component of the Project includes the realignment of the southbound 101 off ramp and modifications to Grand Avenue and southbound 101 on ramp. Costs for this portion of the Project are estimated to be $1.6 million dollars. Staff is currently working on a Circulation Element Update, which will identify this component as a future CIP project and look at developing future impact fees to assist in paying for this component. Figure 3 –Highway 101 South Bound On Ramp at Grand Avenue Item 10.a. - Page 4 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 5 In December 2011, the SLOCOG Board adopted the 2012 Regional Transportation Improvement Program (RTIP), which programmed $5,624,000 in State Transportation Improvement Program – Regional Improvement Program (STIP-RIP) funding for the construction of the Project. The California Transportation Commission (CTC) adopted the funding recommendations of the 2012 RTIP in March 2012 as part of the 2012 State Transportation Improvement Program. In December 2013, the SLOCOG Board adopted the 2014 RTIP, which increased the STIP-RIP funding for this Project by $1,000,000 for a total of $6,624,000. The funding recommendations of the 2014 RTIP were adopted by the CTC in February 2014 as part of the 2014 STIP. The funding for this Project was reaffirmed through subsequent RTIP and STIP cycles in 2016 and 2018. Subject to the condition that a Council-approved financing plan identifying this Project as fully funded (design and construction) be received by SLOCOG by September 23, 2019. City staff prepared and submitted a financing plan to SLOCOG in September 2019 and SLOCOG recommended that existing funding levels for this Project be maintained in the 2020 Regional Transportation Improvement Program (RTIP). Since the Council recommendation in March 2019, City staff, the City’s consultant, Wood Rodgers, and Caltrans have completed several rounds of review and revisions to the Project environmental documents (including the IS/MND required by CEQA and an Environmental Assessment required by the National Environmental Quality Act (NEPA)), Development Design Standards (previously Design Exceptions), and, Final Project Report (Attachment 5). This process was lengthy and required significant coordination by the Project Design Team, including City staff and the City’s consultant, Wood Rodgers. At this time, Caltrans has approved the Development Design Standards and the Final Project report has been submitted to Caltrans for final review and approval. Caltrans’ approval of the Final Project Report will complete the Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED) phase of the Project. Council adoption of the MND is needed to complete this phase. In addition, the City must complete the PA&ED phase and move forward with the Plans, Specifications and Estimate (PS&E) phase of the Project to ensure that the $6.6 million in State Transportation Improvement Funds allocated by SLOCOG will remain available to the City. Providing authorization to staff to prepare and issue the RFP for design of the roundabout component will move the Project to the PS&E phase. ANALYSIS OF ISSUES: Ongoing Need for the Project The purpose of the Project is to maximize the efficiency of the existing State and local roadway systems to better serve the needs of commuter traffic within the City. Therefore, the purpose of the Project is also to correct ramp and mainline operations on US 101 at the US 101/Brisco-Halcyon Road interchange to improve traffic flow and enhance safety for the local and interregional movement of people and goods. While the purpose and need for the Project remains unchanged, more recent traffic studies continue to support Item 10.a. - Page 5 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 6 the findings of the original traffic study. A Traffic Forecasting and Operational Analysis for the Project was completed in September 2012 under existing conditions (2015) and Future Design Year Conditions (2035) to evaluate potential level of service needs, deficiencies, and requirements. The Analysis considered intersection operations, mainline freeway and ramp junction operations, freeway weaving, local road queuing, and safety. Although some of the intersections were currently operating within acceptable limits, Level of Service (LOS) C or above, at the time of the report, the projections showed that several of the intersections would operate at a level D or below by 2035. These intersections included West Branch/Camino Mercado/NB US 101, Brisco Road/ El Camino Real, Brisco Road/NB US 101, Grand Avenue/SB US 101, and Grand Avenue/West Branch. The level of service at the ramp intersections of the Brisco Road and Halcyon Road interchanges are forecast to deteriorate to unacceptable levels by year 2020. Queues that exceeded available storage were seen at the Brisco Road/El Camino Real, Brisco Road/NB US101 Ramps and Grand Avenue/SB 101 Ramps. The close spacing of these intersections and the confined width of Brisco Road under the freeway undercrossing structure render it impractical to provide additional storage to remedy the queueing problems. In addition, the US 101 southbound off ramp to Brisco Road and the US 101 northbound off-ramp to Camino Mercado showed a “Total” actual collision rates that exceeded their respective Statewide averages during the three-year period between 4/1/2012 and3/31/2015. Since 2012, additional traffic studies have been completed for projects in and around the City supporting the conclusions of the 2012 Analysis. These studies are as follow:  Brisco Road US 101 NB Ramps Closure Traffic Analysis (2016). This study was completed to evaluate the redistribution of traffic due to an extended closure of the Brisco Road US 101 NB on- and off-Ramps. The temporary closure of the US 101 Northbound ramps at Brisco Road had resulted in a significant increase in delay in the AM peak hour at the W. Branch Street/E. Grand Avenue intersection, currently operating at LOS F. In addition, the closure reduced the level of service at the W. Branch Street/US 101 NB ramps/Camino Mercado intersection from LOS B to LOS D in the PM peak hour.  El Campo Road/South County Freeway Conversion - Traffic Displacement Assessment (March 2019). This study shows the level of service for Brisco Road/US 101 ramps and the Brisco/El Camino Real intersection will have LOS of D and E at build-out year 2035. The assessment also concluded that queuing lengths will significantly exceed available queuing pockets, impacting adjacent intersections  Circulation Element update (In Process). The City is currently preparing an update to its Circulation Element and, as part of that process, 2019 traffic data was compiled to prepare an assessment of the City’s existing circulation infrastructure. This assessment continues to list the current level of service for the Highway 101 Item 10.a. - Page 6 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 7 northbound on and off ramps at Brisco at an LOS “D” with delays approaching 1 minute. It is anticipated that service levels will continue to decline as growth rates continue to increase, taking the LOS down further to an E or F. These delays will continue to cause people to find alternate routes and potentially impact other roadways and intersections.  Systemic Safety Analysis Report (SSAR) (In Process, 2019 data). This report is nearing completion, and, using 2019 traffic data, ranks the Brisco/West Branch intersection as the City’s third worst intersection for crash rates. The West Branch Road Segment from Brisco to East Branch is the fourth worst crash rate for road segments in the City. As of July 1, 2020, SB 743 went into effect amending CEQA Guidelines for measuring a project’s transportation impacts. Under these new guidelines, automobile delay, traditionally measured as level of service (LOS), will no longer be considered an environmental impact under CEQA. Instead, lead agencies are required to measure transportation impacts in terms of Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT). While LOS or other measures of roadway congestion are no longer accepted as CEQA metrics for transportation analysis, local agencies may continue to require LOS analysis as a local requirement for evaluating a project’s consistency with their general plans. Staff recommended that the City continue to apply LOS analysis thresholds, as established in the City’s General Plan, Circulation Element, and Traffic Impact Analysis Report (TIAR) Guidelines, to support an evaluation and determination of a project’s consistency with the City’s General Plan, and this approach was incorporated into the City’s adopted VMT Thresholds of Significance policy (Resolution No. 5030). While projects might no longer create significant impacts to transportation for CEQA purposes even if they increase congestion at certain infrastructure improvements, LOS remains relevant under the City’s General Plan and measures impacts to the City’s infrastructure, safety, and experience of congestion. Project-level LOS analysis will be required consistent with the City’s TIAR Guidelines, which require focused traffic analysis for development projects that generate projected trips during any peak hour equal to or greater than 20 trips during either the weekday AM or PM peak hour, or the weekend peak hour. As described above, recent studies continue to indicate that LOS at the areas addressed by the Project are at unacceptable levels and are likely to continue to decline. Traffic analyses prepared for future land use projects are likely to identify problems at these intersections, raising potential General Plan inconsistencies if no project is available to remedy the problems. Funding Plan and Considerations In September 2019, Staff prepared and submitted a financing plan to SLOCOG identifying the available funding sources for the Project (Attachment 6). Because the Project not only addresses solutions to Arroyo Grande’s street network deficiencies but also addresses ongoing regional impacts to this network, the funding for this Project has multiple revenue participants. The table below indicates funding currently available to the Item 10.a. - Page 7 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 8 Project: Table 2 As indicated in Table 2, a portion of the funding for the Project is planned to come from Local Sales Tax revenue. In November 2006, the voters of Arroyo Grande approved Measure O-06, which established a half-cent local sales tax to meet City needs identified in the City’s Long Range Financial Plan. Information regarding Measure O-06 identified a number of Transportation Improvements anticipated to be funded using revenue from the measure. The list of improvements included the Brisco – Halcyon/Highway 101 Interchange and E. Grand Avenue/W. Branch Street Intersection, indicating an annual debt service of $400,000 per year for 20 years. Although the revenue received from this sales tax measure would be deposited in the City’s General Fund and could be used for any purpose, the voters also participated in advisory votes to voice their opinions regarding the use of revenue from the proposed new sales tax on specific items. One of the advisory measures was specific to the Project and asked the voters whether a portion of the Measure O-06 funds should be used to fund the Project. 70.46% (4,810) of voters responded “yes” and 29.54% (2,017) of voters responded “no.” The City allocates revenue from Measure O-06 and statewide sales tax each year to specific infrastructure projects identified in the City’s CIP. Table 2 identifies the sales tax revenue allocated to the Project since, including Local Sales Tax revenue from Measure O-06. In addition to sales tax revenue, the Project is anticipated to be funded in part by Transportation Impact Fees and Signal Impact Fees. These fees are collected from new development to offset their projects’ contribution to impacts at the Project intersections. To date, $2 million of Transportation Impact Fees have been allocated to the Project and it is anticipated that $959,183 in Signal Impact Fees will be allocated to the Project in future CIP budgets. To date, $9,104,000 has been set aside to fund completion of the Project, as indicated in Table 2 above. Another $1,659,183 is allocated for this Project in the current CIP budget in future fiscal years. The remainder of the funds is anticipated to come from debt financing. Current Future Totals 30,000$ 30,000.00$ 6,624,000$ 6,624,000.00$ 450,000$ 700,000.00$ 1,150,000.00$ 2,000,000$ 2,000,000.00$ 959,183$ 959,183.00$ 9,104,000$ 1,659,183.00$ 10,763,183.00$ Regional State Highway Account State Transportation Improvement Program (Regional Funds) Local Use Sales Tax Sales Tax Fund Funding Source Transportation Impact Fees Subtotal Signal Impact Fees Item 10.a. - Page 8 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 9 Phasing Plan Roundabout Component and Estimated Cost As the Project moves into the PS&E Phase, staff will look for opportunities to achieve the Project goals in the most affordable manner possible. To assist in reducing overall project construction costs, staff is recommending the Project be considered in three components. The three phases proposed are as follows:  Roundabout  Sound Walls  Grand Avenue SB ramps The Sound Wall and Grand Avenue SB ramp components are currently shown as separate from the Roundabout Component in the Final Project Report under review by Caltrans and are proposed to be designed and constructed independently at a later date when future funding becomes available. For this reason, Staff is recommending moving forward with the Roundabout Component only and will focus the rest of this staff report on this component discussion. In moving into design of the Roundabout Component, the design team will be given an opportunity to value engineer the Project and to determine if some of the components of the Roundabout Component can be designed or deferred to further reduce the cost of the initial construction. This will include evaluation of the proposed components to see if they can be removed, reduced, or deferred, thereby reducing the initial project costs. For instance, the 5 retaining walls currently included in the Roundabout Component are estimated to cost over $6 million dollars. If these walls were reduced or removed, the cost of construction would be significantly reduced. Another Roundabout Component that may be value-engineered is the renaming of a portion of Rodeo Drive and realignment of Rodeo Drive and Grace Lane, which is estimated to cost approximately $2 million dollars. This Project component was requested by some of the residents in the area, but the need has not been substantiated through modeling runs of traffic flows. These are just two examples of the types of analysis that will occur during design of the Roundabout Component, which may result in significant cost savings to the overall Project. Table 3 Component Cost Roundabout 25,900,000$   Retaining Walls (3,075,000)$   Rodeo/Grace Realign (2,000,000)$   Right of Way (2,000,000)$   Park and Ride (1,000,000)$   Total 17,825,000$   Item 10.a. - Page 9 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 10 During the Council Project update in March 2019, staff provided estimated construction costs for the roundabout component to be approximately $19,600,000. With the finalization of the Project Report, it was determined that these costs should be updated based on changes in construction costs between 2105 and 2020. The roundabout component is now estimated to cost $25,900,000. Through value-engineering and final design, staff will work to reduce construction costs to a number closer to the available funds as shown in Table 2. Staff is recommending that Council authorize the issuance of an RFP for design work that is limited to the Roundabout Component, which will allow further refinement of the various facilities and a final cost of construction. Next Steps: The following steps will need to be completed in order to complete the PA&ED phase and move forward with the PS&E phase:  Comments on the Final Project report are received.  Comments are addressed and an updated Project report submitted to Caltrans with the City adopted IS/MND.  Project Report is approved by Caltrans.  Final Project Report is routed for signature. (PA&ED Phase completed)  PS&E Phase begins – Staff prepares and issues RFP for design of the Roundabout Component  Award of PS&E Contract for the Roundabout Component (Design Begins) ALTERNATIVES: The following alternatives are provided for the Council's consideration: 1. Adopt a Resolution adopting the MND and authorizing staff to prepare and issue an RFP for design for Phase 1 of the Project; 2. Adopt a Resolution adopting the MND and authorizing staff to prepare and issue an RFP for design for more than Phase 1 the Project, as directed by Council; 3. Adopt a Resolution adopting the MND but do not authorize staff to prepare and issue an RFP for design; 4. Do not adopt the Resolution and request further information; or 5. Provide direction to staff. ADVANTAGES: Adopting the IS/MND for the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project will allow staff to complete the PA&ED phase and move into the design phase for the Brisco- Halcyon Road Interchange Project. Moving into the PS&E phase will allow the City to continue securing the $6.6 million of State funds allocated by SLOCOG for the Project. Item 10.a. - Page 10 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE, ADOPTION OF THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND AUTHORIZATION TO PREPARE AND ISSUE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR DESIGN OF THE BRISCO- HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT JANUARY 26, 2021 PAGE 11 DISADVANTAGES: Delaying approval of the MND and authorization to issue an RFP for design work will jeopardize programmed funding of State Transportation Improvement Funding of $6.6 million that has been secured for construction of the Project. Direction to cancel further work toward the Project may impact further funding opportunities in the future and may strain relationships with Caltrans and SLOCOG on future projects. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: This Project is subject to both the CEQA and National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The City is lead agency for the CEQA review and prepared the IS/MND. Caltrans is the lead agency for the NEPA review and the Environmental Assessment with findings of no significant impact has been prepared. The IS/MND was prepared by SWCA under contract with Wood Rodgers and reviewed by both the City and Caltrans. Both documents were circulated for a 30-day public comment period, during which a public workshop was held on April 26, 2018. The draft IS/MND was updated to incorporate public comment and identify the preferred Alternative 4C per Council recommendation and the Project Design Team approval, and was again reviewed and approved by Caltrans and City staff. The IS/MND has been prepared in accordance with the CEQA, Public Resources Code §21000 et seq., and the State CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations (CCR) §15000 et seq. The IS/MND is now proposed for adoption with the recommended action on this item. The IS/MND has identified 8 areas of potential impact that require mitigation measures: agricultural resources, air quality, biological resources, cultural resources, hazard and hazardous materials, hydrology and water quality, Land Use, Public Services, and Transportation/Traffic. The MND includes analyses of each potential impact, proposed mitigation measures, and required monitoring plans. PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND COMMENTS: The Agenda was posted at City Hall and on the City’s website in accordance with Government Code Section 54954.2 Attachments: 1. Proposed Resolution 2. Exhibit A to the Resolution - Initial Study /Mitigated Negative Declaration 3. Background Summary 4. Staff Report from the March 26, 2019 Council meeting regarding selection of a preferred alternative 5. Brisco Road-Halcyon Road Final Project Report (distributed to Council under separate cover and available on the City website for public review) 6. Financing Plan Submitted to SLOCOG 9-27-2019 Item 10.a. - Page 11 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ARROYO GRANDE ADOPTING THE INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT AND AUTHORIZATION TO ISSUE A REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL FOR DESIGN WORK WHEREAS, in January 2005, the Council approved a Consultant Services Agreement with Wood Rodgers to prepare the required Final Project Report and supporting environmental documents for several alternatives for the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project (“Project”); and WHEREAS, on March 10, 2015, the Council selected two alternatives with which to proceed for completion of the draft environmental study for the Project; and WHEREAS, on April 26, 2018, a public workshop was held for review and comments of the draft environmental documents; and WHEREAS, on March 26, 2019, the Council received a status update for the Project and after a lengthy deliberation recommended Alternative 4C as the preferred alternative for the Project; and WHEREAS, planning for the Project has progressed to the point that the City intends to issue a Request for Proposals (RFP) for design work; and WHEREAS, the Council has reviewed the Initial Study-Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS-MND) for the Project in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the State CEQA Guidelines, and the Arroyo Grande Rules and Procedures for Implementation of CEQA, which supports the issuance of an RFP for design work; and WHEREAS, based upon all evidence in the record before it, the City Council hereby adopts the following CEQA Findings in support of the Project: 1. The Initial Study-Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS-MND) was prepared and circulated for public review in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and the State CEQA Guidelines, reflects the lead agency’s independent judgment and analysis, and adequately addresses potential environmental impacts associated with the proposed Project; and 2. There is no substantial evidence that the Project will have a significant effect on the environment as mitigated in accordance with the measures identified in the IS- MND; and 3. All potentially significant environmental effects were analyzed adequately in the referenced IS-MND, subject to the mitigation measures identified in the IS-MND being incorporated into the Project and subject to the mitigation monitoring program identified in the IS-MND, which are hereby incorporated herein in their entirety. ATTACHMENT 1 Item 10.a. - Page 12 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 2 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the City Council of the City of Arroyo Grande hereby adopts the Mitigated Negative Declaration as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto, with the above findings and subject to the mitigation measures included in the Mitigated Negative Declaration. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Arroyo Grande hereby authorizes the issuance of an RFP for design work for the Project. On motion of Council Member , seconded by Council Member , and on the following roll call vote, to wit: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: the foregoing Resolution was passed and adopted this 26th day of January, 2021. Item 10.a. - Page 13 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 3 CAREN RAY RUSSOM, MAYOR ATTEST: _____ ANNAMARIE PORTER, INTERIM CITY CLERK APPROVED AS TO CONTENT: WHITNEY McDONALD, CITY MANAGER APPROVED AS TO FORM: TIMOTHY J. CARMEL, CITY ATTORNEY Item 10.a. - Page 14 INITIAL STUDY/ PROPOSED MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project City of Arroyo Grande, County of San Luis Obispo, California 05-SLO-101-PM 13.1/14.6; EA 05-0A370 Project ID 0500000008 September January 2020February 2018 ATTACHMENT 2 EXHIBIT A Item 10.a. - Page 15 Item 10.a. - Page 16 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 3 of 152 Project: Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Lead Agency: The City of Arroyo Grande (City) is the lead agency under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) is the federal lead agency under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). A separate NEPA compliance document has been prepared and is circulating concurrently with this IS/MND. Document Availability: • City of Arroyo Grande Community Development Department 300 East Branch Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 • Arroyo Grande Library 800 West Branch Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 • California Department of Transportation, District 5 50 Higuera Street San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 • http://www.arroyogrande.org/ • http://www.dot.ca.gov/d5 Project Description: Operational deficiencies at the northbound US 101 on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road, and nearby intersections, currently cause severe congestion at the Brisco Road undercrossing, resulting in queue spillover onto adjacent roadways, particularly West Branch Street. The purpose of the proposed Brisco- Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project is to provide congestion relief, alleviate queuing, and improve the traffic operations of the regional and local street system in the vicinity of US 101. The purpose is also to continue to accommodate access to existing and planned local development along West Branch Street and El Camino Real in the City. To achieve this stated purpose, the project should seek to provide direct access from US 101 to and from the commercial, governmental and recreational facilities along West Branch Street and El Camino Real and to reduce congestion and queuing at the Brisco Road undercrossing intersections and along Grand Avenue. The project would be designed such that it would not preclude the ultimate widening of US 101 or future improvements at any of the affected intersections within the project area. The City of Arroyo Grande, in coordination with Caltrans, proposes modifications and improvements to the US 101 interchanges at Brisco-Halcyon Road, Grand Avenue, and/or Camino Mercado in the City of Arroyo Grande. The City and Caltrans have discussed numerous project design alternatives over the last decade, many of which were determined to be infeasible due to geographical limitations or traffic conditions. Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C, described in more detail below, have been carried forward for a review that is more detailed. Item 10.a. - Page 17 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 4 of 152 Alternative 1 proposes closure of the northbound US 101 on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and modifications to the adjacent interchanges at Grand Avenue and Camino Mercado. Alternative 4C proposes closure of the on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and modifications to the Grand Avenue interchange, and also proposes construction of new US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps and a new US 101 ramps/Grace Lane/West Branch Street intersection at an immediately adjacent location to replace the ramps being removed at Brisco Road. The new intersection of the new on- and off-ramps and the local road system would consist of a single lane roundabout. The project would also include the installation of soundwalls on the southbound side of US 101 between the Oak Park Boulevard interchange and Stonecrest Drive and between the Halcyon Road on-ramp and the Grand Avenue off-ramp. On March 26, 2019, after the close of the 30-day public comment period for the Draft Initial Study and Proposed Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND), the City Council selected Alternative 4C as the Locally Preferred Alternative. With this selection, the City Council also voted to phase/postponedefer certain improvements until additional funding is available. Project components to be phased to a later date were determined to have independent utility and not necessary to meet the project’s purpose and need, and include: (1) the physical improvements to the US 101/East Grand Avenue interchange; and (2) the soundwalls along the southbound side of US 101. The physical improvements to the US 101/Grand Avenue interchange, including the realignment of the US 101 southbound ramps to form a four-legged intersection, would be postponed to a later date deferred until additional funding can be secured. Although the physical improvements would be postponeddeferred, signal timing improvements would be implemented during the initial project phase to improve operational efficiency at the interchange. The construction of the soundwalls on the southbound side of US 101 would also be phased until additional funding is available. All project components are anticipated to be completed by the design year (2035). Summary Document Preparation: Pursuant to Section 21082.1 of the California Environmental Quality Act, the City of Arroyo Grande (the City) has independently reviewed and analyzed the Initial Study and Proposed Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) for the proposed project and finds that these documents reflect the independent judgment of the City. The City, as lead agency, also confirms that the project mitigation measures detailed in these documents are feasible and will be implemented as stated in the IS/MND. ______________________________________ September 21, 2020 Prepared by: Emily Creel, JD Date SWCA Environmental Consultants, Environmental Planner ______________________________________ Reviewed by: Whitney McDonald Date Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 18 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 5 of 152 Table of Contents: 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction and Regulatory Guidance .................................................................................................. 7 Lead Agency ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Agency Roles........................................................................................................................................... 7 Environmental Compliance Documentation .......................................................................................... 7 Purpose and Document Organization .................................................................................................... 8 Summary of Findings .............................................................................................................................. 8 2. Project Description ................................................................................................................................. 9 Project Location ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Project Background and Purpose ........................................................................................................... 9 Project Description ............................................................................................................................... 12 Other Required Public Agency Approvals ............................................................................................ 22 Related Projects .................................................................................................................................... 22 3. Environmental Checklist ....................................................................................................................... 23 Project Information .............................................................................................................................. 23 Environmental Factors Potentially Affected ........................................................................................ 24 Determination ...................................................................................................................................... 24 Evaluation of Environmental Impacts .................................................................................................. 25 4. Environmental Issues ........................................................................................................................... 26 I. Aesthetics .......................................................................................................................................... 26 II. Agriculture and Forestry Resources ................................................................................................. 28 III. Air Quality ........................................................................................................................................ 34 IV. Biological Resources ........................................................................................................................ 39 V. Cultural Resources ............................................................................................................................ 48 VI. Geology and Soils ............................................................................................................................ 53 VII. Greenhouse Gas Emissions & Energy ............................................................................................. 55 VIII. Hazards, Hazardous Materials, & Wildfire .................................................................................... 58 IX Hydrology and Water Quality ........................................................................................................... 65 X. Land Use and Planning ..................................................................................................................... 72 XI. Mineral Resources ........................................................................................................................... 82 XII. Noise ............................................................................................................................................... 82 XIII. Population and Housing ................................................................................................................ 86 XIV. Public Services ............................................................................................................................... 88 Item 10.a. - Page 19 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 6 of 152 XV. Recreation ...................................................................................................................................... 92 XVI. Transportation/Traffic ................................................................................................................... 93 XVII. Utilities and Service Systems ........................................................................................................ 98 5. Mandatory Findings of Significance ................................................................................................... 100 6. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program ................................................................................. 102 7. References .......................................................................................................................................... 148 Appendices: Appendix A. Farmland Conversion Impact Rating Form NRCS-CPA-106 and Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA) Worksheets Item 10.a. - Page 20 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 7 of 152 1. Introduction Introduction and Regulatory Guidance This Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) has been prepared by the City of Arroyo Grande (the City) to evaluate the potential environmental effects of the proposed Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project. This document has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), Public Resources Code §21000 et seq., and the State CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations (CCR) §15000 et seq. An Initial Study is conducted by a lead agency to determine if a project may have a significant effect on the environment (CEQA Guidelines §15063). If there is substantial evidence that a project may have a significant effect on the environment, an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) must be prepared, in accordance with CEQA Guidelines §15064(a). However, if the lead agency determines that revisions in the project plans or proposals made by or agreed to by the applicant mitigate the potentially significant effects to a less-than-significant level, a Mitigated Negative Declaration may be prepared instead of an EIR (CEQA Guidelines §15070). The lead agency prepares a written statement describing the reasons a proposed project would not have a significant effect on the environment and, therefore, why an EIR need not be prepared. This IS/MND conforms to the content requirements under CEQA Guidelines §15071. Lead Agency The lead agency is the public agency with primary approval authority over the proposed project. In accordance with CEQA Guidelines §15051(b)(1), "the lead agency will normally be an agency with general governmental powers, such as a city or county, rather than an agency with a single or limited purpose.” The lead agency for the proposed project is the City of Arroyo Grande for compliance with CEQA and Caltrans is the lead agency for compliance with NEPA (a separate NEPA document has been prepared and is being separately circulated, as discussed below). The contact person for the CEQA lead agency is: Whitney McDonaldBill RobesonTeresa McClish, AICP Acting Community Development Director City of Arroyo Grande 300 E. Branch Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 T: (805) 473-54206620 E: wmcdonaldbrobeson@arroyogrande.org tmcclish@arroyogrande.org Agency Roles The City of Arroyo Grande has taken on the role of implementing all phases of this project and therefore is managing the scope, cost, and schedule of each project component. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) as the owners and operators of the highway facility must review and authorize all proposed modifications. Environmental Compliance Documentation Separate environmental documents have been prepared: this Initial Study with Proposed Mitigated Negative Declaration that complies with CEQA and state environmental laws, and an Environmental Assessment (EA) that complies with NEPA and other federal environmental laws. Item 10.a. - Page 21 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 8 of 152 Purpose and Document Organization The purpose of this document is to evaluate the potential environmental effects of the proposed project. Mitigation measures have been identified and incorporated into the project to eliminate or reduce any potentially significant impacts to a less-than-significant level. This document is organized as follows: 1. Introduction – This chapter provides an introduction to the project and describes the purpose and organization of this document. 2. Project Description – This chapter describes the background and scope of the project, all proposed project components, and identifies project objectives. 3. Environmental Checklist – This chapter summarizes the project and the environmental issues to be considered, and describes the process for evaluation of environmental impacts. 4. Environmental Setting, Potential Impacts, and Mitigation Measures – This chapter explains the environmental setting for each environmental issue area, identifies the significance of potential environmental impacts, and evaluates the potential impacts identified in the CEQA Environmental (Initial Study) Checklist. Mitigation measures are incorporated, where appropriate, to reduce potentially significant impacts to a less-than-significant level. 5. Mandatory Findings of Significance – This chapter identifies and summarizes the overall significance of any potential impacts to natural and cultural resources, cumulative impacts, and impact to humans, as identified in the Initial Study. 6. Summary of Mitigation Measures – This chapter summarizes the mitigation measures incorporated into the project as a result of the Initial Study. 7. References – This chapter identifies the references and sources used in the preparation of this IS/MND. Summary of Findings Section 3 of this document contains the Environmental (Initial Study) Checklist that identifies the potential environmental impacts (by environmental issue) and contains a brief discussion of each potential impact that would result from implementation of the proposed project. In accordance with §15064(f) of the CEQA Guidelines, a Mitigated Negative Declaration shall be prepared if the proposed project will not have a significant effect on the environment after the inclusion of mitigation measures in the project. Based on the available project information and the environmental analysis presented in this document, there is no substantial evidence that, after the incorporation of identified mitigation measures, the proposed project would have a significant effect on the environment. It is proposed that a Mitigated Negative Declaration be adopted in accordance with the CEQA Guidelines. Item 10.a. - Page 22 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 9 of 152 2. Project Description Project Location The proposed project extends along an approximately 1.5-mile stretch of U.S. Highway 101 (US 101) in the city of Arroyo Grande. The project corridor begins just north of Arroyo Grande Creek (near the Grand Avenue overpass) and extends northwest toward the City of Pismo Beach. It includes the northbound US 101 intersections at Grand Avenue, Brisco Road, and Camino Mercado (refer to Figures 1 and 2). The city of Arroyo Grande is situated in southwestern San Luis Obispo County, in the Arroyo Grande Valley, approximately 15 miles south of the city of San Luis Obispo and 10 miles north of the Santa Barbara County line. Project Background and Purpose Operational deficiencies at the northbound US 101 on- and off-ramp/Brisco Road intersection, and nearby intersections, currently cause severe congestion at the Brisco Road undercrossing, resulting in queue spillover onto adjacent roadways. The purpose of the project is to provide congestion relief, alleviate queuing, and improve the traffic operations of the regional and local street system in the vicinity of US 101 in the city. The purpose is also to continue to accommodate access to existing and planned local development. The project is needed to correct existing operational deficiencies in the project area. Increasing traffic demand due to increasing development in and around the city, lack of alternative routes, limited freeway crossing opportunities, and non-standard existing roadway geometrics combine to cause escalating congestion and safety concerns within the project area. The levels of service at the northbound and southbound ramp intersections of the Brisco-Halcyon Road interchange are forecast to deteriorate to unacceptable levels by year 2020. Existing interchange and ramp spacing along US 101 in the project area do not meet current standards. Ramp closures and associated improvements to adjacent interchanges have been evaluated as a means of improving traffic operations. The project is needed to maximize the efficiency of the existing State and local roadway systems to better serve the needs of commuter traffic within the city. To achieve the project purpose to an adequate degree this project should: • Provide direct access from US 101 to and from the commercial, governmental, and recreational facilities along West Branch Street; • Reduce congestion and queuing at the Brisco-Halcyon Road interchange and along East Grand Avenue; and, • Correct ramp and mainline operation on US 101 at the Brisco-Halcyon Road interchange. The City of Arroyo Grande (City), in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), proposes modifications and improvements to the US 101 intersections at Brisco-Halcyon Road, Grand Avenue, and/or Camino Mercado in the City of Arroyo Grande. Numerous design alternatives have been discussed over the last decade, many of which were determined to be infeasible due to traffic issues or geographical limitations. Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C, described in more detail below, are now being carried forward for more detailed review. On March 26, 2019, the City Council selected Alternative 4C as the Locally Preferred Alternative. Item 10.a. - Page 23 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 10 of 152 Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map Item 10.a. - Page 24 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 11 of 152 Figure 2. Project Location Map Item 10.a. - Page 25 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 12 of 152 Alternative 1 proposes closure of the northbound US 101 on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and modifications to the adjacent interchanges at Grand Avenue and Camino Mercado. Alternative 4C proposes closure of the on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and modifications to the Grand Avenue interchange, and also proposes construction of new US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps and a new US 101 ramps/Grace Lane/West Branch Street intersection at an immediately adjacent location to replace the ramps being removed at Brisco Road. This intersection would include a single-lane roundabout. The project has been presented before the Arroyo Grande City Council and Traffic Commission in various meetings since 2009. The City held a public meeting in the spring of 2011 to allow community members the opportunity to discuss and comment on the project. The meeting was publicly noticed and very well attended, with an estimated 80 to 100 community members attending. The main concern expressed by community members was increased traffic on Rodeo Drive (although traffic projections and modeling indicate that no increase in traffic on Rodeo Drive would occur). The City has established a Council Sub- Committee for the project, which meets on a periodic basis with local and regional stakeholders. Project Description Two build alternatives were are being considered to address the project objectives (Alternatives 1 and 4C). On March 26, 2019, after the close of the 30-day public comment period for the Draft IS/MND, the City Council selected Alternative 4C as the Locally Preferred Alternative because it would best achieve the project purpose to improve the traffic operations of the regional and local street system and provide better access from US 101 to and from the commercial, governmental, and recreational facilities along West Branch Street. Caltrans concurs with the City of Arroyo Grande determination and has formally adopted Alternative 4C as the Preferred Alternative. Although Alternative 4C has been identified by the City Council as the Locally Preferred Alternative, bBoth alternatives are considered equally in this Initial Study to provide the City decision makers with the CEQA documentation and environmental clearances necessary should they decide to approve Alternative 1 either alternative. Ultimately, alternative selection and project approval would be made by the Project Development Team, which includes the City, Caltrans, and their consultant teams. Both build alternatives would require a superseding Freeway Agreement between Caltrans and the City of Arroyo Grande. The two build alternatives carried forward for analysis are detailed below and shown in Figures 3a, 3b, and 3c. Alternative 1 Alternative 1 proposes the removal of the US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and improvements to the adjacent East Grand Avenue interchange to the south and the Camino Mercado intersection to the north. Alternative 1 includes the following design elements, which are shown on Figure 3a: • CThe phased cConstruction of an additional left-turn lane on the northbound off-ramp at the East Grand Avenue/US 101 northbound ramps intersection and provision of an exclusive right-turn lane on the westbound approach. • RThe phased rRelocation of the US 101 southbound on-ramp at Grand Avenue to opposite the existing US 101 southbound off-ramp approach, and associated traffic signal phasing modifications. This would also include installation of a double 54-inch concrete pipe culvert to carry storm water under the realigned ramp. Item 10.a. - Page 26 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 13 of 152 • WThe phased wWidening of East Grand Avenue, including the East Grand Avenue overcrossing through both ramp intersections, to provide 12-foot lanes, eight-foot shoulders, and six-foot sidewalks, which would provide upgraded pedestrian and bicycle facilities. There are currently no bicycle facilities on the Grand Avenue Overcrossing. • RThe phased rReconstruction of the southbound US 101 pavement under the Grand Avenue overcrossing on a lower profile to provide 15’0” vertical clearance under the bridge. • Improvements to the northbound US 101 on-ramp/Camino Mercado/West Branch Street intersection. These improvements include widening and restriping the northbound West Branch Street approach to provide a second northbound left-turn lane to the US 101 northbound on- ramp and modifying the northbound on-ramp to provide dual receiving lanes that merge to a single lane with a 950+-foot auxiliary lane on northbound US 101. Provisions for future ramp metering would be provided on the US 101 northbound on-ramp. • Closure and removal of US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and removal of the associated traffic signal equipment. • Reconstruction of Brisco Road between El Camino Real and West Branch Street on a lower profile to provide 15’0” vertical clearance at the Brisco Road undercrossing. • At the Brisco Road/El Camino Real intersection, restriping to provide for one exclusive left-turn lane and one shared through-right lane for the southbound Brisco Road undercrossing approach to El Camino Real. With this improvement, the existing Brisco Road three-lane undercrossing would be re-striped to accommodate two southbound lanes and one northbound lane. At the Brisco Road/West Branch Street intersection, one left-turn lane and one shared left-right turn pocket (at least 100 feet long) would be constructed for the northbound approach. Preliminary operational analysis indicates that the existing three-lane undercrossing, with the above-noted restriping modifications, would provide acceptable operating conditions at the Brisco Road intersections with El Camino Real and West Branch Street. • Permanent storm water treatment Best Management Practices (BMPs) would be constructed within the City-owned portion of this alternative. • No permanent storm water treatment BMPs would be constructed within the Caltrans-owned portions of this alternative. Fill at the northwest quadrant of the US 101/Grand Avenue interchange would cover part of an existing bio-strip. Hydroseed and compost would be placed to restore the existing bio-strip. • Slopes along the area of the northbound ramps at Brisco Road would be re-graded to blend with adjacent slopes and revegetated with plantings similar to what is present along the freeway fringes and interchange areas. • The areas to both sides of the realigned southbound on-ramp at Grand Avenue would be re- graded to blend with adjacent slopes. Revegetation would include plantings similar to what is existing along the freeway fringes and in the interchange areas. Any slopes or other areas along the highway or local roadways that are impacted by construction would be re-vegetated with species similar to those that currently exist in adjacent areas. Alternative 4C Alternative 4C, which was selected by the City Council as the Locally Preferred Alternative, proposes closure of the US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and construction of new northbound on- and off-ramps and a new intersection to intersect with West Branch Street across from Grace Lane. Item 10.a. - Page 27 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 14 of 152 This intersection would include a single-lane roundabout. Alternative 4C includes the following design elements, which are shown on Figures 3b and 3c: • RThe phased rRelocation of the US 101 southbound on-ramp at Grand Avenue to opposite the existing US 101 southbound off-ramp approach, and associated traffic signal phasing modifications. This would also include installation of a double 54-inch concrete pipe culvert to carry storm water under the realigned ramp. • Reconfiguration of the existing Grace Lane/Rodeo Drive intersection to provide a larger radius curve on Grace Lane that would convert Grace Lane to a “through street” and Rodeo Drive to a “side street.” Rodeo Drive currently acts as the “through” street and continues south/west to connect to West Branch Street. With the proposed reconfiguration, Grace Lane would become the “through” street and extend south/west from the intersection to West Branch Street. Rodeo Drive would become a residential “side” street and terminate at the reconfigured Grace Lane/Rodeo Drive intersection (refer to Figure 3). This modification would result in a street name change from Rodeo Drive to Grace Lane between the Grace Lane/Rodeo Drive intersection and West Branch Street. A retaining wall or cut slope would be required at the reconfigured intersection, which would be visible from the roadway. • Closure and removal of the US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and removal of the associated traffic signal equipment. • Construction of new US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps to intersect with West Branch Street across from Grace Lane (formerly Rodeo Drive), and installation of a single-lane roundabout at the new US 101 northbound ramps/Grace Lane/West Branch Street intersection. • Realignment of West Branch Street to provide greater separation between the new US 101 northbound ramps/Grace Lane/West Branch Street intersection and the US 101 mainline. Retaining walls would be required along the north side of West Branch Street and between the Grace Lane off-ramp and West Branch Street, which would be visible from the roadway. • Reconstruction of Grace Lane (formerly Rodeo Drive) on a new alignment and profile to intersect West Branch Street opposite the proposed US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Grace Lane. • At the Brisco Road/El Camino Real intersection, restriping to provide for one exclusive left-turn lane and one shared through-right lane for the southbound Brisco Road undercrossing approach to El Camino Real. With this improvement, the existing three-lane Brisco Road undercrossing would be re-striped to accommodate two southbound lanes and one northbound lane. The westbound El Camino Real approach would be modified to include a single left, through, and right- turn lane. • Reconstruction of Brisco Road between El Camino Real and West Branch Street on a lower profile to provide 15’0” vertical clearance at the Brisco Road undercrossing. • Construction of a new bridge adjacent to the Brisco Road undercrossing to carry the US 101 northbound on-ramp at Grace Lane onto US 101. • Construction of auxiliary lanes between the US 101 northbound on-ramp at East Grand Avenue and the northbound off-ramp at Grace Lane, and between the northbound on-ramp at Grace Lane to the northbound off-ramp at Camino Mercado. • Construction of a left-turn lane for the eastbound West Branch Street approach to the Arroyo Grande Library/South County Regional Center driveway. Item 10.a. - Page 28 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 15 of 152 • Directional signage at the Rodeo Drive/James Way intersection to reflect street name change to Grace Lane. • Relocation of a modular building and reconfiguration of parking at the Arroyo Grande Library/South County Regional Center. The project would remove approximately 46 existing parking spaces from the South County Regional Center and would construct a new parking lot on the same parcel with 46 new parking spaces. Handicap parking spaces and ADA accessibility would be provided. • Development of a bus pull-out and pedestrian access improvements along Grace Lane (formerly Rodeo Drive) in front of St. Patrick’s school. • Permanent storm water treatment BMPs would be considered for implementation. This is expected to include design pollution prevention infiltration type BMPs or bio-strips or bio-swales, if feasible. • Slopes along the area of the northbound ramps at Brisco Road would be re-graded to blend with adjacent slopes and revegetated with plantings similar to what is present along the freeway fringes and interchange areas. • The areas to both sides of the realigned southbound on-ramp at Grand Avenue would be re- graded to blend with the adjacent slopes. Revegetation would include plantings similar to what is existing along the freeway fringes and in the interchange areas. • Any slopes or other areas along the highway or local roadways that are impacted by construction would be re-vegetated with species similar to those that currently exist in adjacent areas. • CThe phased cConstruction of soundwalls on the southbound side of US 101 between the Oak Park Boulevard Interchange and Stonecrest Drive and between the Halcyon Road on-ramp and the Grand Avenue off-ramp. The soundwalls would be constructed at the existing Caltrans right of way boundary and would not preclude the ultimate six-lane configuration of US 101. Although not needed to meet the project purpose and need, Alternative 4C would also provide additional improvements to increase alternative transportation facilities in the City. • A Park-and-Ride lot with landscaping would be constructed on the City-owned lot between the proposed US 101 northbound ramps/Grace Lane/West Branch Street intersection and St. Patrick’s school. The Park and Ride Lot would include approximately 22-26 spaces and is expected to serve workers commuting to north San Luis Obispo County, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, San Luis Obispo, and Santa Maria. The bus stop would continue to be located on Grace Lane, not inside the Park and Ride Lot. The Park and Ride Lot opportunity evolved during preliminary design for Alternative 4C in response to public comment received during stakeholder outreach efforts during its development, including those with San Luis Obispo County, SLOCOG, and St. Patrick’s School. The Park and Ride Lot was included in Alternative 4C when it was identified that Rodeo Drive would be realigned eastward at the area adjacent to the City-owned vacant lot, along with other access revisions included for the County-owned property east of the proposed roundabout and St. Patrick’s property to the west. Additionally, SLOCOG has commented that a Park and Ride Lot located at this location is desired to work with the existing lot located at the southbound ramps at Halcyon. This location was included in the San Luis Obispo County Highway 101 Bus Rapid Transit Applications Study (SLOCOG 2013) as a potential location for a Park and Ride Lot and SLOCOG has indicated strong support for the Park and Ride Lot component under Alternative 4C. It is not anticipated that removal of the Park Item 10.a. - Page 29 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 16 of 152 and Ride Lot would substantially reduce costs of Alternative 4C, due to the remaining need for and extent of construction in the vicinity to realign Rodeo Drive and property access drives. Project Phasing The estimated cost of both alternatives exceeds the funds currently programmed for the project. On March 26, 2019, the City Council selected Alternative 4C as the Locally Preferred Alternative. The City Council also voted to phase/defer certain improvements until additional funding is available. An Independent Utility Technical Memorandum was prepared (Wood Rodgers 2019), which determined that the project would successfully meet the stated purpose and need even if the components identified for later phases were not constructed during the initial phase. The initial construction phase would include all improvements described above, except the physical improvements to the US 101/East Grand Avenue interchange proposed under both alternatives, and the soundwalls proposed along southbound US 101. All project improvements are anticipated to be fully implemented by the design year (2035). Under both alternatives, the physical improvements to the US 101/Grand Avenue interchange, including the realignment of the US 101 southbound ramps to form a four-legged intersection, would be phased/postponed to a later date deferred until additional funding is available. Although the physical improvements would be postponeddeferred, signal timing improvements would be implemented during initial project construction to improve operational efficiency at the interchange in the interim period before the physical improvements can also be completed. Construction of the soundwalls along southbound US 101 would also be phased to a later date deferred until additional funding is available. Surface Disturbance The project would result in a maximum disturbance of approximately 13.75 acres and up to 1.71 acres of new impervious surface area. Estimated areas of soil disturbance and new impervious surface areas under each design alternative are shown in Table 1, below. Table 1. Soil Disturbance and Impervious Surface Areas Design Alternative Disturbed Soil Area (acres) New Impervious Surface Area (acres) Alternative 1 5.47 1.04 Alternative 4C 13.75 1.71 Source: Caltrans Draft Appendix E Long Form Storm Water Data Report (Wood Rodgers 2016) Construction Access and Staging Construction access would be facilitated along existing roadways within the project area, with traffic controls implemented as appropriate. All staging is currently proposed to take place within existing right- of-way areas or on adjacent publicly-owned parcels. Construction is expected to last between 160 and 200 working days, or approximately 9 months for Alternative 1 and 12 months for Alternative 4C and spanning one rainy season. Item 10.a. - Page 30 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 17 of 152 Figure 3a. Alternative 1 Item 10.a. - Page 31 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 18 of 152 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 32 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 19 of 152 Figure 3b. Alternative 4C Item 10.a. - Page 33 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 20 of 152 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 34 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 21 of 152 Figure 3c. Alternative 4C Detail Item 10.a. - Page 35 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 22 of 152 Other Required Public Agency Approvals Project construction and implementation would require the City to obtain permits and other forms of approval from various federal and state agencies. These authorizations may be issued in the form of regulatory permits, agreements, or other forms of environmental review/approval. Authorizations will likely include numerous requirements for environmental compliance, which will be enforced through construction monitoring, documentation, and reporting. As proposed, the project is expected to require authorizations/permits from the following agencies: Table 2. Agency Permits/Authorizations Responsible Agency Applicable Permit or Authorization City of Arroyo Grande CEQA Lead Agency Environmental Clearance/Adoption California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) Encroachment Permit Compliance with NEPA Superseding Freeway Agreement U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Section 7 Programmatic Biological Opinion for California red-legged frog State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB)/ Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Clean Water Act §401 Water Quality Certification Construction General Permit U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Clean Water Act §404 Nationwide Permit California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) Section 1602 Streambed Alteration Agreement San Luis Obispo County Air Pollution Control District (APCD) Construction Permits, if necessary Permits in the event hydrocarbon contaminated soil is encountered during construction, if necessary Related Projects The proposed project is not related to any other past, present, or future planned projects. Item 10.a. - Page 36 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 23 of 152 3. Environmental Checklist Project Information Project Title: Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Lead Agency Name & Address: City of Arroyo Grande 300 East Brach Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 Contact Person & Telephone Number: Whitney McDonaldBill RobesonTeresa McClish, Acting Community Development Director (805) 473-54206620 Project Location: US 101, postmile 13.1 to 14.6, Arroyo Grande, California Project Sponsor Names & Addresses: City of Arroyo Grande 300 East Brach Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 General Plan Designation: Multiple Zoning: Multiple Description of Project: Modifications to northbound US 101 ramp intersections at Brisco Road, Grand Avenue, and/or Camino Mercado, and adjacent roadway improvements Surrounding Land Uses & Setting: Regional commercial, retail, and community facilities adjacent to US 101. Approval Required from Other Public Agencies: Caltrans, SWRCB/RWQCB, USFWS, USACE, CDFW, APCD Item 10.a. - Page 37 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 24 of 152 Environmental Factors Potentially Affected The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a "Potentially Significant Impact,” as indicated by the checklist on the following pages: Aesthetics Agricultural Resources Air Quality Biological Resources Cultural Resources Geology/Soils Greenhouse Gas Emissions & Energy Hazards &, Hazardous Materials, & Wildfire Hydrology/Water Quality Land Use/Planning Mineral Resources Noise Population/Housing Public Services Recreation Transportation/Traffic Utilities/Service Systems Mandatory Findings of Significance Determination On the basis of this initial evaluation: I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. I find that, although the original scope of the proposed project COULD have a significant effect on the environment, there WILL NOT be a significant effect because revisions/mitigations to the project have been made by or agreed to by the applicant. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT or its functional equivalent will be prepared. I find that the proposed project MAY have a "potentially significant impact" or "potentially significant unless mitigated impact" on the environment. However, at least one impact has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document, pursuant to applicable legal standards, and has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis, as described in the report's attachments. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the impacts not sufficiently addressed in previous documents. I find that, although the proposed project could have had a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects have been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or Negative Declaration, pursuant to applicable standards, and have been avoided or mitigated, pursuant to an earlier EIR, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, all impacts have been avoided or mitigated to a less-than-significant level and no further action is required. ______________________________________ September 21, 2020 Whitney McDonaldBill RobesonTeresa McClish, AICP Date Acting Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 38 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 25 of 152 Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 1. A brief explanation, adequately supported by the information sources cited, is required for all answers, except "No Impact.” A "No Impact" answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact does not apply to the project being evaluated (e.g., the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A "No Impact" answer should be explained where it is based on general or project-specific factors (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). 2. All answers must consider the whole of the project-related effects, both direct and indirect, including off-site, cumulative, construction, and operational impacts. 3. Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, the checklist answers must indicate whether that impact is potentially significant, less than significant with mitigation, or less than significant. "Potentially Significant Impact" is appropriate when there is sufficient evidence that a substantial or potentially substantial adverse change may occur in any of the physical conditions within the area affected by the project that cannot be mitigated below a level of significance. If there are one or more "Potentially Significant Impact" entries, an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is required. 4. A "Mitigated Negative Declaration" (Negative Declaration: Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated) applies where the incorporation of mitigation measures, prior to declaration of project approval, has reduced an effect from "Potentially Significant Impact" to a "Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation." The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level. 5. Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other CEQA process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR (including a General Plan) or Negative Declaration [CCR, Guidelines for the Implementation of CEQA, § 15063(c)(3)(D)]. References to an earlier analysis should: a) Identify the earlier analysis and state where it is available for review. b) Indicate which effects from the environmental checklist were adequately analyzed in the earlier document, pursuant to applicable legal standards, and whether these effects were adequately addressed by mitigation measures included in that analysis. c) Describe the mitigation measures in this document that were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and indicate to what extent they address site-specific conditions for this project. 6. Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate references to information sources for potential impacts into the checklist or appendix (e.g., general plans, zoning ordinances, biological assessments). Reference to a previously prepared or outside document should include an indication of the page or pages where the statement is substantiated. 7. A source list should be appended to this document. Sources used or individuals contacted should be listed in the source list and cited in the discussion. 8. Explanation(s) of each issue should identify: a) the criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate the significance of the impact addressed by each question; and, b) the mitigation measures, if any, prescribed to reduce the impact below the level of significance. Item 10.a. - Page 39 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 26 of 152 4. Environmental Issues I. Aesthetics Environmental Setting Southern San Luis Obispo County is characterized by both urban built environments and open space areas that maintain a rural identity between communities and seek to prevent urban sprawl (i.e., “community separators”). The project area encompasses a disturbed urbanized landscape within the City of Arroyo Grande on rolling terrain at an elevation of approximately 120 to 240 feet. The project site contains substantial public infrastructure, transportation facilities, and is surrounded by intensive commercial, retail, mixed use, and community facility development adjacent to the US 101 corridor. Vegetation within the project area includes primarily landscaping/ornamental vegetation, with minimal amounts of agriculture, ruderal (disturbed), riparian, and freshwater marsh vegetation associated with channelized drainages that bisect the area. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings? d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? Discussion a) – c): For CEQA purposes, a scenic vista is generally defined as a viewpoint that provides expansive views of a highly valued landscape for the benefit of the general public. A substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista would occur if the proposed project would significantly degrade the scenic landscape as viewed from public roads or other public areas. The project corridor extends through a highly urbanized area comprised of substantial development and infrastructure and is not considered a scenic vista. The project site is visible from numerous public roadways throughout the project corridor, including US 101, West Branch Street, Rodeo Drive, Brisco Road, Halcyon Road, Grand Avenue, El Camino Real, Camino Mercado, and Rancho Parkway. The number of viewers would be very high due to high vehicular use of this area. The project would modify and/or replace existing transportation infrastructure of relatively low visual quality with similar transportation facilities and components. The new intersection and Park and Ride lot proposed under Alternative 4C would be the most visually prominent features of the proposed project and would be located in a currently vacant lot. These features would generally be consistent with the level and types of development in surrounding areas. The All improvements would predominantly be built at grade and would not protrude into the skyline or block views due to a rise in elevation. Item 10.a. - Page 40 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 27 of 152 Short-term construction activities would create visual impacts in the project area associated with the presence of construction equipment, earthwork activities, detour signage, etc. However, these impacts would be temporary in nature and limited to the construction period (currently estimated to be between 9 to 12 months). US 101 in the project vicinity is designated as an “Eligible State Scenic Highway – Not Officially Listed” by the California Scenic Highway Mapping System. Visual quality of the project area is dominated by extensive urban development and road and highway infrastructure. There are no scenic rock outcroppings or historic buildings in the project vicinity that would be damaged as a result of project development. Both build alternatives would require removal of a mature eucalyptus tree adjacent to the Brisco Road undercrossing; however, widening of the existing infrastructure would not substantially change the existing urban setting, would be minimally visible, and would not significantly degrade the view. Disturbed areas adjacent to the modified infrastructure would be revegetated with native species and softscape vegetation, consistent with surrounding areas. The soundwalls proposed on the southbound side of US 101 would obstruct views across the US 101 between the Oak Park Boulevard Interchange and Stonecrest Drive and between the Halcyon Road on- ramp and the Grand Avenue off-ramp. However, no views of identified scenic vistas are provided across the US 101 at these locations, and the existing views across US 101 are largely obstructed by existing infrastructure and landscaping along the southbound roadway shoulder at these locations. Impacts from the sound walls and other unnatural elements (e.g., retaining walls) would be minimized through design techniques and compliance with City policies. Solid (sound) wall design is required to go through the City’s Architectural Review Committee, and design details must include stepped design and/or natural looking rock finish (shotcrete or equivalent). Landscaping would either be maintained or replaced in the location of the soundwalls. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. d): The project proposes removal and replacement of existing traffic and safety lighting in the project corridor to accommodate roadway modifications and improvements. The new US 101 ramps/West Branch Street/Grace Lane intersection and Park and Ride lot proposed under Alternative 4C would also add new sources of traffic and safety lighting in the project area. Construction of the project may also require the use of additional temporary lighting during construction activities. The project is proposed in a highly urbanized area predominantly comprised of roadway and highway infrastructure, and includes substantial sources of existing light and glare, including standard traffic and pedestrian signals, safety lighting, and outdoor lighting associated with adjacent land uses. The lighting proposed in relation to the project would not substantially differ from existing conditions. In addition, compliance with applicable Municipal Code standards in Section 16.48.090, including shielding of outdoor lighting and measures to minimize light trespass onto adjacent properties and glare, would further reduce the potential for significant impacts. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts No significant impacts to aesthetic resources were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. Item 10.a. - Page 41 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 28 of 152 II. Agriculture and Forestry Resources Environmental Setting The California Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) classify agricultural lands into five categories: Prime Farmland, Farmland of Statewide Importance, Unique Farmland, Farmland of Local Importance, and Farmland of Local Potential. Non-farmlands are classified as Grazing Land, Urban and Built Up Land, Other Land, or Water. The project area encompasses a small area of Prime Farmland south of the Grand Avenue interchange. The Williamson Act of 1965 is the state’s principal policy for the preservation of agricultural, open-space, and rangeland. The program encourages landowners to work with local governments to protect important farmland and open space in exchange for tax benefits. As land is restricted to agricultural and compatible open-space uses under the Williamson Act, it is assessed for property taxes at a rate consistent with its actual use, rather than the potential value of the land. No portion of the project area is currently subject to a Williamson Act contract. The Agriculture, Conservation, and Open Space Element of the City’s General Plan identifies the importance of avoiding and/or mitigating for the loss of prime farmland soils and of conserving non-prime agriculture uses and natural resource lands. The City’s policies also recognize the importance of allocation and conservation of ground and surface water resources for agricultural uses and the need to minimize potential urban and fringe area development that would divert such resources away from agricultural uses. Two parcels located at the southeastern end of the project area are Prime Farmland and currently support the production of row crops (APN# 006-311-067 and 006-311-076). These parcels are not subject to an agricultural preserve or Williamson Act contract; however, they are zoned for Agricultural land use. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract? c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220)g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? Item 10.a. - Page 42 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 29 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland to non-agricultural use? * In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997), prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model for use in assessing impacts on agricultural and farmland. Discussion a) – b): Based on current design/right-of-way estimates, both build alternatives would require the acquisition of approximately 0.58 acre (25,314 square feet) of land zoned for agriculture use for the project right of way. The area to be acquired includes approximately 0.37 acres of Prime Farmland and 0.29 acres of land currently in agricultural production (not all areas of Prime Farmland are currently in active agricultural use). Based on current estimates, approximately 0.37 acre of prime farmland would be acquired into the State right of way to accommodate the proposed realignment of the southbound US 101 on-ramp at Grand Avenue under Alternatives 1 and 4C. This amount comprises approximately 0.4% of total agricultural lands within the City of Arroyo Grande. Agricultural uses within the project area consist of vegetable crops southeast of the Grand Avenue interchange. The estimated average value of vegetable crops in San Luis Obispo County is approximately $7,269.00 per acre, based on 2012 San Luis Obispo County Crop Report harvested acreage and yield totals (San Luis Obispo County 2013). The proposed project would impact two parcels currently supporting vegetable crops. The acquisition under either alternative would be permanent. The Arroyo Grande General Plan identifies any conversion of prime farmland as a potentially significant impact and requires that loss of prime agricultural soils be avoided or mitigated. An exception to the requirement that prime soils be avoided is provided for necessary public facilities. The City has determined that roadways fall within the public facilities exception and, because they are an allowed use on agricultural parcels, do not constitute a conversion of agricultural land that must be avoided pursuant to the General Plan. Because of the project location adjacent to existing highway infrastructure, surrounding development patterns, and existing protections in place through City and County plans and policies, the conversion is not likely to lead to additional development or conversion of farmland in this area. The project would not conflict with the agricultural zoning or Williamson Act contracts of any adjacent parcels, which have historically operated in similar proximity to the US 101 and other local roadways. No secondary impacts are expected as the project would not bisect or cut off existing agricultural areas, leaving portions unviable for agricultural uses, and would not create a new use that does not currently exist adjacent to the agricultural parcels. A portion of the state right of way to be acquired in this area will act as a buffer between the on-ramp and existing agricultural activities; no additional buffer area is required or necessary to protect adjacent farmlands. Item 10.a. - Page 43 INITIAL STUDY / MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 30 of 152 USDA Farmland Conversion Impact Rating System The NRCS was consulted regarding the project, and potential agricultural impacts were analyzed pursuant to the USDA’s Farmland Conversion Impact Rating for Corridor Type Projects using Form NRCS-CPA-106. The USDA Farmland Impact Rating System rates the value of potential impacted farmlands using a point system based on specific site assessment criteria. Applying the point system, the project was scored at 52 points out of a possible 260 points for both build alternatives (refer to Appendix A). Although there are different build alternatives, proposed improvements at the southbound US 101 Grand Avenue on-ramp are the same; therefore, impacts on adjacent agricultural resources would be the same under both alternatives. Based on the USDA’s rating system, if the project results in a combined score of 160 or less, the land is not subject to the provisions of the Farmland Protection Policy Act (FPPA) and the agency is not required to consider alternatives that would avoid or lessen the impacts (USDA 2012). Therefore, a score of 160 under this rating system is typically used as the point at which impacts are considered significant. Because the project rating is less than 160, the conversion of agricultural land is considered mitigable to less than significant through implementation of identified mitigation measures. California Department of Conservation, California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model Potential effects on agricultural resources as a result of the proposed project were also analyzed under the California Department of Conservation’s (CDC) Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA) Model (1997). The LESA Model is a point-based approach for rating the relative importance of agricultural land resources based upon specific measurable features. The Model was developed to provide lead agencies with an optional methodology to ensure that potentially significant effects associated with agricultural land conversions are quantitatively and consistently considered in the environmental review process. Based on the CDC’s LESA Model, the proposed project would result in a LESA score of 25.7, which indicates farmland impacts that are not considered significant. The project’s rating below the threshold under both the LESA Model and the USDA Farmland Conversion Impact Rating System is largely a reflection of the project’s proposed location within the heavily urbanized area of central Arroyo Grande and the extent of existing non-agricultural development throughout the project area. The LESA Model includes the following thresholds of significance (Table 3). Table 3. California LESA Model Scoring Thresholds Total LESA Score Scoring Decision 0 to 39 points Not considered significant 40 to 59 points Considered significant ONLY if Land Evaluation and Site Assessment subscores are each greater than or equal to 20 points 60 to 79 points Considered significant UNLESS Land Evaluation or Site Assessment subscore is less than 20 points 80 to 100 points Considered significant The project’s rating below the threshold under both rating systems is largely a reflection of the extent of existing development at the site and the site’s landlocked position within the heavily urbanized area of central Arroyo Grande. Additional information and graphics regarding the project’s scores and the USDA’s rating system and CDC LESA Model processes are provided in Appendix A. Item 10.a. - Page 44 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 31 of 152 Figure 4. Agricultural Setting Map Item 10.a. - Page 45 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 32 of 152 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 46 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 33 of 152 The project would be required to comply with the requirements of the City’s Agriculture, Conservation and Open Space Element, Policy Ag1-4.2, and Right-to-Farm provisions of the City’s Development Code (Section 16.12.170(F), Agricultural Land Conversion). There is an exception in the General Plan for necessary public facilities. The City has determined that roadways fall within the public facilities exception and, because they are an allowed use on agricultural parcels and do not constitute a conversion of agricultural land that must be avoided pursuant to the General Plan. Compensation for loss of agricultural revenue is not an environmental impact under CEQA. However, the City would be required to compensate the affected landowner consistent with City and Caltrans policies. The loss of prime farmland would be mitigated consistent with the City’s General Plan and Agriculture, Conservation, and Open Space Element. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. c) – d): There is no forestland in San Luis Obispo County. Therefore, no impacts would occur. e): The proposed project would expand existing transportation infrastructure adjacent to an intensive agricultural use. No secondary impacts are expected as the project does not bisect or cut off existing agricultural areas, leaving portions unviable for agricultural uses, and would not create a new incompatible use that does not currently exist adjacent to the agricultural parcels. The portion of the state right of way to be acquired will act as a buffer between the on-ramp and adjacent agricultural activities. Transportation and agriculture are generally compatible land uses and no additional buffer area is required or necessary to protect adjacent farmlands. The proposed project would not create a permanent increase in demand for groundwater; impacts on agricultural water supplies associated with construction related water demands would be minimal. Alternative 4C would require relocation of the San Luis Obispo County Agriculture Department building. However, the County has indicated that relocation of the modular structure is feasible and there is adequate space on the same parcel to accommodate the relocated structure. Permanent impacts would be minimal and would not result in the loss or conversion of agricultural lands within the County. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact To minimize the potential significant impacts to agricultural resources, the following mitigation measures would be implemented. AG/mm-1 Farmland impacts shall be minimized in accordance with the City’s Agriculture, Conservation and Open Space Element, Policy Ag1-4.2, and Development Code Section 16.12.170(F). Permanent protection of prime farmlands shall be provided in the form of a perpetual agriculture or conservation easement. The agricultural or conservation easement shall protect lands at a 1:1 ratio if within the City limits, or at a 2:1 ratio if outside of the City limits but within the City’s area of environmental concern. The land shall be comparable in soil quality to the land being converted to non-agricultural uses and shall have an adequate water supply to support agricultural use that is also protected in the agricultural conservation easement, farmland deed restriction, or other document evidencing the permanent agricultural protection. Item 10.a. - Page 47 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 34 of 152 As an alternative to the permanent conservation easement, the City may elect to pay in-lieu fees if the City Council determines that the payment of fees provides a superior opportunity to satisfy the goals and policies of the General Plan, in accordance with the Development Code (Section 16.12.170). With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts to Agriculture and Forestry would be less than significant. III. Air Quality Environmental Setting This section is largely based on information provided in the Air Quality Study prepared for the project (Terry A. Hayes and Associates, Inc. [TAHA] 2017). San Luis Obispo County is part of the South Central Coast Air Basin, which also includes Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties. The climate of the basin area is strongly influenced by its proximity to the Pacific Ocean. Airflow around and within the basin plays an important role in the movement and dispersion of pollutants. The speed and direction of local winds are controlled by the location and strength of the Pacific High pressure system and other global weather patterns, topographical factors, and circulation patterns that result from temperature differences between the land and the sea. The San Luis Obispo County Air Pollution Control District (APCD) has developed and updated their CEQA Air Quality Handbook (2012) to evaluate project specific impacts and help determine if air quality mitigation measures are needed, or if potentially significant impacts could result. To evaluate long-term emissions, cumulative effects, and establish countywide programs to reach acceptable air quality levels, the APCD has prepared and adopted a Clean Air Plan. The County’s air quality is measured by multiple ambient air quality monitoring stations, including four APCD operated permanent stations, two state-operated permanent stations, two special stations, and one station operated by Tosco Oil Refinery for monitoring Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) emissions. San Luis Obispo County is in non-attainment status for ozone (O3), respirable particulate matter (PM10) and vinyl chloride under the California Air Resource Board (CARB) standards. The County is in attainment status for all other applicable CARB standards. Some land uses are considered more sensitive to changes in air quality than others, depending on the population groups and the activities involved. The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has identified the following typical groups who are most likely to be affected by air pollution: children under 14, the elderly over 65 years of age, athletes, and people with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. Sensitive receptors include residences, schools, playgrounds, childcare centers, athletic facilities, long-term health care facilities, rehabilitation centers, convalescent centers, and retirement homes. Sensitive receptors near the project area include nearby residences, Saint Patrick’s Catholic School, Arroyo Grande Montessori School, and Valley View Adventist Academy. Item 10.a. - Page 48 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 35 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is in non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? * Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied on to make these determinations. Discussion a): The project would replace/improve existing infrastructure and does not propose a new or increased use in the project area. The proposed use is consistent with the general level of development anticipated and projected in the Clean Air Plan as well as other applicable regional and local planning documents. It would improve the function of state and local transportation systems in the project area, thereby reducing congestion and generally benefitting air quality. Therefore, the proposed project would not conflict with or otherwise obstruct implementation of the Clean Air Plan. Impacts would be less than significant. b) – d): Construction Impacts. During construction, short-term degradation of air quality may occur due to the release of particulate emissions (airborne dust) and other pollutants generated by excavation, grading, hauling, and various other activities related to construction. Site preparation and roadway construction would involve clearing, cut-and-fill activities, grading, removing, or improving existing roadways, and paving roadway surfaces. All construction vehicles and equipment would be required to be equipped with the State-mandated emission control devices pursuant to State emission regulations and standard construction practices. Project construction is estimated to last between approximately 9 and 16 months. After construction is complete, all construction-related impacts would cease. Short-term construction emissions would be further reduced with the implementation of standard dust and diesel particulate matter (DPM) suppression measures outlined within the APCD rules and regulations. Caltrans Standard Specifications for Construction (Section 10 and 18 [Dust Control] and Section 39-3.06 [Asphalt Concrete Plants]) would also be adhered to. Item 10.a. - Page 49 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 36 of 152 The Air Quality Study prepared for the project included detailed construction emissions. Those emission calculations have been updated to account for a 2018 start year instead of a 2016 start year. As shown in Table 4, both alternatives would exceed the Tier 1 threshold for reactive organic gases + nitrogen oxides but neither alternative would exceed the Tier 2 threshold. In addition, Alternative 4C would exceed the Tier 1 threshold for diesel particulate matter but would not exceed the Tier 2 threshold. Based on the APCD CEQA Air Quality Handbook, standard mitigation and Best Available Control Technology (BACT) would be implemented to reduce potential effects on nearby sensitive receptors. Site disturbance would occur within an area designated as non-attainment for fugitive dust. Therefore, in order to prevent a dust nuisance and contribute to fugitive dust generation, standard dust control mitigation set out in APCD regulations would be implemented. In addition, the project is located within 1,000 feet of potentially sensitive receptors (residences), who may be adversely affected by exposure to DPM emitted by construction equipment. Based on the APCD CEQA Air Quality Handbook, standard mitigation and BACT would be implemented to reduce potential effects on nearby sensitive receptors. Table 4. Construction Emissions Pounds Per Day Tons Per Quarter ROG + NOX DPM ROG + NOX DPM Dust (PM10) Alternative Alternative 1 86 2.8 2.8 0.09 0.25 Alternative 4C 115 3.7 3.8 0.12 0.49 Threshold 137 7 Tier 1 - 2.5 Tier 2 - 6.3 Tier 1 - 0.13 Tier 2 - 0.32 2.5 Source: Terry A. Hayes Associates Inc. 2017. Therefore, construction related impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. Operational Impacts. A regional operational emissions analysis was completed based on peak hour delay. Both proposed build alternatives would decrease vehicle delay and congestion within the project area, resulting in lower emission rates. Therefore, modeled regional emissions under both project alternatives would be less than baseline conditions in years 2015 and 2035. Therefore, the build alternatives would result in beneficial long-term air quality impacts in the project area. Operational impacts would be less than significant. Exposure to Pollutants. A carbon monoxide hotspot analysis was completed based on Caltrans guidance. The analysis indicated that the proposed project would not generate a carbon monoxide hotspot. Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) has been identified as a toxic air contaminant by the ARB. Under the CARB Airborne Toxics Control Measure (ATCM) for Construction, Grading, Quarrying, and Surface Mining Operations, prior to any grading activities a geologic evaluation should be conducted to determine if NOA is present within the area that will be disturbed. If NOA is not present, an exemption request must be filed with the APCD. If NOA is found at the site, the applicant must comply with all requirements outlined in the Asbestos ATCM. This may include development of an Asbestos Dust Mitigation Plan and an Asbestos Health and Safety Program for approval by the APCD. Item 10.a. - Page 50 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 37 of 152 Based on Technical Appendix 4.4 of the APCD’s CEQA Handbook, the project site is within a location of potentially occurring NOA; therefore, compliance with the Asbestos ATCM would be required and standard mitigation would apply. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. e): Construction of the proposed project would generate odors associated with construction smoke/dust and equipment exhaust and fumes. Excavated and demolition materials may also contain objectionable odors within unearthed materials. The proposed construction activities would not differ significantly from those resulting from any other type of construction project. Any effects would be short- term in nature and limited to the construction phase of the project. Therefore, the project would not create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people. Impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact To minimize the potential significant impacts to air quality, the following mitigation measures would be implemented. AQ/mm-1 Prior to issuance of construction permits, the following measures shall be incorporated into the construction phase of the project and shown on all applicable plans: Construction Equipment a. Maintain all construction equipment in proper tune according to manufacturer’s specifications; b. Fuel all off-road and portable diesel powered equipment, including but not limited to bulldozers, graders, cranes, loaders, scrapers, backhoes, generator sets, compressors, auxiliary power units, with CARB-certified motor vehicle diesel fuel (non-taxed version suitable for use off-road); c. Maximize to the extent feasible, the use of diesel construction equipment meeting the CARB’s Tier 2 certified engines or cleaner off-road heavy-duty diesel engines, and comply with the State Off-Road Regulation; d. Use on-road heavy-duty trucks that meet the CARB’s 2007 or cleaner certification standard for on-road heavy-duty diesel engines, and comply with the State On-Road Regulation; e. Construction or trucking companies with fleets that that do not have engines in their fleet that meet the engine standards identified in the above two measures (e.g. captive or NOx exempt area fleets) may be eligible by proving alternative compliance; f. All on and off-road diesel equipment shall not idle for more than 5 minutes. Signs shall be posted in the designated queuing areas and or job sites to remind drivers and operators of the 5-minute idling limit; g. Diesel idling within 1,000 feet of sensitive receptors shall be avoided to the maximum extent feasible; Item 10.a. - Page 51 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 38 of 152 h. Staging and queuing areas shall not be located within 1,000 feet of sensitive receptors to the maximum extent feasible; i. Electrify equipment when feasible; j. Substitute gasoline-powered in place of diesel-powered equipment, where feasible; and, k. Use alternatively fueled construction equipment on-site where feasible, such as compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), propane, or biodiesel. Best Available Control Technology l. Further reduce emissions by expanding use of Tier 3 and Tier 4 off-road and 2010 on-road compliant engines; m. Repower equipment with the cleanest engines available; and, n. Install California Verified Diesel Emission Control Strategies. These strategies are listed at: http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/verdev/vt/cvt.htm. AQ/mm-2 Upon application for construction permits, all required PM10 measures shall be shown on applicable grading or construction plans, and made applicable during grading and construction activities as described below. a. Reduce the amount of the disturbed area where possible; b. Use of water trucks or sprinkler systems in sufficient quantities to prevent airborne dust from leaving the site. Increased watering frequency would be required whenever wind speeds exceed 15 miles per hour (mph); c. Reclaimed (non-potable) water should be used whenever possible; d. All dirt stock pile areas should be sprayed daily as needed; e. Permanent dust control measures identified in the approved project revegetation and landscape plans should be implemented as soon as possible following completion of any soil disturbing activities; f. Exposed ground areas that are planned to be reworked at dates greater than one month after initial grading should be sown with a fast germinating, non-invasive grass seed and watered until vegetation is established; g. All disturbed soil areas not subject to revegetation should be stabilized using approved chemical soil binders, jute netting, or other methods approved in advance by the APCD; h. All roadways, driveways, sidewalks, etc. to be paved should be completed as soon as possible. In addition, building pads should be laid as soon as possible after grading unless seeding or soil binders are used; i. Vehicle speed for all construction vehicles shall not exceed 15 mph on any unpaved surface at the construction site; Item 10.a. - Page 52 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 39 of 152 j. All trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil, or other loose materials are to be covered or should maintain at least two feet of freeboard (minimum vertical distance between top of load and top of trailer) in accordance with California Vehicle Code §23114; k. Install wheel washers where vehicles enter and exit unpaved roads onto streets, or wash off trucks and equipment leaving the site; and, l. Sweep streets at the end of each day if visible soil material is carried onto adjacent paved roads. Water sweepers with reclaimed water should be used where feasible. All of these fugitive dust mitigation measures shall be shown on grading, construction and building plans; and the contractor shall designate a person or persons to monitor the fugitive dust emissions and enhance the implementation of the measures as necessary to minimize dust complaints, reduce visible emissions below 20% opacity, and to prevent transport of dust off-site. Their duties shall include monitoring the effectiveness of the required dust control measures (as conditions dictate), and shall include holidays and weekend periods when work may not be in progress. The name and telephone number of such persons shall be provided to the APCD Compliance Division prior to the start of any grading, earthwork, or demolition. AQ/mm-3 Prior to issuance of grading permit, the applicant shall submit a geologic evaluation of naturally occurring asbestos of the project site to the APCD. If naturally occurring asbestos is present onsite, the applicant shall comply with all requirements outlined in the Asbestos Airborne Toxic Control Measures (ATCM) for Construction, Grading, Quarrying, and Surface Mining Operations. These requirements may include, but are not limited to: 1) an Asbestos Dust Mitigation Plan that shall be approved by the APCD prior to construction, and 2) an Asbestos Health and Safety Program. Prior to development on the 30-acre portion of the site, the applicant shall submit a Naturally Occurring Asbestos Construction and Grading Permit Exemption Request Form to the APCD. With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts to air quality would be less than significant. IV. Biological Resources Environmental Setting The following section is based on the Natural Environment Study prepared for the project (SWCA 20202017). The majority of the project site contains disturbed areas, such as the US 101 road surface and other roads, medians, and developments. Vegetative communities present within the area include ruderal (disturbed), landscaped areas (mainly ornamental groundcover and planted trees), riparian, and man-made drainage ditches. While no jurisdictional wetlands were delineated within the project area, drainages within the site have the potential to be considered “other waters of the U.S.” under U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) definitions. These three drainage ditches were identified as having a significant nexus with Arroyo Grande Creek. Some of the drainages are vegetated by riparian vegetation and an herbaceous and/or shrubby understory; others are unvegetated or minimally vegetated with forbs, weeds, and/or species characteristic of freshwater marsh. Wildlife corridors are not present in the project area. Item 10.a. - Page 53 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 40 of 152 Based on the California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB), an online species list approved by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), and biologist professional knowledge and local experience, 6048 special- status plant species, 4234 special-status animal species, and 102 sensitive habitats were considered for potential to occur within the project corridor. Of these species that were considered, the following were determined to have potential habitat conditions within the project corridor based on a desktop review prior to conducting the field surveys: Gambel’s watercress (Nasturtium gambelii), black-flowered figwort (Scrophularia atrata), San Bernardino aster (Symphyotrichum defoliatum), saline clover (Trifolium depauperatum var. hydrophilum), south- central California steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (steelhead), California red-legged frog (Rana aurora draytonii), sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus), white-tailed kite (Elanus leucurus), least Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus), western yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus occidentalis), purple martin (Progne subis), and other nesting birds. Focused Ssurveys for special-status animal species were limited to protocol California red-legged frog surveys with a focus on a drainage ditch leading to Arroyo Grande Creek (referred to as Excavated Ditch #3). These surveys were conducted in 2006 and 2007. The findings of the study were negative and habitat within the project area was considered poor habitat for California red-legged frog. A revised critical habitat designation for California red-legged frog was also finalized on March 17, 2010. The project area does not occur within a designated California red-legged frog critical habitat unit. Some of the drainage ditches within the BSA are tributaries to Arroyo Grande Creek and occur within the sSouth-central California coast steelhead critical habitat unit defined as Estero Bay Hydrologic Unit 3310 – (xv) Oceano Hydrologic Sub-area 331031. Based on surveys taken in March 2006 and between March 2007 and August 2007 (eight surveys total) within the project area, it is determined that the project site does not contain the constituent elements of critical habitat. Essential spawning sites, rearing sites, suitable water quality, migration corridors, and proper estuarine parameters were not observed within the project area. A revised critical habitat designation for California red-legged frog was also finalized on March 17, 2010. The project area does not occur within a designated California red-legged frog critical habitat unit. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modification, on any species identified as a sensitive, candidate, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? Item 10.a. - Page 54 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 41 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands, as defined by §404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? Discussion a): Plant Species. Marginal freshwater marsh habitat for Gambel’s watercress occurs within the beds of the drainage ditches in the project area, but this species was not observed during appropriately timed floristic surveys performed in 2005, 2006, 2011, and 2014. The much more common watercress (Nasturtium officinale) was observed. Marginal riparian habitat for black-flowered figwort occurs within the project area, but this species was not observed during appropriately timed floristic surveys. This species typically occurs on calcareous or diatomaceous soils, which were not observed in the project area. Marginal habitat for saline clover and San Bernardino aster occurs in some of the drainage bottoms/beds within the project area, but these species were not observed during appropriately timed floristic surveys. Heavy equipment operation and disturbance of areas with vegetation associated with the interchange improvements have the potential to lead to injury or mortality of native plant species; however, the project area is not located near any known extant sensitive plant species populations. No impacts to Gambel’s watercress, black-flowered figwort, saline clover, or San Bernardino aster are expected. Wildlife Species. No steelhead were observed within any of the drainage ditches within the project area. The open or concrete-lined on-site ditches convey seasonal flows and offer no habitat for fish species. In addition, there is no opportunity for migration from Arroyo Grande Creek to these drainage ditches, due to steep drops or other impassable barriers. Because there is no potential for steelhead occurrence within the project area, there would be no effect to this species. Heavy equipment operation and disturbance of the drainage ditches associated with the interchange improvements have the potential to impact areas of extremely marginal habitat quality. Introduction of sediment into the drainages leading to Arroyo Grande Creek could conceivably be carried Item 10.a. - Page 55 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 42 of 152 downstream, which could adversely impact water quality and spawning habitat for steelhead; however, this will be mitigated through the use of appropriate silt/erosion controls standard BMPs. While a search of the CNDDB yielded 65 known occurrences of California red-legged frogs within a seven- quadrangle search area, only two California red-legged frog occurrences have been recorded within 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) of the project site (CNDDB 2006). To determine the potential for occurrence of the California red-legged frog within the project area, an assessment of the habitat was conducted following the USFWS Revised Guidance on Site Assessment and Field Surveys for California Red-legged Frogs (USFWS 2005). A California Red-legged Frog Site Assessment Report was submitted to the Ventura USFWS office on April 4, 2006 (Morro Group 2006). As recommended by USFWS Fish and Wildlife Biologist Mark Elvin (2006), surveys for California red-legged frog were conducted within the project area with a focus on Excavated Ditch 3, beginning on March 7, 2007, and ending on August 7, 2007. Eight surveys were conducted, and no California red-legged frogs were observed during any of the survey efforts. Habitats within the project area and within 1 mile of the BSA are highly fragmented due to urban development, US 101, and other roads. While California red-legged frogs have the potential to occur within large areas of good to excellent quality habitat with riparian and emergent vegetative cover, suitable water quality, and minimal disturbance, these conditions do not occur within the project area. It is extremely unlikely that California red-legged frogs inhabit the drainage ditches within the project area, which are minimally vegetated to non-vegetated, typically convey only seasonal storm water flows, and subjected to considerable disturbance (e.g., right next to road edges). Dispersal to these areas from habitats outside of the project area would be difficult due to the extensive network of roads and urban development existing in and near project area. Therefore, the proposed project would have no effect on California red-legged frog. Water quality degradation within the drainage ditches leading to Arroyo Grande Creek could result from concrete spills, fuel spills, or excessive project-related sedimentation, which could indirectly adversely affect the species; however, these effects will be avoided or minimized through identified best-management practices (BMPs). Introduction of sediment into the drainages leading to Arroyo Grande Creek could conceivably be carried downstream, which could adversely impact water quality, and foraging and breeding habitat for California red-legged frog, but this will be mitigated through the use of appropriate silt/erosion controls. These impacts would be avoided or minimized through standard BMPs. Furthermore, the proposed project would require the implementation of standard avoidance and minimization measures included within the Programmatic Biological Opinion for Projects Funded or Approved under the FHWA Federal Aid Program (USFWS 2011). Project construction may result in the temporary loss of vegetation that provides potential breeding and foraging habitat for a number of protected bird species. The removal of vegetation could directly impact bird nests and eggs or young residing in nests. Indirect impacts could also result from noise and disturbance associated with construction, which could alter perching, foraging, and/or nesting behaviors. While temporary loss of trees supporting potential nesting habitat would result from tree trimming or removal, any trees removed would be mitigated by planting new trees. Although there is marginal nesting habitat within riparian and landscaped trees and man-made structures within the project area, no nesting birds were observed during field surveys in 2005, 2006, 2011, and 2014. The implementation of the avoidance and minimization measures such as appropriate timing of vegetation removal, pre-activity surveys, and exclusion zones will reduce the potential for adverse effects to nesting bird species. Therefore, potential impacts to sensitive species would be less than significant with mitigation. Item 10.a. - Page 56 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 43 of 152 b): Old Ranch Road Drainage and Excavated Ditches 1, 2, and 3 (as well as an additional drainage adjacent to the southbound off-ramp at Grand Avenue outside of the project study area) can be considered tributaries to Arroyo Grande Creek and occur within the south-central California coast steelhead critical habitat unit defined as Estero Bay Hydrologic Unit 3310 – (xv) Oceano Hydrologic Sub- area 331031. It has been determined these drainages do not contain the constituent elements of critical habitat. Essential spawning sites, rearing sites, suitable water quality, migration corridors, and proper estuarine parameters were not observed within the project area. These drainages are man-made, ephemeral, and function to convey storm water runoff, and they do not provide any suitable steelhead habitat. Arroyo Grande Creek and its tributaries do not occur within a designated California red-legged frog critical habitat unit. Therefore, impacts to critical habitat would be less than significant. Riparian habitat occurs in scattered locations within the project area, mostly in or adjacent to the on-site drainage ditches. The areas of riparian habitat are relatively small and fragmented. These riparian areas do not provide adequate continuity and are too close in proximity to traffic disturbance to be considered a substantial riparian migratory corridor within the project area. However, the proposed project has the potential to impact riparian areas within the project area. Mitigation would be implemented to minimize effects on riparian habitat to less than significant levels. Therefore, impacts on riparian or sensitive habitat areas would be less than significant with mitigation. c): An assessment of jurisdictional features was conducted to determine the extent of impacts to wetlands within the project area (SWCA 2017). No jurisdictional wetlands were delineated within the project area and no other isolated or adjacent wetland areas were identified within the project area. The project area does not occur within the Coastal Zone, so a one-parameter wetland delineation is not necessary for compliance with the California Coastal Act. The assessment of jurisdictional features identified three drainages within the project area that may qualify as other waters of the U.S. (non-wetlands). These drainage ditches have a nexus with Arroyo Grande Creek, which is considered a water of the U.S. due to its connectivity to the Pacific Ocean. The three drainages rank low in terms of function and value. This is indicative of their relatively small size and floodwater storage capacity, low vegetation density (especially along the beds of the drainages), moderate groundwater discharge and low recharge capacity, and low biological diversity. The project is not expected to impact jurisdictional wetlands, but may impact other waters of the U.S. Mitigation has been identified to reduce potential impacts. Potential impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. d): The project site does not contain wildlife corridors due to the extent of urban development. Proposed improvements would modify or replace similar existing infrastructure, and would not interfere with the movement of species. In addition, the project would not disturb drainages or streams suitable for fish migration. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant. e): The City has coordinated with the USFWS, CDFW, and NOAA Fisheries, and has implemented mitigation measures designed to avoid existing marginal habitat areas and resources to the extent possible. The project would not interfere with the natural function of project area habitats and disturbed Item 10.a. - Page 57 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 44 of 152 areas would be restored after project construction. Therefore, the project would not be in conflict with any applicable policies protecting biological resources or environmentally sensitive habitats. Impacts would be less than significant. f): The project is not within an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other habitat conservation plan. No impacts would occur. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact To minimize the potential significant impacts to biological resources, the following mitigation measures would be implemented. BIO/mm-1 Prior to project implementation, the City shall retain a qualified biological monitor(s) approved by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife to ensure compliance with mitigation measures within the project environmental documents. Monitoring shall occur throughout the length of construction or as directed by the regulatory agencies. Monitoring may be reduced to part time once construction activities are underway and the potential for additional impacts are reduced. BIO/mm-2 During project activities, the biological monitor(s) shall coordinate with federal, state, and local agencies and the construction contractor to ensure construction schedules comply with biological mitigation requirements. BIO/mm-3 The project site shall be clearly flagged or fenced so that the contractor is aware of the limits of allowable site access points and disturbance. Areas within the designated project site that do not require regular access shall be clearly flagged as off-limit areas to avoid/discourage unnecessary damage to sensitive habitats within and near the project site. BIO/mm-4 During project activities, any work that must occur within drainage ditches shall be conducted when they do not contain flowing water, if possible. BIO/mm-5 Erosion control measures shall be implemented during construction. Temporary sediment control BMPs (i.e., temporary large sediment control barrier) shall be installed in appropriate areas to prevent introduction of silt/sediment to aquatic areas within the project area. At a minimum, temporary sediment control BMPs shall be checked and maintained on a daily basis during the rainy season throughout the construction period. The contractor shall also apply adequate dust control techniques, such as site watering, in areas where necessary during construction. BIO/mm-6 During project activities, the cleaning and refueling of equipment and vehicles shall occur only within a designated staging area and at least 100 feet away from a concentrated flow of storm water if performed within a flood plain, or 50 feet if outside of a flood plain. This staging area shall conform to Best Management Practices (BMPs) applicable to attaining zero discharge of storm water runoff. At a minimum, all equipment and vehicles shall be checked and maintained on a daily basis to ensure proper operation and avoid potential leaks or spills. Item 10.a. - Page 58 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 45 of 152 BIO/mm-7 All project-related spills of hazardous materials within or adjacent to project sites shall be cleaned-up immediately. Spill prevention and clean-up materials shall be on-site at all times during construction. BIO/mm-8 The biological monitor(s) shall ensure that the spread of introduction of invasive exotic plant species will be avoided to the maximum extent possible. When practicable, invasive exotic plants in the project site shall be removed and properly disposed. BIO/mm-9 During construction, trash shall be contained, removed from the work site, and disposed of regularly. Following construction, all trash and construction debris shall be removed from work areas. BIO/mm-10 Prior to construction, when feasible, tree trimming and removal will be scheduled to occur from September 1 through February 14, outside of the typical nesting bird season, to avoid potential impacts to nesting birds. All tree trimming or removal should be monitored by a qualified biologistIf feasible, removal of trees shall be scheduled to occur in the fall and winter (between September 1 and February 15), after fledging and before the initiation of the nesting season. BIO/mm-11 If construction activities are proposed during the typical nesting season (February 15 to September 1), a nesting bird survey will be conducted by qualified biologists no more than 2 weeks prior to the start of construction to determine presence/absence of nesting birds within the Biological Study Area (BSA) and immediate vicinity. Caltrans will be notified if federally listed nesting bird species are observed during the surveys and will facilitate coordination with the USFWS, if necessary, to determine an appropriate avoidance strategy. Likewise, coordination with the CDFW will be facilitated by the City, if necessary, to devise a suitable avoidance plan for state- listed nesting bird species. If raptor nests are observed within the BSA during the preconstruction nesting bird surveys, the nest(s) shall be designated an Environmental Sensitive Area and protected by a minimum 500-foot avoidance buffer until the breeding season ends or until a qualified biologist determines that all young have fledged and are no longer reliant upon the nest or parental care for survival. Similarly, if active passerine nests are observed within the BSA during the preconstruction nesting bird surveys, the nest(s) shall be designated an Environmentally Sensitive Area and protected by a minimum 250-foot avoidance buffer until the breeding season ends or until a qualified biologist determines that all young have fledged and are no longer reliant upon the nest or parental care for survival. Resource agencies may consider proposed variances from these buffers if there is a compelling biological or ecological reason to do so, such as protection of a nest via concealment due to site topography.If trees must be removed from February 15 to September 15, a qualified biologist shall be retained to conduct pre-construction surveys for nesting bird species within the project site. BIO/mm-12 If least Bell’s vireo or any other special-status bird is observed within 100 feet of the BSA during the course of construction or during the preconstruction surveys, all project activities shall cease immediately, and the pursuant resource agencies shall be consulted. Development of additional avoidance and minimization measures will occur as necessary in coordination with the pertinent agencies, as necessaryIf active nests are observed, the applicant shall either: 1) wait for such nesting birds to fledge and leave the project site; 2) establish 100-foot exclusion zones around active nests, where construction will not be allowed in these exclusion zones until young have fledged; or 3) consult with the appropriate resource agencies for guidance prior to site disturbance. Item 10.a. - Page 59 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 46 of 152 BIO/mm-13 During construction, the contractor will make a deliberate effort to limit the use of imported soils for fill. Soils currently existing on-site should be used for fill material. If the use of imported fill material is necessary, the imported material must be obtained from a source that is known to be free of invasive plant species, or the material must consist of purchased clean material such as crushed aggregate, sorted rock, or similar. To avoid the spread of invasive species, the contractor will: a. Remove any invasive plant species within the BSA during construction activities and ensure that they are not replanted. b. Stockpile topsoil and redeposit the stockpiled soil on the slopes after construction is complete; or, c. Transport the topsoil to a permitted landfill for disposal. the project will make all reasonable efforts to limit the use of imported soils for fill. Soils currently existing on-site should be used for fill material. If the use of imported fill material is necessary, the imported material must be obtained from a source that is known to be free of invasive plant species; or the material must consist of purchased clean material such as crushed aggregate, sorted rock, or similar. BIO/mm-14 During construction, the biological monitor(s) will ensure that the spread or introduction of invasive exotic plant species is avoided to the maximum extent practicable. When practicable, invasive exotic plants in the project site will be removed and properly disposed of. Removed invasive plants shall be bagged and tied up so that they do not blow in the wind when being driven off site. To avoid the spread of invasive species, the contractor shall: m. Stockpile topsoil and redeposit the stockpiled soil on the slopes after construction of the new bridge is complete; or n. Transport the topsoil to a certified landfill for disposal. o. Prepare a Habitat Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (HMMP), which shall include restoration planting plans that emphasize the use of native species expected to occur in the area. p. The necessary HMMP would incorporate an invasive species control program. q. All erosion control materials including straw bales, straw wattles, or mulch used on-site must be free of invasive species seed. BIO/mm-15 The Habitat Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (HMMP) restoration planting plans must emphasize the use of native species expected to occur in the area. The HMMP will include an invasive species control program. All erosion control materials including straw bales, straw wattles, or mulch used on-site must be free of invasive species seed. The following avoidance and minimization measures are based on the specific measures included within the Programmatic Biological Opinion for projects that are not likely to adversely affect California red- legged frog, or its critical habitat (Programmatic Concurrence): Item 10.a. - Page 60 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 47 of 152 BIO/mm-16 A biologist with experience in the identification of all life stages of the California red-legged frog, and its critical habitat (75 FR 12816), will survey the project site no more than 48 hours before the onset of work activities. If any life stage of the California red-legged frog is detected the USFWS will be notified prior to the start of construction. If Caltrans and the USFWS determine that adverse effects to the California red-legged frog or its critical habitat cannot be avoided, the proposed project will not commence until the Caltrans completes the appropriate level of consultation with the USFWS. BIO/mm-17 Work activities will take place during the dry season, between April 1 and November 1, when water levels are typically are at their lowest, and California red-legged frogs are likely to be more detectable. Should activities need to be conducted outside of this period, Caltrans may conduct or authorize such activities after obtaining the USFWS's written approval. BIO/mm-18 Before work begins on any proposed project, a biologist with experience in the ecology of the California red-legged frog, as well as the identification of all its life stages, will conduct a training session for all construction personnel, which will include a description of the California red-legged frog, its critical habitat, and specific measures that are being implemented to avoid adverse effects to the subspecies during the proposed project. BIO/mm-19 If any life stage of the California red-legged frog is detected in the project area during construction, work will cease immediately and the resident engineer, authorized biologist, or biological monitor will notify the Ventura Fish and Wildlife Office via telephone or electronic mail. If Caltrans and the USFWS determine that adverse effects to California red-legged frogs cannot be avoided, construction activities will remain suspended until Caltrans and the USFWS complete the appropriate level of consultation. BIO/mm-20 During project activities, all trash that may attract predators will be properly contained, removed from the work site, and disposed of regularly. Following construction, all trash and construction debris will be removed from work areas. BIO/mm-21 Prior to the onset of work, Caltrans will ensure that a plan is in place for prompt and effective response to any accidental spills. All workers will be informed of the importance of preventing spills and of the appropriate measures to implement should a spill occur. BIO/mm-22 All refueling, maintenance, and staging of equipment and vehicles will occur at least 60 feet from aquatic or riparian habitat and not in a location from where a spill would drain directly toward aquatic habitat. The monitor will ensure contamination of aquatic or riparian habitat does not occur during such operations by implementing the spill response plan described in measure 21. BIO/mm-23 Plants used in revegetation will consist of native riparian, wetland, and upland vegetation suitable for the area. Locally collected plant materials will be used to the extent practicable. Invasive, exotic plants will be controlled to the maximum extent practicable. This measure will be implemented in all areas disturbed by activities associated with the project, unless Caltrans and the USFWS determine that it is not feasible or practical. BIO/mm-24 Habitat contours will be returned to their original configuration at the end of project activities in all areas that have been temporarily disturbed by activities associated with the Item 10.a. - Page 61 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 48 of 152 project, unless Caltrans and the USFWS determine that it is not feasible or modification of original contours would benefit the California red-legged frog. BIO/mm-25 The number of access routes, size of staging areas, and the total area of the activity will be limited to the minimum necessary to achieve the project goals. Environmentally Sensitive Areas will be delineated to confine access routes and construction areas to the minimum area necessary to complete construction, and minimize the impact to habitat for the California red-legged frog; this goal includes locating access routes and construction areas outside of aquatic habitat and riparian areas to the maximum extent practicable. BIO/mm-26 To control sedimentation during and after project implementation, Caltrans will implement BMPs outlined in any authorizations or permits issued under the authorities of the Clean Water Act that it receives for the specific project. If BMPs are ineffective, Caltrans will attempt to remedy the situation immediately, in coordination with the USFWS. BIO/mm-27 If a work site is to be temporarily dewatered by pumping, the intake will be screened with wire mesh not larger than 0.2 inch to prevent any California red-legged frogs not initially detected from entering the pump system. If California red-legged frogs are detected during dewatering, and adverse effects to California red-legged frogs cannot be avoided, construction activities will remain suspended until Caltrans and the USFWS complete the appropriate level of consultation. BIO/mm-28 Upon completion of construction activities, any diversions or barriers to flow will be removed in a manner that would allow flow to resume with the least disturbance to the substrate. Alteration of the creek bed will be minimized to the maximum extent possible; any imported material will be removed from the stream bed upon completion of the project. BIO/mm-29 Unless approved by the USFWS, water will not be impounded in a manner that may attract California red-legged frogs. BIO/mm-30 A qualified biologist will permanently remove any individuals of exotic species, such as bullfrogs, crayfish, and centrarchid fishes, from the project area, to the maximum extent possible. The biologist will be responsible for ensuring his or her activities are in compliance with the California Fish and Game Code. BIO/mm-31 To ensure that diseases are not conveyed between work sites by the USFWS- approved biologist, the enclosed fieldwork code of practice developed by the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force will be followed at all times. With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts to biological resources would be less than significant. V. Cultural Resources Environmental Setting This section is largely based on the information provided in the Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) and Supplemental ASR prepared for the project (Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. 2012 and 2014); Historic Property Survey Report (HPSR) and Supplemental HPSR prepared for the project (JRP Item 10.a. - Page 62 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 49 of 152 Historical Consulting, LLC 2012 and 2014); and Paleontological Evaluation Report (PER) prepared for the project (SWCA 2014). The project vicinity was inhabited by speakers of the Obispeño language of the Chumash language family. The entire project area was surveyed for archaeological resources through preparation of the ASR and Supplemental ASR. No cultural materials were identified during surveys conducted during preparation of either report. The HPSR and Supplemental HPSR further concluded that no historic architectural resources are present within the project site. According to geologic mapping by Hall (1973), the project area is underlain by the following geologic units, in approximate ascending stratigraphic order: 1) Pliocene Pismo Formation; 2) Plio-Pleistocene Paso Robles Formation; 3) Quaternary older sand dune deposits (Pleistocene); and 4) Quaternary alluvial deposits (Holocene). Museum collection records maintained by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM) indicate that at least seven fossil localities yielding scientifically significant vertebrate specimens have been documented as close as 10 miles from the project area and within Quaternary-age deposits, the Paso Robles Formation, and the Pismo Formation (McLeod 2011). In addition, the University of California Museum of Paleontology has documented 11 fossil localities in the Pismo Formation yielding at least 27 individual vertebrate specimens as well as an undisclosed number of invertebrates. No fossil specimens were discovered during field surveys conducted in preparation of the PER. The combined results of the literature review and museum records search indicate that the project area is, in part, underlain by geologic units determined to have a high paleontological resource potential (sensitivity). Therefore, project-related ground disturbances in previously undisturbed paleontologically sensitive geologic units may result in an adverse impact to nonrenewable fossil resources unless proper mitigation measures are implemented. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in § 15064.5? b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to § 15064.5? c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? d) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? e) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource as defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074? Item 10.a. - Page 63 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 50 of 152 Discussion a) – b): The entire project area has been the subject of multiple records searches and intensive pedestrian surveys, and no recorded prehistoric or historic resources were identified within the project study area. The project area is heavily disturbed and comprised largely of engineered/artificial fill material. Therefore, potential for disturbance of unknown sub-surface archaeological resources is low. However, portions of the project would require excavation in areas of native soil or at depths in subsurface areas containing native soils. If native surfaces are disturbed, there would be the potential for disturbance of unknown buried cultural materials. Standard mitigation has been proposed to ensure impacts to any unknown resources that may be encountered during project development would be minimized. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. c): The combined results of the literature review and museum records search indicate that the project area is, in part, underlain by geologic units determined to have a high paleontological resource potential (sensitivity). The project site is largely comprised of engineered fill associated with development of US 101, where presence of paleontological resources is very low. However, areas of the project site would be located in native soils or areas of minimal disturbance. Therefore, project-related ground disturbances in previously undisturbed paleontologically sensitive geologic units may result in an adverse impact to nonrenewable fossil resources unless proper mitigation measures are implemented. Excavation plans have been developed for both Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C showing specific areas where excavations are expected to occur to a depth of greater than 1.5 feet or within previously undisturbed areas of paleontologically sensitive formations and excavations that are expected to occur within existing fill or at a depth of less than 1.5 feet. Mitigation is identified to minimize the potential for disturbance of paleontological resources to less than significant levels. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. d): No human remains are known to exist within the project area outside of formally delineated cemeteries, and the likelihood for unknown remains to exist is very low due to the extent of previous disturbance at the site. In addition, based on the archaeological survey, there is no evidence indicating presence of burial sites within the affected area. However, the discovery of unknown human remains is always a possibility during ground disturbances. Protocol for properly responding to the inadvertent discovery of human remains is identified in the State of California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5. This code section states that no further disturbance shall occur until the County Coroner has made a determination of origin and disposition pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. The County Coroner must be notified of the find immediately. If the human remains are determined to be prehistoric, the Coroner will notify the California Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC), which will determine and notify a most likely descendant. The potential for discovery of unknown buried human remains at the site is low, and compliance with existing state law requirements would minimize adverse impacts. Therefore, potential impacts associated with the disturbance of human remains would be less than significant. e): The Native American Heritage Commission was notified of the initial proposed project in a letter sent by consultant staff to Rob Wood, dated September 15, 2005. The letter requested a records search of the sacred lands files and a list of local Native American contacts with whom consultant staff could communicate concerning the project. In a letter dated November 12, 2005, Wood responded that the records search indicated that no Native American sacred sites were known in the immediate area. A list Item 10.a. - Page 64 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 51 of 152 of Native American individuals/organizations that may have knowledge of local cultural resources was provided. These individuals/organizations were notified of the project by letter (dated November 29, 2005) and asked to express any concerns they might have regarding Native American cultural sites within the project area. Follow-up telephone contacts were conducted by consultant staff on January 2, 2006. Comments were offered by several individuals. Julie Lynn Tumamait and Diane Napoleone felt they did not have any specific knowledge of this area. Ms. Tumamait suggested that we speak with someone who knows the area and can prove local lineal descent, such as Lei Lynn Odom. Ms. Odom feels that the general area is sensitive for cultural resources and recalls that bowl fragments have been found in the vicinity. She also noted that there are two historic-period cemeteries in the area; her great-grandmother Rosario Cooper is buried in the Catholic cemetery. Mona Tucker also remarked on the presence of historic-period cemeteries in the area and recommended that a monitor be involved in the project. Additional contact was made with the Native American Heritage Commission on August 10, 2011 updating them on project changes and requesting a current search of the sacred lands files and a list of local Native American contacts. Program Analyst Katy Sanchez responded in a letter dated August 11, 2011 that the records search identified no known Native American cultural resources in the immediate project vicinity. A list of Native American contacts with potential knowledge of the area was provided. Additional letters of notification were mailed to these individuals/groups on August 23, 2011 to update them on the project. Responses received included a telephone call from Obispeño Chumash Peggy Odom on September 1, 2011. Ms. Odom noted that she observed site deposit and bowl mortars well to the south of the project area. Based on mission record information, she has been informed that her ancestors Rosario Cooper and two aunts are buried in the old cemetery north of the highway and east of Camino Mercado. Northern Chumash Tribal spokesman Fred Collins also called to discuss the project. On September 13, 2011 Jones spoke with Mr. Collins in detail about the project Area of Potential Effects, prior surveys, and current negative survey results. He also has relatives buried in the old cemetery and is concerned that no impacts are planned for this location. An email from Mona Tucker, current Tribal Chair for yak titʸu titʸu yak tiłhini Northern Chumash, was received on October 14, 2011. The communication reiterated her families concerns with the rich Chumash cultural of the general southern San Luis Obispo County area and stated the need to protect cultural resources in this sensitive area. In addition to ongoing consultation that the City has conducted throughout the project development phase (since 2005), the City complied with Assembly Bill (AB) 52 by sending a Notice of Opportunity to Consult to all Native American tribes that have provided notice to the City regarding consultation under AB 52 in July 2017. The results of consultation that the City has been engaged in since 2005 identified the general project area as sensitive for cultural resources and several potential sites and cultural resources in the project vicinity. These resources are considered tribal cultural resources. The project area is heavily disturbed and comprised largely of engineered/artificial fill material and no known tribal cultural resources exist within the proposed area of disturbance. Therefore, potential for disturbance of unknown sub-surface tribal cultural resources is low. However, portions of the project would require excavation in areas of native soil or at depths in subsurface areas containing native soils. If native surfaces are disturbed, there would be the potential for disturbance of unknown buried tribal cultural materials. Standard mitigation has been proposed to ensure impacts to any unknown tribal cultural resources that may be encountered during project development would be minimized. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. Item 10.a. - Page 65 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 52 of 152 Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact To minimize the potential significant impacts to cultural resources, the following mitigation measures would be implemented. CUL/mm-1 If a potentially significant cultural resource is encountered during subsurface earthwork activities, all construction activities within a 100-foot radius of the find shall cease until a qualified archaeologist determines whether the uncovered resource requires further study. A standard inadvertent discovery clause shall be included in every grading and construction contract to inform contractors of this requirement. Any previously undiscovered resources found during construction shall be recorded on appropriate California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms and evaluated for significance in terms of California Environmental Quality Act criteria by a qualified archaeologist. Potentially significant cultural resources consist of, but are not limited to, stone, bone, glass, ceramic, wood, or shell artifacts; fossils; or features including hearths, structural remains, or historic dumpsites. If the resource is determined significant under CEQA, the qualified archaeologist shall prepare and implement a research design and archaeological data recovery plan that will capture those categories of data for which the site is significant. The archaeologist shall also perform appropriate technical analysis, prepare a comprehensive report, and file it with the appropriate Information Center and provide for the permanent curation of the recovered materials. CUL/mm-2 A qualified paleontologist will be retained to prepare a paleontological mitigation plan for the proposed project and supervise monitoring of construction excavations. CUL/mm-3 All project-related ground disturbances which may disturb geologic units that are considered to have a high paleontological sensitivity (i.e., previously undisturbed Quaternary older sand dune deposits, or any portions of the Paso Robles and Pismo Formations) will be monitored by a qualified paleontological monitor on a full-time basis. However, the frequency of monitoring may be reduced at the discretion of the qualified paleontologist if the disturbed geologic units are determined to have a low potential to yield significant fossils resources upon further examination of the geologic units during grading operations. Based on the excavation plans provided for both Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C, portions of the project area will involve the placement of fill material, shallow excavation in previously-filled areas, or only surficial excavations of less than 1.5 feet in depth. These excavation areas will not require paleontological monitoring. However, the portions of Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C that are expected to require excavations greater than 1.5 feet in depth or to any depth in previously undisturbed areas of geologically sensitive formations, as designated in the PER (SWCA 2014) should be monitored full-time by a qualified paleontologist. CUL/mm-4 Paleontological resource monitoring will include inspection of exposed rock units during active excavations within sensitive geologic deposits. The monitor will have authority to temporarily divert grading away from exposed fossils to professionally and efficiently recover the fossil specimens and collect associated data. All efforts to avoid delays in project schedules will be made. Monitors will be equipped with the necessary tools for the rapid removal of fossils and retrieval of associated data to prevent construction delays. This equipment will include handheld global positioning system receivers, digital cameras, and cellular phones, as well as a tool kit containing specimen containers and matrix sampling bags, field labels, field tools (e.g., awls, hammers, chisels, shovels, etc.), and plaster kits. Item 10.a. - Page 66 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 53 of 152 CUL/mm-5 At each fossil locality, field data forms will be used to record pertinent geologic data, stratigraphic sections will be measured, and appropriate sediment samples will be collected and submitted for analysis. CUL/mm-6 Recovered fossils will be prepared to the point of curation, identified by qualified experts, listed in a database to facilitate analysis, and reposited in a designated paleontological curation facility. The qualified paleontologist will prepare a paleontological mitigation and monitoring report to be filed with the City of Arroyo Grande, as lead agency, and the repository. The report will include, but will not be limited to, a discussion of the results of the mitigation and monitoring program, an evaluation and analysis of the fossils collected (including an assessment of their significance, age and geologic context), an itemized inventory of fossils collected, a confidential appendix of locality and specimen data with locality maps and photographs, an appendix of curation agreements and other appropriate communications, and a copy of the project-specific paleontological mitigation plan. With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts to cultural resources would be less than significant. VI. Geology and Soils Environmental Setting The proposed project is located within the Coast Ranges province, which is characterized by its many elongate mountain ranges and valleys extending 600 miles along the coast of California from the Oregon border south to the Santa Ynez River in Santa Barbara County. The Arroyo Grande Valley (and the southern Cienega Valley portion) is located near the intersection of the California coastal ranges and the Los Angeles ranges. The project area extends along the base of the coastal foothill terraces that abut the extensive dune fields bordering the Pacific Ocean, and the sloping foothill topography of much of the project area gives way to old stabilized sand dunes to the southwest. The project area encompasses an urbanized landscape within the City of Arroyo Grande on rolling terrain at an elevation of approximately 100 to 140 feet. Soils within the project area are generally channery sandy clay loams to sandy loams with a portion of Xererts-Xerolls-Urban land complex. The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) has mapped twelve soil series within the project vicinity (SCS 1984), including map unit (MU) 115 – Chamise shaly loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes; 116 – Chamise shaly loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes; 117 – Chamise shaly sandy clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes; 126 – Corralitos variant loamy sand, 175 – Mocho silty clay loam, 184 – Oceano sand, 0 to 9 percent slopes; 189 – Pismo loamy sand, 194 – Riverwash, 210 – Still gravelly sandy clay loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; 216 – Tierra sandy loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; and 221 – Xererts-Xerolls-Urban land complex, 0 to 15 percent slopes. Arroyo Grande is located in a geologically complex and seismically active region. Seismic, or earthquake related, hazards have the potential to result in significant public safety risks and widespread property damage. Two of the direct effects of an earthquake include the rupture of the ground surface along the trend or location of a fault, and ground shaking that results from fault movement. Other geologic hazards that may occur in response to an earthquake include liquefaction, seismic settlement, and landslide. The US Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Web Soil Survey was used to estimate the erodibility of the project site. The erosion factor within the project area was in the lower third of the range for erodibility. Item 10.a. - Page 67 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 54 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map, issued by the State Geologist for the area, or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? (Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42.) ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides? b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable, as a result of the project and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse? d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18- 1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste disposal systems, where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? Discussion a) – d): The project is located in an area with multiple geological characteristics that could contribute to unstable earth / soil conditions, including compressible/collapsible soils, high groundwater elevation, moderate liquefaction potential, and moderately high potential for seismic activity, ground shaking, and seismic settlement. The placement of structures within these soil conditions creates the risk for structure instability, damage, failure, and/or collapse. Development of the project would be required to meet or exceed the most current requirements of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), which have been developed to establish the minimum requirements necessary for design to safeguard the public health, safety, and general welfare through structural strength, stability, access, and other standards. Seismic design is based on Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria (SDC), Version 1.7 (Caltrans SDC April 2013). Roadway, Item 10.a. - Page 68 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 55 of 152 pedestrian, and bicycle path elements would comply with the 2011 edition of AASHTO’s “A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets” and relevant City standards. Compliance with AASHTO, Caltrans, and other applicable standards would typically indicate that risks to people and structures, including those related to unstable soil conditions, were properly safeguarded against. The project does not propose development of any habitable structures; therefore, no risk of injury or death as a result of damage or collapse of a habitable structure would occur. Through compliance with applicable standards, the structural components of the project would be designed to withstand anticipated seismic and geologic stresses according to current established engineering practices. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. e): The project does not propose installation of any septic disposal system. Therefore, no impacts would occur. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts No significant impacts related to geology or soils were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. VII. Greenhouse Gas Emissions & Energy Environmental Setting Greenhouse gases (GHG) are any gases that absorb infrared radiation in the atmosphere, and are different from the criteria pollutants discussed in Section III, Air Quality, above. The primary GHGs that are emitted into the atmosphere as a result of human activities are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases. These are most commonly emitted through the burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), agricultural practices, decay of organic waste in landfills, and a variety of other chemical reactions and industrial processes (e.g., the manufacturing of cement). Carbon dioxide is the most abundant GHG and is estimated to represent approximately 80-90% of the principal GHGs that are currently affecting the earth’s climate. According to the ARB, transportation (vehicle exhaust) and electricity generation are the main sources of GHG in the state. The passage of AB32, the California Global Warming Solutions Act (2006), recognized the need to reduce GHG emissions and set the greenhouse gas emissions reduction goal for the State of California into law. The law required that by 2020, State emissions must be reduced to 1990 levels. This is to be accomplished by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from significant sources via regulation, market mechanisms, and other actions. Subsequent legislation (e.g., SB97-Greenhouse Gas Emissions bill) directed the ARB to develop statewide thresholds. In March 2012, the APCD approved thresholds for GHG emission impacts, and these thresholds have been incorporated into the APCD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook. APCD determined that a tiered process for land use development projects was the most appropriate and effective approach for assessing the GHG emission impacts. The tiered approach includes three methods, any of which can be used for any given project: 1. Qualitative GHG Reduction Strategies (e.g. Climate Action Plans): A qualitative threshold that is consistent with AB 32 Scoping Plan measures and goals; or, Item 10.a. - Page 69 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 56 of 152 2. Bright-Line Threshold: Numerical value to determine the significance of a project’s annual GHG emissions; or, 3. Efficiency-Based Threshold: Assesses the GHG impacts of a project on an emissions per capita basis. For most projects, the Bright-Line Threshold of 1,150 Metric Tons CO2/year (MT CO2e/yr) will be the most applicable threshold. The APCD thresholds are for a project’s amortized construction and operational- related GHG emissions. In addition to the land use development threshold options proposed above, a bright-line numerical value threshold of 10,000 MT CO2e/yr was adopted for stationary source (industrial) projects. It should be noted that projects that generate less than the above-mentioned thresholds will also participate in emission reductions because air emissions, including GHGs, are under the purview of the California Air Resources Board (or other regulatory agencies) and will be “regulated” by either CARB, the Federal Government, or other entities. For example, new vehicles will be subject to increased fuel economy standards and emission reductions, large and small appliances will be subject to more strict emissions standards, and energy delivered to consumers will increasingly come from renewable sources. Other programs that are intended to reduce the overall GHG emissions include Low Carbon Fuel Standards, Renewable Portfolio standards and the Clean Car standards. As a result, even the emissions that result from projects that produce fewer emissions than the threshold will be subject to emission reductions. Under CEQA, an individual project’s GHG emissions will generally not result in direct significant impacts. This is because the climate change issue is global in nature. However, an individual project could be found to contribute to a potentially significant cumulative impact. Projects that have GHG emissions above the noted thresholds may be considered cumulatively considerable and require mitigation. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant effect on the environment? b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? Discussion a – b): The project proposes circulation and transportation infrastructure improvements that would alleviate traffic congestion on US 101 and the local roadway system. Project-related traffic would be limited to construction activities and the project would require limited amounts of electricity for traffic and safety lighting, etc. A greenhouse gas analysis was completed pursuant to Caltrans guidelines (TAHA 2017). The build alternatives would result in less GHG emissions than no-build conditions in 2015 and 2035 (TAHA 2017). In addition, certain project components would partially offset greenhouse gas emissions, such as bicycle/pedestrian improvements, additional landscaping, and the roundabout and Park and Ride lot proposed under Alternative 4C. Item 10.a. - Page 70 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 57 of 152 California has passed several pieces of legislation in the past few years aimed at dealing with GHG emissions and climate change. Executive Order S-3-05 set a goal to reduce California’s GHG emissions to: (1) 2000 levels by 2010; (2) 1990 levels by 2020; and (3) 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. These goals were reinforced in 2006 with the passage of Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32) which set forth the same emission reduction goals and further mandated that the CARB create a plan, including market mechanisms, and develop and implement rules to achieve “real, quantifiable, cost-effective reductions of greenhouse gases.” Executive Order S-01-07 set forth California’s low carbon fuel standard, which requires the carbon intensity of the state’s transportation fuels to be reduced by 10% by 2020. In addition, Senate Bill 97 (SB 97) required amendments to the CEQA Guidelines to address GHG emissions; the amendments were put into effect on March 18, 2010. The project would not exceed adopted GHG thresholds applied by the APCD and is not anticipated to generate significant GHG emissions due to the minimal short-term traffic generated, limited energy use, and the beneficial impact on traffic operations and congestion. The project would not conflict with the statewide regulations listed above. In response to CEQA legislation requiring the consideration of Appendix F Energy Conservation when analyzing a project’s impacts, the State CEQA Guidelines were amended in 2019 to incorporate a new subdivision (b) of Section 15126.2, Consideration and Discussion of Significant Environmental Impacts. This new subdivision requires the evaluation of a proposed project’s estimated energy use to determine if it would: (a) result a wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation; or (b) conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency. A proposed project is required to mitigate a wasteful use of energy. The analysis may be included in related analyses of air quality, GHG emissions, or transportation or utilities, at the discretion of the lead agency. Because GHG emissions resulting from construction activities, transportation, and the provision of utility services generally correlates to the consumption of energy resources, particularly non-renewable resources, a project’s estimated GHG emissions serves as a useful proxy to also determine if a project would result in a wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources. To reduce GHG emissions—which in turn could reasonably be expected to reduce the consumption of energy resources that result in GHG emissions—the City adopted a Climate Action Plan in November 2013. The Climate Action Plan identified transportation as the largest source of GHG emissions in the City, at 44 percent of overall emissions. As discussed above, project construction would require limited amounts of electricity for traffic and safety lighting. During construction, fossil fuels, electricity, and natural gas would be used by construction vehicles and equipment. The energy consumed during construction would be temporary and would not represent a significant or wasteful demand on available resources. Regarding operational impacts, the Air Quality Study concluded that both alternatives would not increase vehicle miles traveled and would improve (reduce) vehicle delay at area intersections. The intersection improvements proposed under both alternatives and the auxiliary lane proposed under Alternative 4C may serve to increase roadway capacity, although the increase in vehicle energy consumption would be somewhat offset by increased vehicle speeds and reductions in congestion (which are associated with higher fuel economy). As a result, the GHG analysis found that both Alternatives 1 and 4C would only slightly increase emissions by 2035 due to due to higher traffic volume in future years. Item 10.a. - Page 71 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 58 of 152 An increase in GHG emissions is associated with an increase in energy consumption. However, the movement of vehicles along US 101 in the project area is not considered a wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources. The project would comply with goals and policies of the City’s Climate Action Plan, which indicates the City as the lead agency, does not consider the project’s impacts to be a wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources. Motor vehicles are the primary mode of transportation in rural communities such as Arroyo Grande, and improvements to the roadway infrastructure serve this mode of transportation in a more efficient manner. Further, Alternative 4C proposes improvements to reduce single-occupancy vehicles, such as the bus turnout along Grace Lane and the Park and Ride lot adjacent to the proposed roundabout intersection. Neither alternative would conflict or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency. Alternative 4C would further the goal of the City’s Climate Action Plan to install bicycle routes, street and sidewalk improvements, and park and ride facility improvements. New project components— such as the relocated modular building and new parking lots–would be designed in accordance with applicable efficiency codes (e.g., Title 24). The implementation of bus pull-outs, pedestrian access improvements, and improved traffic signal phasing would further reduce congestion and fuel consumption. Impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts No significant impacts related to GHGs or Energy Consumption were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. VIII. Hazards and, Hazardous Materials, & Wildfire Environmental Setting Based on a search of the California Department of Toxic Substance Control’s EnviroStor database and the State Water Resources Control Board’s Geotracker system, there are several environmental cleanup sites within the project area. All sites have been determined completed and closed, indicating that the site has been remediated to the satisfaction of regulatory agency staff. There is also a current Cleanup Program Site within 0.5 mile of the project area at the northbound US 101 ramps/Grand Avenue intersection. The site is related to pending cleanup of gasoline and other contaminants discovered during underground storage tank removal in 1988. The project area is a major transportation corridor supporting millions of trips over previous decades. It is highly likely that the surface soils along these roadways are affected by deposition of contaminants, including aerial lead, oils, fuels, and other lubricants. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? Item 10.a. - Page 72 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 59 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and/or accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials, substances, or waste into the environment? c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites, compiled pursuant to Government Code §65962.5, and, as a result, create a significant hazard to the public or environment? e) Be located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport? If so, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? f) Be located in the vicinity of a private airstrip? If so, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death from wildland fires, including areas where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? Discussion a) – c): Although US 101 and local roadways within the project area are commonly used for the routine transport of potentially hazardous materials, the proposed project would not significantly change existing land uses or cause a routine or permanent increase in the transport of hazardous substances within the project area. No change in the transport or handling of hazardous materials within proximity to adjacent schools would occur outside of construction activities. Oils, gasoline, lubricants, fuels, and other potentially hazardous substances would be used and stored on- site during construction activities. Should a spill or leak of these materials occur during construction activities, sensitive resources within the project vicinity could be adversely affected. Such activities would also occur in close proximity to Saint Patrick’s School and other sensitive adjacent land uses. However, such use would be short-term and subject to standard requirements for the handling of hazardous Item 10.a. - Page 73 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 60 of 152 materials. Mitigation would be implemented to ensure potential impacts were reduced to less than significant. The Hazardous Waste Initial Site Assessment (Haro 2017) prepared for the project identified two sites that may have residual contamination that could impact the project area: the Arroyo Grande Shell gas station located at 222 Grand Avenue and the Chevron USA gas station at 251 Grand Avenue. The Shell station has a long history of releases and cleanup for petroleum related contaminants. While the site has been deemed closed by the Central Coast RWQCB, a notation in the case file states: “Residual soil and groundwater wastes continues to underlie the site that could pose an unacceptable risk under certain site development activities such as site grading, excavation, or de-watering. The County of San Luis Obispo Environmental Health Services (EHS) and appropriate local planning and building departments must be notified prior to any changes in land use, and site redevelopment. Future site disturbance could require worker health and safety protection, and restrictions on the disposal of soil and groundwater. The levels of residual wastes and any associated risks are expected to diminish with time. Additionally, EHS may also require additional assessment and remediation if the property is proposed to be redeveloped. Additional action by the EHS may include, but is not limited to, a case review, further investigations, soil gas analysis, remedial action, and human health risk assessment.” The Chevron USA gas station was also the location of multiple investigations from underground storage tanks releases. This site has also been closed to further action by the RWQCB. In this case, however, the RWQCB did not place restrictions on future use or construction like those applied to the Shell station (Haro 2017). The project does not propose the use, storage, or discharge of any hazardous substances during project operation and would not change the existing land use of the project site or substantially increase the potential use of hazardous materials in the project vicinity. Therefore, the project would not create a significant hazard to the public through foreseeable accident or upset. However, existing infrastructure proposed to be demolished could include asbestos containing materials (ACM), lead-based paint, or aerially deposited lead. A previous analysis was conducted for the project (Kleinfelder 2006, 2007), which included limited testing for asbestos and aerially deposited lead. The limited asbestos survey indicated asbestos was not detected above the reporting limit; however, ACM may still occur in other untested areas of the project area. The limited aerially deposited lead assessment identified soils containing lead in excess of concentration thresholds to a depth of at least 1.5 feet below ground surface. In addition, paint used on bridge railings and other built components within the project area proposed for demolition could contain lead-based paint. Other identified hazards identified in the project area include gas transmission lines, chemically- treated wood posts that could contain elevated concentrations of preservative chemicals, pole-mounted transformers that may contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, a toxic pollutant previously used in electrical components before being banned by the federal government in 1979), and yellow traffic striping paint that may contain lead. A review of the U.S. Geological Survey map of the Arroyo Grande Northeast 7.5-Minute Quadrangle indicates the majority of the project area is underlain by Holocene to late-Pleistocene-aged alluvial deposits consisting of unconsolidated sand, silt, and clay, and old Pleistocene-eolian deposits. These deposits are not likely to contain NOA (Haro 2017). The project is not located within an area identified as Item 10.a. - Page 74 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 61 of 152 having the potential to contain naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) based on the APCD’s NOA map. Therefore, potential impacts associated with NOA are less than significant. Disturbance and handling of these toxic substances can result in significant health impacts on workers or other persons exposed to the substances. They can also damage adjacent habitats and contaminate proximate soils, surfaces, and waters that receive storm water runoff from within the project area. The primary federal laws regulating hazardous wastes and materials are the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA). The purpose of CERCLA, often referred to as “Superfund,” is to identify and clean up abandoned contaminated sites so that public health and welfare are not compromised. The RCRA provides for “cradle to grave” regulation of hazardous waste generated by operating entities. Other federal laws include: the Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act (CERFA) of 1992, Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, Safe Drinking Water Act, Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA), Atomic Energy Act, Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), and Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). The California Hazardous Waste Control Law is administered by the California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). DTSC has adopted extensive regulations governing the generation, transportation, and disposal of hazardous wastes. These regulations impose cradle-to-grave requirements for handling hazardous wastes in a manner that protects human health and the environment. The Hazardous Waste Control Law regulations establish requirements for identifying, packaging, and labeling hazardous wastes. They prescribe management practices for hazardous wastes; establish permit requirements for hazardous waste treatment, storage, disposal, and transportation; and identify hazardous wastes that cannot be disposed of in landfills. Hazardous waste is tracked from the point of generation to the point of disposal or treatment using hazardous waste manifests. The California Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Cal/OSHA) is responsible for assuring worker safety in the handling and use of chemicals in the workplace. Cal/OSHA assumes primary responsibility for developing and enforcing workplace safety regulations. Cal/OSHA hazardous materials regulations include requirements for safety training, availability of safety equipment, hazardous substance exposure warnings, and emergency action and fire prevention plan preparation. Cal/OSHA has established the Asbestos Construction Standard and Lead Construction Standards to regulate all construction work where exposure to asbestos may occur or where an employee may be occupationally exposed to lead. Caltrans requires that any encounter with an unknown hazardous contaminant during construction follow the Caltrans Unknown Hazards Procedure. The procedure includes a stop work in the vicinity of the find, field review by the Caltrans resident engineer or district construction hazardous waste coordinator/district hazardous waste coordinator, and development of a hazardous waste investigation and removal plan (if necessary). Mitigation measures have been proposed to minimize the potential for exposure to unknown hazardous contaminants, and to minimize potential impacts associated with ACM, lead-based paint, aerially deposited lead, and other known hazards within the project area. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. d): There are no active hazardous material sites within the project boundary. No disturbance is proposed within 0.5 mile of the nearest underground storage tank cleanup site, and project activities at the northbound US 101 ramps/Grand Avenue intersection would be generally limited to minor lane Item 10.a. - Page 75 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 62 of 152 widening and restriping. Mitigation has been identified to ensure project-related activities do not disturb proximate contaminated sites. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. e) – f): The project site is not located within an airport land use plan or within 2 miles of any public airport or private airstrip. The proposed project would not substantially change existing uses and would not result in increased hazards related to air traffic. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. g): The project would improve existing transportation infrastructure to improve operation of US 101 and the local roadway network. The project would improve long-term access in the project vicinity and adequate alternative access exists for emergency purposes during construction activities. The project would not interfere with any emergency response or evacuation plans. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. h): The proposed project is located in an urban area and would not expose people or structures to a substantial risk of wildfires. The Arroyo Grande Fire Department is located less than 0.5 mile from the project corridor and response times would be within acceptable levels. In response to several years of extreme and destructive fire seasons, Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines was updated in 2019 to include new questions that address a project’s potential wildfire impacts in more detail than previously required. The new questions focus on whether projects located in or near state responsibility areas (where the state has financial responsibility of preventing and suppressing fires), or lands classified as very high fire severity zones by local agencies, and would: a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? As discussed above, the project site is located in an urbanized area and not located in an area designated as a state responsibility area or lands classified as a very high hazard severity zone. In addition, the project would improve long-term access in the project vicinity and adequate alternative access exists for emergency purposes during construction activities. The project is located in an urbanized area of stabilized soils and both alternatives propose storm water drainage improvements to ensure adequate conveyance capacity. Thus, the project would not expose people or structures to significant risks related to wildfire. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Item 10.a. - Page 76 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 63 of 152 Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact To minimize the potential significant impacts related to hazards and hazardous materials, the following mitigation measures would be implemented. HAZ/mm-1 Prior to construction, the City shall prepare a Hazardous Material Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plan to minimize the potential for, and effects of, spills of hazardous or toxic substances during construction of the project. The plan shall be submitted for review and approval by the City Public Works Director, and shall include, at minimum, the following: a. A description of storage procedures and construction site maintenance and upkeep practices; b. Identification of a person or persons responsible for monitoring implementation of the plan and spill response; c. Identification of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be implemented to ensure minimal impacts to the environment occur, including but not limited to the use of containment devices for hazardous materials, training of construction staff regarding safety practices to reduce the chance for spills or accidents, and use of non-toxic substances where feasible; d. A description of proper procedures for containing, diverting, isolating, and cleaning up spills, hazardous substances and/or soils, in a manner that minimizes impacts on surface and groundwater quality and sensitive biological resources; e. A description of the actions required if a spill occurs, including which authorities to contact and proper clean-up procedures; and f. A requirement that all construction personnel participate in an awareness training program conducted by qualified personnel approved by the City Public Works Director. The training must include a description of the Hazardous Materials Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plan, the plan’s requirements for spill prevention, information regarding the importance of preventing spills, the appropriate measures to take should a spill occur, and identification of the location of all clean-up materials and equipment. HAZ/mm-2 Demolition of existing structures and/or infrastructure shall be conducted in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements, including the requirements stipulated in the National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (40 CFR 61, Subpart M – asbestos NESHAP). These requirements include, but are not limited to, notification to the APCD, an asbestos survey conducted by a Certified Asbestos Inspector, and applicable removal and disposal requirements of identified asbestos containing materials. HAZ/mm-3 A Soil Management Plan and Health and Safety Plan shall be developed for the project and subject to approval by Caltrans to ensure contaminated soils excavated during the project construction are handled, stockpiled, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. Soils excavated during the project shall be tested for lead concentrations and the Soil Management Plan shall establish a Reuse Screening Level for the excavated soils; excavated soils with contaminant concentrations below the Reuse Screening Levels may be reused during construction on the right-of-way, while soils with contaminant concentrations exceeding the Reuse Screening Levels shall be managed as hazardous waste and disposed of at a facility that accepts soil with the detected concentrations of contaminants. Special handling, treatment, or Item 10.a. - Page 77 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 64 of 152 disposal of aerially deposited lead in soils during construction activities within that portion of the project within Caltrans right of way shall be consistent with the California Department of Toxic Substances Control and Caltrans Soil Management Agreement for Aerially Deposited Lead- Contaminated Soils (effective July 1, 2016). HAZ/mm-4 Prior to initiation of construction, a Lead Compliance Plan shall be prepared by the contractor to prevent or minimize worker exposure to lead from handling material containing aerially-deposited lead (California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Section 1532.1). This plan shall also be required for work performed on painted structures. The contractor shall prepare a written, project-specific Excavation and Transportation Plan establishing procedures the contractor shall use for excavating, stockpiling, transporting, and placing (or disposing) of material containing aerially deposited lead. The plan must conform to Department of Toxic Substance Control and California Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations. For samples where lead levels exceed hazardous waste criteria, the excavated soil shall be either managed or disposed of as a California hazardous waste or stockpiled and resampled to confirm waste classification and potential utilization of Caltrans’ hazardous waste agreement to recycle soil on site. The appropriate Caltrans Standard Special Provision shall be included in the Plans, Specifications, and Estimate. HAZ/mm-5 Built structures within the project area proposed for demolition or removal, including all concrete, painted surfaces, and treated wood poles and soils at the base of poles, shall be tested for asbestos containing material, lead-based paint, and petroleum hydrocarbons and other wood preservative chemicals. Testing shall be conducted prior to initiation of construction and estimates during the Plans, Specifications, and Estimates phase of the project shall include provisions for proper removal and disposal by a licensed contractor. Any identified contaminants and toxic materials shall be handled, treated, and disposed of in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. In the event hydrocarbon-contaminated soils are encountered, the APCD shall be contacted immediately and no later than 48 hours after affected material is discovered to determine if an APCD permit will be required. HAZ/mm-6 The electrical company responsible for the electrical transformers present within the project area shall be contacted to determine if the transformers contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). If the transformers contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), then they shall be removed and disposed of in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. Any identified leaking transformers shall be considered a potential PCB hazard unless tested and shall be handled accordingly. HAZ/mm-7 The gas company responsible for the gas transmission pipelines located within the project area shall be contacted to delineate the location of the gas transmission pipelines. The location of the pipelines shall be shown on all project plans and specifications. HAZ/mm-8 Underground Service Alert for Northern/Central California and Nevada (USA North) shall be contacted prior to any subsurface excavation to determine the location of any subsurface utility lines. HAZ/mm-9 Testing and removal requirements for yellow traffic striping and pavement marking materials shall be performed in accordance with Caltrans Construction Policy Bulleting 99-2 (Caltrans Construction Manual Chapter 7-107E). Item 10.a. - Page 78 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 65 of 152 HAZ/mm-10 Any previously unknown hazardous waste or material encountered as part of construction of the proposed project shall be handled, treated, and disposed of in accordance with Caltrans Unknown Hazards Procedures. HAZ/mm-11 Prior to any disturbance at or within 100 feet of the Arroyo Grande Shell Gas Station located at 222 Grand Avenue, the City shall consult with the California Department of Toxic Substances, Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, County of San Luis Obispo Environmental Health Department, and Caltrans Headquarters Hazardous Waste Management Section regarding the potential disturbance of hazardous substances and materials at the site. Prior to any disturbance at or within 100 feet of the Arroyo Grande Shell Gas Station, the City shall prepare a Hazardous Materials/Hazardous Waste Management, Removal, and Remediation Plan. The plan shall, at minimum, include worker health and safety protection measures and restrictions on the disposal of excavated soil and groundwater. The plan shall incorporate any additional assessment and remediation required by the California Department of Toxic Substances, Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, County of San Luis Obispo Environmental Health Department, and Caltrans Headquarters Hazardous Waste Management Section. The Plan shall include measures that ensure all hazardous materials involvement would be coordinated with the appropriate federal, state, and local regulatory agencies and all hazardous materials encountered would be removed, handled, and disposed of in accordance with state and federal regulations. With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts related to hazards and hazardous materials would be less than significant. IX Hydrology and Water Quality Environmental Setting This section is based on information provided in the Water Quality Assessment Report prepared for the project (SWCA 2017). Hydrology within the project area has been significantly altered by development and road construction. Hardscape runoff from streets and buildings in the project area is diverted through a series of manmade drainage ditches, detention basins, and culverts. There are three man-made ditches excavated in upland areas to capture and direct urban runoff within the project area. The ditches consist of open v-shaped channels with exposed soil/substrate or concrete lining. They convey runoff from US 101 and surrounding roadways to the Old Ranch Road drainage and Arroyo Grande Creek. All surface waters west of Rancho Parkway generally flow west, eventually draining into Meadow Creek and Pismo Lake Ecological Reserve, while all surface waters east of Rancho Parkway generally drain east towards Arroyo Grande Creek. The Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood Insurance Rate Map indicates that floodplains are present on the northwestern and southeastern ends of the project area. In the northwest, Meadow Creek and the East Fork of Meadow Creek converge near the intersection of West Branch Street and North Oak Park Boulevard with Zone AE and Zone X floodplains. In addition, a Zone A drainage is located between West Branch Street and Highway 101 from a detention pond east of Camino Mercado to the Meadow Creek confluence. In the southeast, Arroyo Grande Creek east of Grande Avenue contains Zone A, AE, and X floodplains. Zone A and AE floodplains have a 1% chance of annual flooding while Zone X floodplains generally have a 0.2% to 1% chance of annual flooding. The project area is located in the Estero Bay Hydrologic Unit, in the Arroyo Grande Hydrologic Area, and in the Oceano Hydrologic Sub-Area – Hydrologic Unit Number 310.31. The proposed project is located Item 10.a. - Page 79 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 66 of 152 primarily within the Arroyo Grande Creek watershed, approximately 7.5 miles below the Lopez Lake Dam. US Geological Service quadrangle maps for Pismo Beach, Arroyo Grande Northeast and Oceano, California show two blue-line channels within the project area, one at the western end of the project area near the Camino Mercado/West Branch Street intersection and another beginning just north of Old Ranch Road in the northeastern portion of the project site. Road construction has altered the original natural channels for these blue-line drainages, and flows are now contained by man-made channels, detention basins, and culverts. The Camino Mercado drainage directs flows west through a culvert and concrete v-ditch to Meadow Creek and the Pismo Lake Ecological Reserve. The Old Ranch Road drainage diverts flows east via a culvert that passes under Grand Avenue before connecting to Arroyo Grande Creek east of the project site (SWCA 2017). The project area is underlain by the Santa Maria Groundwater Basin, which underlies more than 280 square miles in the southwestern corner of San Luis Obispo County and the northwestern corner of Santa Barbara County. In San Luis Obispo County, the Santa Maria Basin consists of the main basin (Santa Maria) and three subbasins: Arroyo Grande Valley, Pismo Creek Valley, and Nipomo Valley. The project area is within the Arroyo Grande Valley subbasin, which underlies approximately 3,860 acres. The subbasin is drained by Arroyo Grande Creek and its tributaries from below Lopez Lake Dam to the basin’s southern boundary at the Wilmar Avenue fault, which separates it from the main Santa Maria Basin. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge, such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level that would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial on- or off-site erosion or siltation? d) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in on- or off-site flooding? e) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? f) Substantially degrade water quality? Item 10.a. - Page 80 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 67 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact g) Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area, as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map, or other flood hazard delineation map? h) Place structures that would impede or redirect flood flows within a 100-year flood hazard area? i) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death from flooding, including flooding resulting from the failure of a levee or dam? j) Result in inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? Discussion a), c) – f): Based on the highway storm water runoff data collected by the Caltrans Storm Water Research and Monitoring Program, typical pollutants from California highways include heavy metals, sediment, and litter. Caltrans has a well-developed storm water program that, under most circumstances, addresses all potentially significant impacts to water quality during storm events. This program is primarily intended to comply with Caltrans Statewide NPDES Stormwater Permit and ensures that all construction, design, and treatment best management practices (BMPs) are implemented and comply with RWQCB requirements. As traffic increases in the project area, the amount of pollutants originating from cars and trucks (i.e., tire and brake lining wear, litter, and spills during vehicle accidents) is also expected to increase. The project would incorporate proposed design pollution prevention BMPs and temporary construction site BMPs under both alternatives. Alternative 4C would also utilize permanent storm water treatment BMPs if the required water quality volume cannot be infiltrated through design pollution prevention infiltration type BMPs. The project design allows for the ease of maintaining all BMPs throughout the period of construction. Construction activities can be phased to minimize soil-disturbing activities during the rainy season and all disturbed soil areas would be paved or stabilized by the end of construction. There is an existing permanent storm water treatment BMP within the project limits. Two biofiltration swales are located on the southbound side of US 101 from postmile (PM) 13.35 to 13.61 and PM 13.19 to 13.29 (generally between the southbound Halcyon Road on-ramp and Grand Avenue overcrossing). Under Alternative 1, fill at the northwest quadrant of the US 101/Grand Avenue interchange would cover part of an existing bio-strip. Hydroseed and compost would be placed to restore the existing bio-strip. All constituents and parameters in nearby surface water bodies found to be elevated (compared to background) or exceeding published water quality standards are potential concerns for the proposed project. The proposed project will incorporate permanent design pollution prevention BMPs (and permanent storm water treatment BMPs under Alternative 4C, if necessary) to the maximum extent feasible to minimize the direct discharge of highway storm water to adjacent waterways. Permanent impacts to water quality could occur over months or years following construction of the project. The primary causes of these impacts would be from increased storm water runoff rates and Item 10.a. - Page 81 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 68 of 152 volumes, increased storm water pollutant loads, changes in riparian and wetland areas, and spreading of invasive plant species that could adversely affect riparian areas. Construction of the project is expected to take between 9 and 12 months to complete and span at least one rainy season. The exhaust from construction equipment contains hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, suspended particulate matter, and odors, which could have an effect on adjacent waterways. Leaky construction equipment has the potential to drip or spill fuels, petroleum products, and hydraulic fluids among other hazardous substances. The use of asphalt, concrete, and other harmful chemicals during construction activities would also add to the potential of these substances entering creek channels during activities in and near water bodies and wetlands or other jurisdictional USACE waters within the project limits. It is estimated that the largest percentage of construction pollutants would be sediment, construction debris from demolished structures, and dust generated during excavation, grading, hauling, demolition, and various other activities. The impacts of these activities would vary each day as construction progresses and onsite conditions change. Potential sources of temporary surface water impacts include construction materials, contaminants in the existing roadway, vehicle leaks, traffic accidents, and illegal dumping. Temporary construction site storm water BMPs will be implemented to minimize or eliminate chemical releases to ground and surface waters. Due to the urbanized nature of most drainage systems throughout the project corridor, many potential opportunities exist for upgrading deficiencies and or enhancing impaired beneficial uses within the project corridor. The proposed project would be subject to two separate National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements. Areas of the project within the Caltrans right-of-way will be regulated consistent with the requirements of the Caltrans NPDES Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4) permit, and areas of the project within the City right-of-way would be regulated consistent with the City’s NPDES MS4 permit. The proposed project’s Project Scope Summary Report (PSSR) was signed on June 25, 2013. Therefore, it is grandfathered under the new Caltrans NPDES permit (Order 2012-0011 DWQ). The new Caltrans Permit Order No. 2012-0011 DWQ, effective July 1, 2013, states, under the Project Planning and Design section, that the new permit requirements only apply to new and redevelopment projects that have not completed the project initiation phase. Therefore, the proposed project would be subject to the requirements contained within the Caltrans 1999 NPDES Permit Order No. 99-DWQ-06. Standard temporary construction site and permanent design pollution prevention and sStorm water BMPs will be utilized during and after construction of the project to control potential discharges of pollutants to surface water. BMPs would be designed with the goal of controlling general gross pollutants and/or sedimentation/siltation, depending on location. The required storm water pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) will address all the BMPs necessary to prevent water quality impacts during construction of the project. In addition, buffers from sensitive resources such as wetlands and riparian corridors would be established throughout the project area. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. b): The project would not create long-term water demand and would not deplete groundwater supplies. Short-term construction related water demands would be served by the City’s non-potable municipal water supply. Item 10.a. - Page 82 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 69 of 152 Impacts would be less than significant. g) – i): The proposed project would not place any housing within a 100-year flood zone. Based on County mapping, small areas of disturbance near the northbound US 101 ramp intersections at Camino Mercado and Grand Avenue would occur within areas designated as within the 100-year flood zone. However, no new or substantially different use would be developed that would impede or redirect flood flows. On-site drainage patterns would be controlled as described above. The project would not create a new use that would expose additional people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death from flooding, including flooding resulting from the failure of a levee or dam. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant. j): The project is not in an area that would be affected by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow. No impacts would occur. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact To minimize the potential significant impacts related to hydrology and water quality, the following mitigation measures would be implemented. HYD/mm-1 Prior to commencement of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), which shall include Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be implemented and monitored prior to and during construction. The SWPPP would include a Construction Site Monitoring Program that presents procedures and methods related to the visual monitoring and sampling and analysis plans for non-visible pollutants, sediment and turbidity, and pH. HYD/mm-2 The City shall implement, at minimum, the following BMPs. Temporary Construction Measures a. All substantial ground disturbance shall be limited to the dry season or periods when rainfall is not predicted to the extent feasible, to minimize erosion and sediment transport to surface waters; b. Disturbed areas shall be stabilized or re-vegetated prior to the start of the rainy season; c. Impacts to vegetation shall be minimized. The work area shall be flagged to identify its limits. Vegetation shall not be removed or intentionally damaged beyond these limits. d. Construction materials and soil piles shall be placed in designated areas where they could not enter storm drains due to spillage or erosion. e. Waste and debris generated during construction shall be stored in designated waste collection areas and containers away from watercourses, and shall be disposed of regularly. f. During construction, washing of concrete trucks, paint, equipment, or similar activities shall occur only in areas where polluted water and materials can be contained for subsequent removal from the site. Wash water shall not be discharged to the storm drains, street, drainage ditches, creeks, or wetlands. Concrete washout area shall be isolated from Item 10.a. - Page 83 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 70 of 152 storm drains, and wash water and waste shall be removed from project site. The location of the washout area shall be clearly noted at the construction site with signs. g. All fueling of heavy equipment shall occur in a designated area removed from on-site drainages, such that any spillage would not enter surface waters. The designated refueling area shall include a drain pan or drop cloth and absorbent materials to clean up spills. The location of the fueling area shall be clearly noted at the construction site with signs. h. Vehicles and equipment shall be maintained properly to prevent leakage of hydrocarbons and coolant, and shall be examined for leaks on a daily basis. All maintenance shall occur in a designated offsite area. The designated area shall include a drain pan or drop cloth and absorbent materials to clean up spills. i. Any accidental spill of hydrocarbons or coolant that may occur on the construction site shall be cleaned immediately. Absorbent materials shall be maintained on the construction site for this purpose. j. Temporary placement of fill shall be located outside of any drainage ways. k. Adequate measures shall be applied to all disturbed portions of the project site to control dust, such as daily watering or hydro-mulching until vegetation cover is well established. l. Any fill or stockpiling that is to be left more than 30 days shall be hydro-seeded or covered immediately upon completion of the fill or stockpiling work. m. All fill material shall be “clean” and free of any potentially hazardous materials or hazardous waste. n. Rain Event Action Plan (REAP). Risk Level 2 projects are required to prepare a REAP, which will describe projected storm information and list specific actions required to be taken before predicted rain events. o. Soil Stabilization Measures. Minimum soil stabilization measures for the project shall include move-in/move-out erosion control, use of temporary hydraulic mulch on any exposed disturbed soils, temporary covers to protect disturbed soil areas, and temporary fencing to designate environmentally sensitive areas as outside of the work area limits. Analysis of additional soil stabilization measures will continue during the design phase. p. Sediment Control Measures. Minimum sediment control measures for the project shall include temporary fiber rolls to minimize sediment-laden sheet flows and concentrated flows from discharging offsite, and temporary drainage inlet protection to prevent sediment from entering current or proposed storm drains. Investigation into additional sediment control measures, including the use of sediment traps, will continue during the design phase. q. Tracking Controls. To prevent the tracking of mud and dirt off-site, stabilized construction entrances and exits shall be placed at multiple points throughout the project site. Street sweeping shall be implemented to remove any tracked sediment. r. Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control. Concrete washout bins shall be considered for all concrete-related work activities. s. Job Site Management. The project’s proposed Construction Site Management includes controlling potential sources of water pollution before they enter any storm water systems Item 10.a. - Page 84 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 71 of 152 or watercourses and employee and subcontractor training, including the proper selection, deployment, and repair of construction site BMPs used within the project site. t. Storm Wwater Sampling and Analysis. Risk Level 2 projects are required to perform storm water sampling at all discharge locations during qualifying rain events. The samples shall be analyzed for pH and turbidity, and subject to numeric action levels. Permanent Design Measures u. Downstream Effects Related to Potentially Increased Flows. Design pollution prevention BMPs shall be incorporated to promote infiltration, maintain or restore pre-project hydrology, as well as provide overall water quality improvement of discharges. Potential water quality improvement measures include grading slopes to blend with natural terrain and decrease the need for dikes, designing permanent drainage facilities that mimic the existing drainage patterns of the area, constructing permanent vegetated drainage ditches to decrease the velocity of discharge, and maintaining existing vegetated areas to the extent feasible. v. Alternative 4C would modify local drainage along the roadway by bisecting a roadside ditch. Connectivity shall be maintained with a culvert crossing the north portion of the proposed intersection. w. Slope/Surface Protection Systems. The proposed side slopes to accommodate the new improvements would be minor and would be 2:1 or flatter, consistent with existing slopes, except for slopes adjacent to the realigned southbound US 101 on-ramp from Grand Avenue, where slopes would be 4:1 (horizontal:vertical [H:V]). Other slope/surface protection items shall include slope paving, hydroseed, and move-in/move-out. x. Concentrated Flow Conveyance Systems. Open vegetated conveyances would be prioritized and utilized before lined and piped conveyances. Depending on the alternative selected, new drainage inlets and culvert pipes will be necessary to convey runoff to existing drainage ditches. There are currently no known existing areas of erosion or slope failures at existing culvert crossings, so additional installation of flared end sections, rock slope protection, or other outlet protection/velocity dissipation devices may not be required. However, because the runoff will drain to existing or proposed natural drainage ditches, calculations will be conducted during the design phase should show that the increase in volume can be contained within the ditches and that the increase in flow and velocity will not result in erosion or scour if the ditches are only vegetated and lined with rock or other hard material. y. Preservation of Existing Vegetation. Existing vegetation shall be preserved to the maximum extent possible. The project would result in minimal clearing or grubbing because the majority of the project area is currently paved. Proposed roadway improvements entail graded side slopes of 2:1 or flatter, except for slopes adjacent to the realigned southbound US 101 on-ramp from Grand Avenue, where slopes would be 4:1 (H:V). Any slopes steeper than 2:1 (H:V) will be stabilized with retaining walls, except the 4:1 slopes adjacent to the southbound US 101 on-ramp from Grand Avenue, which would be stabilized with erosion control/landscaping. Item 10.a. - Page 85 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 72 of 152 Permanent Treatment Measures z. Treatment BMP Strategy. Permanent treatment BMPs will be considered for Alternative 4C if design pollution prevention BMPs are not sufficient to infiltrate the water quality volume and are expected to include infiltration TBMPs. Onsite soils are most generally classified as HSG Type D. Based on this information, it is estimated that soil amendments will be needed to achieve a 90% infiltration ranking for biofiltration and infiltration devices under Alternative 4C. Treatment for this project shall be to the maximum extent possible, and the project will attempt to treat all added impervious areas, which varies based on the alternative selected. aa. Biofiltration Swales/Strips. Currently, vegetated ditches capture sheet flow and convey runoff to Arroyo Grande Creek and Meadow Creek and Pismo Lake. Design pollution prevention infiltration type BMPs will be prioritized for the project. However, under Alternative 4C, infiltration will also occur at seven proposed biofiltration strips/swales. Vegetation mixes appropriate for the biofiltration swales based on project climate and location have not been determined at this time. However, biofiltration swales shall meet 100% treatment of the added impervious area. Maintenance Treatment Measures bb. The project will require drain inlet stenciling in areas where there is pedestrian access, primarily at the Brisco Road undercrossing, on West Branch Street, and on Grace Lane. Stenciling detail will follow the Caltrans Standard Plans for drain inlet stenciling. Other types of maintenance BMPs, including maintenance vehicle pullouts, shall also be considered during the design phase in coordination with the City and the Caltrans Maintenance Area Manager. With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts related to hydrology and water quality would be less than significant. X. Land Use and Planning Environmental Setting The project corridor consists of a 1.6 mile stretch along US 101 within a highly urbanized area in the City of Arroyo Grande. The project corridor extends from Grand Avenue and the Arroyo Grande Village Core, through the large Five Cities regional shopping area adjacent to Brisco Road and Camino Mercado. Land uses within the project area predominantly consist of US 101, local roadways, and related traffic/circulation infrastructure (i.e., sidewalks, right of way, road shoulders, traffic signs and signals). The delineated project area also includes portions of several adjacent parcels where right of way would be acquired; land uses in these areas include agricultural row crops, private school recreational facilities, and vacant disturbed lots. The project boundary includes the entire parcels on which Brisco’s Hardware and the Arroyo Grande Library and San Luis Obispo County Agriculture Department buildings are situated, due to the need to evaluate these parcels for architectural history resources per Caltrans guidance (refer to Section V, Cultural Resources, above). The parcels directly surrounding the proposed project area have experienced many new developments in the past 10 years, most notably the development of 44 acres of land for the Five Cities regional shopping center northwest of the US 101 ramps/Brisco Road interchange. This shopping center includes a Walmart, Haggen supermarket, Office Max, Marshalls, Trader Joe’s, Chili’s Grill and Bar Restaurant, and Regal movie Item 10.a. - Page 86 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 73 of 152 theater, and draws customers from the surrounding communities. The Brisco Road/ Halcyon Road/ US 101 interchange serves as an important connection to these and other adjacent commercial uses. Halcyon Road is a significant regional route to the communities of Grover Beach, Oceano, and Nipomo. Adjoining properties along the corridor have a variety of land use designations, including Community Facilities (CF), Regional Commercial (RC), Agriculture (AG), Mixed Use (MU), Single Family Residential – Medium Density (SFRMD), Single Family Residential – Low Density (SFRLD), and Conservation/Open Space (C/OS) (refer to Figure 5 – Land Use Map, below). The parcels surrounding the project area are zoned Public Facility (PF), RC, AG, Office Mixed-Use (OMU), Industrial Mixed-Use (IMU), Planned Development (PD), Single Family (SF), Multi-Family (MF), Highway Mixed-Use (HMU), and Village Mixed-Use (VMU). Land use categories are shown in Figure 5 and zoning categories are shown in Figure 6. The largest designation of parcels adjacent to the project boundary is Community Facilities, with 13 parcels comprising approximately 97 acres (31%) designated for this use. Of these, four are currently undeveloped. Existing uses on developed Community Facility parcels include St. Patrick’s Catholic School, the Arroyo Grande Library, San Luis Obispo County Agricultural Department, the Arroyo Grande Cemetery, Rancho Grande Park, Grace Bible Church, Hampton Inn, and the St. Patrick’s Cemetery. Other significant adjacent land uses are Agriculture (two large parcels comprised of approximately 59 acres, 19%), Regional Commercial (14 parcels of 27 acres, 18%) and Conservation/Open Space (2 large parcels of 51 acres, 16%). The Agriculture parcels are in active row crop production (refer to Agricultural Resources, above), and the Conservation/Open Space parcels are undeveloped open space lands. The Regional Commercial parcels accommodate three large shopping centers, with a K-Mart, Walmart, Trader Joe’s, Office Max, Albertson’s, Marshalls, Regal Arroyo Grande Stadium movie theater complex, and other large retail stores. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Physically divide an established community? b) Conflict with the applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of any agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to, a general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? Discussion a): The project would improve existing infrastructure within the City to improve the circulation network of the US 101 and local roadway system. The project would not divide any portion of the City. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. b): The San Luis Obispo Council of Government’s 2010 Regional Transportation Plan and City of Arroyo Grande General Plan (Agriculture, Conservation and Open Space, Land Use, Circulation, Economic Development, and Noise Elements) were reviewed for consistency with the proposed project. Both Item 10.a. - Page 87 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 74 of 152 project alternatives are generally consistent with applicable local and regional plans, including the Regional Transportation Plan and the City of Arroyo Grande General Plan. The project would improve efficiency of the local circulation system and would be designed to improve the interconnectedness between transportation modes, delaying the need for capacity expansions, consistent with RTP policies. The proposed project is identified in the Regional Transportation Plan as an “emerging issue” and improvements to the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road and Grand Avenue interchanges are proposed to improve capacity and congestion issues along this section of US 101. The project is consistent with the growth strategies and goals of the Land Use Element. It is intended to improve circulation infrastructure within the project area and would bring the circulation system capacity into consistency with the intensity of surrounding land uses without compromising the integrity of adjacent land uses. The project would also bring the project area into consistency with the policies and standards of Caltrans, the Circulation Element, and the US 101 Transportation Concept Report, which identifies a concept peak Level of Service (LOS) D for the segment of US 101 extending through Arroyo Grande. Under build out conditions of the Arroyo Grande General Plan (year 2035), both alternatives would attain a LOS D or better on all intersections within the project area with the exception of Grand Avenue/West Branch Street, which is projected to operate at unsignalized LOS F conditions under both build alternatives and the no project alternative. Although the Grand Avenue/West Branch Street intersection is expected to operate at LOS F conditions under all alternatives, worst-case movement delays at this intersection is substantially reduced under Alternative 4C. As discussed in Section 2, Project Description, above, under both alternatives, physical improvements to the US 101/East Grand Avenue interchange would be phased to when adequate funding is available. Under both alternatives, all improvements are anticipated to be fully implemented by the design year (2035). A Technical Memorandum was prepared by Wood Rodgers, Inc. in April 2019 to assess the independent utility of the phased/deferred implementation of the East Grand Avenue Interchange improvements. The Technical Memorandum evaluated how the current US 101 southbound on-ramp and southbound off-ramp “offset” intersection configuration would operate during the interim period before implementing the physical improvements at the US 101/Grand Avenue interchange. Although the physical improvements would be postponeddeferred/phased, including the realignment of the US 101 southbound ramps to form a typical four-legged intersection, signal timing adjustments would be made to the US 101 southbound ramps at Grand Avenue to account for higher volume of vehicles during the interim period. As concluded in the Technical Memorandum and shown in Table 5, 2035 (Design Year) PM Peak Hour Level of Service, in Section XVI (Transportation/Traffic) below, even if phased deferred until the Design Year (2035), the southbound interchange would operate at an acceptable LOS (LOS C or better during the PM Peak Hour) throughout the interim period with the implementation of signal timing improvements. The delay would be 25.5 seconds per vehicle during the interim period and would be reduced to 22.8 seconds per vehicle when the US 101 southbound ramps are realigned to a four-legged intersection at Grand Avenue. The Technical Memorandum also concluded that the operations of other study area intersections would not be negatively affected through the design year if the US 101/Grand Avenue interchange improvements are phased/deferred until a later time when funding can be secured. This is because the benefits of the Grand Avenue interchange improvements would primarily be contained to the US 101 southbound ramps/Grand Avenue intersection. Thus, the phased/deferred implementation of the East Grand Avenue Interchange improvements would not result in a significant impact (LOS D or lower) at the interchange and the project would be consistent with applicable transportation-related land use plans. Item 10.a. - Page 88 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 75 of 152 Figure 5. Land Use Map Item 10.a. - Page 89 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 76 of 152 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 90 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 77 of 152 Figure 6. Zoning Map Item 10.a. - Page 91 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 78 of 152 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 92 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 79 of 152 Despite the general consistency discussed above, the proposed project alternatives would potentially conflict with some applicable policies related to circulation interconnection, promotion of non-motorized and pedestrian facilities, and/or convenient and well-designed parking facilities, if those resources are not protected through final design of the proposed project. Both alternatives would potentially interrupt or disrupt bike and pedestrian facilities and public transportation services within the project corridor both through the construction period and permanently if project designs do not adequately protect connectivity and convenience of existing and planned features. Both alternatives would affect a small portion of the parking area at Brisco’s Hardware, at the corner of El Camino Real and Brisco Road. Alternative 1 would also require the acquisition of portions of the Arroyo Grande Shell and Chevron stations east of the Grand Avenue/US 101 interchange to accommodate the proposed exclusive right-turn lane along East Grand Avenue. Alternative 4C would also require the acquisition of a portion of the public parking associated with the County of San Luis Obispo Department of Agriculture offices and Arroyo Grande Library. This acquisition is necessary to accommodate the new US 101 northbound ramps/West Branch Street/Grace Lane intersection. Both alternatives would also potentially create conflicts with Land Use Element policies related to the development of solid walls, i.e., sound or retaining walls. Both alternatives would require the installation of several retaining walls (i.e., along West Branch Street and at the reconfigured Camino Mercado/US 101 northbound ramps, Grand Avenue/US 101 northbound ramps, and Grace Lane/Rodeo Drive intersections). The Noise Study Report prepared for the project (refer to Section XII, Noise, below) also analyzes the potential benefits and feasibility of noise barriers along the highway to minimize noise effects on surrounding communities. These noise barriers, if required which are proposed along the southbound side of US 101 between the Oak Park Boulevard Interchange and Stonecrest Drive and between the Halcyon Road on-ramp and the Grand Avenue off-ramp, would be for noise attenuation purposes consistent with Land Use Element Policy LU12-3.2. Mitigation measure LU/mm-6 requires development of a solid wall design and landscape plan, including requirements for aesthetic and graffiti-proof treatments and requirements for landscape plantings, to minimize the visual impacts of solid walls. If not required, there would be no potential inconsistency. Mitigation measures are identified below to ensure appropriate design elements will be incorporated to ensure the interconnection of transportation systems, encouragement of non-motorized transportation alternatives, design of convenient, well-designed aesthetic parking facilities, and consistency with transportation and land use policies and goals. They also identify appropriate design and landscape standards to ensure the project’s consistency with additional policy goals of the Land Use Element related to solid walls. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. c): There are no applicable habitat conservation plans or natural community conservation plans in the project vicinity. Therefore, no impacts would occur. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts To minimize potential significant impacts associated with inconsistency with policies and goals, the following measures would be implemented. LU/mm-1 Prior to initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare circulation and traffic plans which shall incorporate and improve connectivity with existing and new public transit Item 10.a. - Page 93 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 80 of 152 facilities, bike paths or lanes, and pedestrian access ways to the greatest extent feasible through, at minimum, incorporation of crosswalks, sidewalks and bike lanes. All new public transit facilities, bike paths or lanes, and pedestrian access ways shall be ADA-compliant. Temporary construction activities shall avoid conflict with bike and pedestrian access ways to the greatest extent feasible. If construction activities will interfere with existing bike or pedestrian routes, temporary access shall be provided to all areas of the project area. The plan shall be approved by the City Engineer prior to the start of construction. LU/mm-2 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Non- Motorized / Public Transportation Plan in consultation with the City of Arroyo Grande Public Works Department and the County Bicycle Advisory Committee on any improvements that may affect facilities identified in the County Bikeway Plan. The plan shall include, at minimum: a. Designs for providing bicycle, pedestrian and car interaction along the project area that would minimize conflicts through the use of striping, signage, lighting, bollards, etc.; b. Examples of the signage, striping, lighting, designs, etc. for safe bicycle, pedestrian, and car interaction; c. Methods for ensuring the project would not interfere in any way with existing or proposed future bike and pedestrian lanes and paths, whether formal or informal, particularly those associated with St. Patrick’s School, the Arroyo Grande Library, and adjacent public buildings and facilities. d. Methods for ensuring bike and pedestrian circulation to serve schools and public facilities are made a priority consistent with policies of the Circulation Element. e. Methods to ensure the project would not adversely impactinterfere, temporarily or long- term, in any way with any routes, schedules, or operations of the RTA (Regional Transit Authority) stops at Walmart and the Arroyo Grande Library. f. Methods to ensure the project would not adversely impact interfere in any way with the Park and Ride parking lots located within the project area, including the lot on El Camino Real in between Halcyon Street and Grand Avenue. f.g. Compliance with applicable requirements of the Complete Streets Act of 2008. The plan shall be approved by the City Engineer prior to the start of construction. LU/mm-3 The project shall be designed to allow convenient and/or improved access to the Regional Transit Authority stops along West Branch Street at the Arroyo Grande Library and Walmart and the Park and Ride lots along El Camino Real. Construction activities shall not interfere with or inhibit access or usability of the public transportation stops or parking lots and shall take into account existing RTA and Park and Ride schedules and routes. LU/mm-4 All proposed areas of disturbance shall be minimized to the greatest extent feasible and shall be clearly marked on project design plans. All adjacent areas of disturbed parcels shall be kept open for parking and customer use to the greatest extent feasible. No adjacent portions of the parcels’ parking area shall be utilized for staging areas or equipment storage. Item 10.a. - Page 94 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 81 of 152 LU/mm-5 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Parking Plan, in consultation with the City of Arroyo Grande City Engineer, the owners of Brisco’s True Value Hardware (APN# 077-051-019) and any other affected public or private property owners. The Plan shall include: a. Methods for ensuring all public parking associated with Brisco’s Hardware, the Arroyo Grande Library and adjacent county public offices are protected from project impacts and acquisitions and maintained to the maximum extent feasible; b. A restriping and landscape design plan for the Brisco’s Hardware parking area, and any City or County public facility areas that will be affected by the proposed project, which shall be prepared in consultation with any affected private property owners, and be prepared in compliance with the Arroyo Grande General Plan; c. Measures to ensure visitor parking and use of these public facilities and private businesses would not be deterred during construction of the project, to the maximum extent feasible; and, d. Requirements that upon completion of project construction, all adjacent disturbed areas shall be restored to original conditions to the extent feasible. The plan shall be approved by the City Engineer prior to the start of construction. LU/mm-6 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a solid wall design and landscape plan for the proposed project area that includes, at minimum, the following provisions: a. Design the walls with an aesthetic and graffiti proof treatment consistent with the surrounding visual character and setting. b. Design the walls to allow for landscape planting on any visible surface, as detailed in subsections e. through i., below. c. Plant vines or shrubs in front of the walls, as more particularly described in subsections e. through i., below. d. Treat or modify the existing walls to be visually consistent with the new walls. e. Include large-scale trees, vines, shrubs, and bushes, as appropriate, along the base of any retaining walls to help disguise the form and scale of the retaining walls. f. Include shrub species on any walls and any wall benches to the greatest extent possible. g. Select plant material for the retaining wall faces and benches which has informal growing habits, and include species which will cascade over the steps/walls and help hide visibility of wall geometry. h. Select plant material for the retaining walls, benches, or fences which, when seen from a distance, is similar in color and shade to the majority of the vegetation on existing slopes. Avoid plants with distinctive flower colors or vegetative characteristics. i. Select plant material horticulturally appropriate for the site, which will result in long-term survival with a minimum amount of maintenance once established. j. Use of drought tolerant species shall be emphasized. Item 10.a. - Page 95 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 82 of 152 k. The project plans shall include a water efficient drip irrigation system if necessary to maximize the establishment and long-term success of the plantings. l. The project plans shall include a “plant establishment” requirement which guarantees the successful establishment of the planting and replacement of plants which fail. m. The project plans shall include a long-term maintenance strategy and resource commitment which ensures the ongoing success and effectiveness of the planting, including replacement of plants which fail. n. All drainage pipes shall be placed underground, including down-drains. Solid wall design and landscaping plans shall be approved by the City Community Development Director prior to the start of construction. Subsequent visual review of the walls by a consultant approved by the City shall be required once final design of the walls has been completed. With the incorporation of this measure, residual impacts to land use and planning would be less than significant. XI. Mineral Resources Environmental Setting The project site does not contain any known mineral resources. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that is or would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? Discussion a – b): There are no known mineral resources in the project area, and future extraction of mineral resources is very unlikely due to the urbanized nature of the area. Therefore, no impacts to mineral resources would occur. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact No impacts to mineral resources were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. XII. Noise Environmental Setting This section is based on the Noise Study Report prepared for the project (Terry A. Hayes Associates, Inc. [TAHA] 2017). The Noise Study Report (NSR) follows the California Department of Transportation Item 10.a. - Page 96 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 83 of 152 (Caltrans) Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol for New Highway Construction, Reconstruction, and Retrofit Barrier Projects (Protocol) (Caltrans 2011). A field investigation was conducted to identify land uses that could be subject to traffic and construction noise impacts from the proposed project. Noise-sensitive land uses within the project area include residences and schools adjacent to the project corridor and the Arroyo Grande Library. Short-term noise levels were measured at four representative locations to document the existing noise environment and were used to calibrate the noise prediction model with concurrent traffic counts. A total of 128 representative existing sensitive receivers were evaluated for potential noise impacts resulting from the traffic along US 101. The project area on the north side of Highway 101 includes a mix of large-scale commercial/retail developments and a school site. The south side of Highway 101 includes commercial/light industrial uses, schools, and a hotel. Single-family residences are located near Highway 101 south of El Camino Real between North Halcyon Road and Grand Avenue. Existing noise levels within the project area generally range from 38 to 76 decibels (dB) and US 101 was the dominant noise source at each of the measurement locations (TAHA 2017). Predicted future noise levels without the project were estimated to range from 45 to 77 dB. Based on the Noise Element of the City’s General Plan, maximum allowable noise exposure from transportation noise sources is generally 60 dB for exterior areas (70 dB for playgrounds) and 45 dB for interior spaces (35 dB for theaters, auditoriums, and music halls). Table 5 summarizes the results of the short-term noise monitoring conducted in the project area. Table 5. Short-term Noise Monitoring Results Position Location Land Uses Start time Duration (min.) Measured Leq Number of Auto Number of Trucks Observed Speed (mph) Medium Heavy School Building St. Patrick’s School School 9:40 a.m. 20 67.3 N/A N/A N/A 65 ST-3&4, P Bennett Ave./El Camino Real Residential/ School 11:10 a.m. 20 67.3 N/A N/A N/A 65 ST-5 O Faeh Ave./El Camino Real Residential 11:45 a.m. 20 66.7 899 27 37 65 ST-5 CU El Camino Real Residential 12:15 p.m. 20 69.1 N/A N/A N/A 65 Source: TAHA 2017. Item 10.a. - Page 97 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 84 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Generate or expose people to noise levels in excess of standards established in a local general plan or noise ordinance, or in other applicable local, state, or federal standards? b) Generate or expose people to excessive groundborne vibrations or groundborne noise levels? c) Create a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project (above levels without the project)? d) Create a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project, in excess of noise levels existing without the project? e) Be located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport? If so, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? f) Be in the vicinity of a private airstrip? If so, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? Discussion a) – d): Construction Impacts. During construction of the project, noise from construction activities may intermittently dominate the noise environment in the immediate area of construction. Construction noise is regulated by Caltrans Standard Specifications Section 14-8.02, “Noise Control” which requires the following: Do not exceed 86 dBA Lmax at 50 feet from the job site activities from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. In addition, the City’s Municipal Code creates an exception to noise standards for construction activities occurring between 7:00 a.m. and 10 p.m. on Mondays through Fridays and 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays. Therefore, the project will meet Caltrans Standard Noise Control Specifications, and will also meet the City’s noise standards or be limited to the hours identified as acceptable in the City’s municipal code for construction noise in excess of those noise standards. Table 6 summarizes noise levels produced by construction equipment that is commonly used on roadway construction projects. Construction activities would occur intermittently over approximately 9 to 12 months. Construction equipment is expected to generate noise levels ranging from 70 to 90 dB at a distance of 50 feet, and noise produced by construction equipment would be reduced over distance at a rate of about 6 dB per doubling of distance. Item 10.a. - Page 98 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 85 of 152 Table 6. Construction Equipment Noise Levels Equipment Maximum Noise Level (dBA at 50 feet) Scrapers 89 Bulldozers 85 Heavy Trucks 88 Backhoe 80 Pneumatic Tools 85 Concrete Pump 82 Source: TAHA 2017. Sensitive receptors (St. Patrick’s School, the Arroyo Grande Library, and adjacent residential areas) are located within a couple hundred feet of construction activities. Therefore, the noise levels identified in Table 6, above, would dissipate over that distance and be reduced by approximately 6 to 12 dB at the location of the sensitive receptors. As directed by the City and/or Caltrans, the contractor will implement appropriate additional noise reduction measures, if necessary, to ensure compliance with Caltrans Standard Noise Control Specifications, including changing the location of stationary construction equipment, turning off idling equipment, rescheduling construction activity, and/or installing acoustic barriers around stationary construction noise sources. Construction of the proposed project will generate temporary groundborne vibrations and increase ambient noise levels; however, the project would meet Caltrans Standard Noise Control Specifications and City noise standards, or the days and times of construction activities would be limited per the City’s municipal code, which creates an exception to noise standards for construction activities occurring between 7:00 a.m. and 10 p.m. on Mondays through Fridays and 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays. Construction noise would be short-term, intermittent, and partially overshadowed by local traffic noise. Therefore, this temporary increase is not anticipated to exceed the City’s thresholds for noise (TAHA 2017). Therefore, construction related noise impacts would be less than significant. Operational Impacts. The Noise Study Report prepared for the project determined that potential noise impacts from the proposed project would not be substantial and would be largely consistent with predicted noise levels in the area without the project (TAHA 2017). No increase in noise levels over predicted no-project conditions over 2 decibels was identified at any nearby receiver. The 2 decibel increase would be insignificant when compared to the transportation noise currently generated by vehicles on US 101, the main noise source for this area. In typical noisy environments, changes in noise of 1 to 2 dB are generally not perceptible. Therefore, under CEQA, impacts associated with increased noise levels as a result of the project would be less than significant. Alternative 4C changes would affect the St. Patrick's Catholic School and the Arroyo Grande Library. The roundabout would shift the intersection towards the library and away from the school, resulting in marginally higher noise levels at the library and lower noise levels at the school. However, the change Item 10.a. - Page 99 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 86 of 152 would not be perceptible to the human ear and the NSR concluded that the intersection would not result in noise impacts. Other improvements associated with Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C, including restriping, signalization, and realignment of specific intersections were not modeled due to their minimal impacts on the noise environment when compared to the Route 101 travel lanes. For example, the realignment of the southbound on-ramp at Grand Avenue will align that ramp with the southbound off-ramp, moving it approximately 100 feet to the southwest, closer to potential sensitive receivers. However, it is not a significant noise source when compared to the Route 101 travel lanes. As discussed in Section 2, Project Description, above, the implementation of the soundwalls would be phased and constructed at a time when available funding is available. During the interim period, noise levels would continue to exceed Caltrans’ federal protocols for the consideration of noise walls. However, as discussed above, neither alternative would result in an increase in noise by more than 2 decibels over existing conditions at any nearby receiver. In typical noisy environments, changes in noise of 1 to 2 dB are generally not perceptible and noise impacts during the interim period prior to the construction of the soundwalls would not generally be noticeable to adjacent sensitive receptors. Impacts would be less than significant. Although project development would not increase ambient noise levels above levels without the project, current exceedances of City and Caltrans standards currently exist adjacent to the US 101 corridor due to highway traffic noise. Therefore, though not required under CEQA, the installation of noise walls is being considered included as part of the project per Caltrans’ federal protocol. Under NEPA 23 CFR 772, because the noise levels at nearby receivers already approaches or exceeds the noise abatement criteria of 67 dBA, noise abatement would need to be considered. e) – f): The project site is not within 2 miles of any public airport or private airstrip. The nearest airport is the Oceano County Airport, located approximately 2.5 miles southwest of the project site, and airport- related noise at the project site would generally be dominated by highway and traffic noise sources. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impact No significant noise impacts were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. XIII. Population and Housing Environmental Setting The City of Arroyo Grande’s population has grown from 3,291 in 1960 to 17,252, based on the 2010 Census. Population growth during the 1960s occurred rapidly, some years exceeding 12%. In the 1970s, growth slowed to an average of 7%, falling still further in the 1980s to less than 2% from 1980 to 1990. Annual population increases of less than 1% have been experienced since the 1990s. Growth in surrounding areas (Nipomo, Nipomo Mesa) has outpaced all other areas of the County. Between 2000 and 2010, the population of Nipomo grew by 24.5%, compared to 12% in the total unincorporated county and 8.5% in the county as a whole (U.S. Census). According to the 2010 Census, Arroyo Grande’s population is 15.7% Hispanic and 84.3% not Hispanic. Of the not Hispanic group, 85% are white, with the remaining 15% being African American, American Indian, Item 10.a. - Page 100 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 87 of 152 Asian, or Pacific Islander. Over 21% of the population is aged 18 years and under, 59% is between 18 and 65 years, and 20% is 65 years or older. At the time of the 2010 Census, there were 7,628 housing units in the City of Arroyo Grande, an 822-unit increase from 2000. The vast majority, 75%, are single-family units. The overall average household size in Arroyo Grande is 2.41, with owner-occupied units averaging 2.45 persons per household and renter- occupied units averaging 2.33 persons per household. This rate is relatively consistent with the 1990 city average of 2.48, and slightly less than California’s average rate of 2.87 persons per household. There are no residences or residential uses within the project corridor; however, there are numerous residences adjacent to the project corridor both north and south of US 101. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Discussion a): Residential areas within Arroyo Grande are largely built-out and less than 3% of residentially- zoned parcels in the City remain vacant and suitable for development (City of Arroyo Grande 2001; City of Arroyo Grande 2011). There is currently some demand for additional residential development in the City, evidenced by requests for conversion of non-residential classifications to residential designations and increases in allowable densities. The proposed project could remove a potential obstacle to increased residential development by reducing traffic congestion and potentially accommodating additional access to residential areas or increased densities within the project vicinity. However, increased development in this area is not an effect of the proposed project; rather, development demand presently exists regardless of the project and residential development along Grace Lane and West Branch Street is already occurring. In addition, although the demand for increased development currently exists, recent population growth has been limited, declining by 0.5% between 2013 and 2014. The goal of the project is to relieve congestion and safety issues associated with current conditions, and the proposed project is designed to improve existing traffic conditions within the local road network and US 101 interchanges at Brisco Road, Grand Avenue, and Camino Mercado. As with many other Caltrans projects, the project is the result of development and growth already existing within the City of Arroyo Grande and at the relevant intersections. The project is not expected to result in any significant direct, indirect, or cumulative growth- related impacts in the project area. Item 10.a. - Page 101 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 88 of 152 The project will not affect residential development or generate an increase in population. The project makes improvements to or replaces existing roadways and intersections and does not connect or open up areas of the urban fringe or other large undeveloped areas that are not currently accessible. The project does not expand capacity on existing roadways to allow for greater volume of traffic; rather, it is intended to more efficiently manage existing traffic levels. Therefore, it is best described as a reactive measure to population growth. Potential impacts would be less than significant. b) – c): The proposed project would not displace any residences or people and would not require the construction of replacement housing elsewhere. Therefore, no impacts would occur. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts No significant impacts to population or housing resources were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. XIV. Public Services Environmental Setting Fire Protection Services. The Five Cities Fire Authority was established on July 9, 2010 by a Joint Powers Agreement between the cities of Arroyo Grande, Grover Beach, and the Oceano Community Services District to provide fire protection services of these communities. Five Cities Fire Authority also provides services to the Town of Halcyon and the Oceano Dunes State Vehicle Recreation Area. The Authority has three stations: one in Arroyo Grande, one in Grover Beach, and one in Oceano. The Arroyo Grande station (Station 1) is located at 140 Traffic Way and serves as the headquarters for the Authority and serves the City of Arroyo Grande and the greater Arroyo Grande area. Station 1 is serviced directly by the Grand Avenue interchange proposed for reconfiguration under both project alternatives. The California Division of Forestry (CAL FIRE) provides fire protection to surrounding communities, as well as back up support in Arroyo Grande. CAL FIRE has four substations in the area, at the following locations: 2391 Willow Road, Arroyo Grande; 450 Pioneer Road, Nipomo; 990 Bello Street, Pismo Beach; and, 2555 Shell Beach Road, Pismo Beach. Police Protection Services. The cities of Arroyo Grande and Grover Beach provide police services within their respective city limits. The City of Arroyo Grande’s police station is located at 200 North Halcyon Road, directly serviced by both the Grand Avenue and Brisco Road/Halcyon Road interchanges proposed for reconfiguration under both project alternatives. In addition to the City police station, the San Luis Obispo County Sheriff substation is located at 1681 Front Street in Oceano and provides backup support within the City of Arroyo Grande. The California Highway Patrol (CHP) office located in San Luis Obispo serves the south county including the City of Arroyo Grande. The response times of both the Sheriff Department and CHP can be delayed due to the large coverage area. Emergency Medical Services. The San Luis Ambulance South County sub-station, located at 201 Brisco Road in Arroyo Grande, provides southern San Luis Obispo County residents paramedic services. There are currently two units stationed at the South County substation, which provide South County residents with emergency transportation to and from the Arroyo Grande Community Hospital located at 342 South Halcyon Road. Item 10.a. - Page 102 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 89 of 152 Schools. The project area is within the Lucia Mar Unified School District (LMUSD). LMUSD covers 550 square miles and serves the adjoining communities of Arroyo Grande, Grover Beach, Nipomo, Oceano, Pismo Beach, and Shell Beach. The district serves the City of Arroyo Grande with seven public schools, including three elementary schools, two middle schools, one high school, and one adult school. The San Luis Obispo County Office of Education (SLOCOE) oversees the Arroyo Grande Community School, a public alternative school, within the city limits. In addition to these public schools, there are seven private schools in the City of Arroyo Grande. One of them, St. Patrick’s Catholic School, is adjacent to the project area. Parks. Ten City parks, a 26-acre sports complex, and a community garden are located within the City of Arroyo Grande. One of these public park and recreation facilities, Rancho Grande Park, is located directly adjacent to the project area delineated around the James Way/Rodeo Drive intersection (where proposed development would be limited to new signage). Park facilities are further discussed in Section XV, Recreation, below. Libraries. The Arroyo Grande Library is located directly adjacent to the project area at 800 West Branch Street. The branch library is one of 15 county libraries. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Result in significant environmental impacts from construction associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, or the need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the public services: Fire protection? Police protection: Schools? Parks? Other public facilities? Discussion a): The ramps/intersections proposed for construction under both project alternatives serve as primary routes for emergency service calls. The project would result in improved circulation at the subject intersections and along US 101; therefore, no permanent impacts to emergency facilities and services would occur under either alternative. However, temporary impacts during construction may have a short- term adverse effect on law enforcement, fire protection, ambulance services, and schools. The Arroyo Grande Police station is located less than a mile from both the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road and Grand Avenue interchanges. According to the Arroyo Grande Police Department (Sergeant Pryor, personal communication 2007), proposed closures of the Brisco Road on- and off-ramps would not result in a significant increase in response times during peak traffic times, and would result in decreased traffic Item 10.a. - Page 103 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 90 of 152 congestion in the vicinity of the Brisco Road underpass, thus improving response times to areas east of US 101. Sergeant Pryor recommended implementation of measures to minimize short-term construction delays in emergency response, namely construction traffic management. Over the long-term, emergency responses would be improved because of better traffic flows at the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road interchange. According to City of Arroyo Grande Department of Building and Fire Department (Fire Captain Randy Steffan, personal communication 2007), temporary closures of the Grand Avenue and Brisco Road ramps may cause potentially significant impacts to fire response time goals outlined in City policy. Implementation of recommended measures would address this delay in emergency response. Long-term emergency response would be improved under both alternatives because of better traffic flows at the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road interchange and along US 101. However, permanent closure of the northbound Brisco Road ramps under Alternative 1 would require re-routing of fire response routes to the west side of the City, as the Fire Department would no longer be able to utilize US 101 to access the Brisco Road undercrossing. Because alternative routes exist and both alternatives would result in improved circulation at the Brisco Road Undercrossing, this impact is considered less than significant. Ramps proposed for modification (Grand Avenue, Brisco Road) currently act as the primary highway access points to and from the Arroyo Grande Community Hospital and the South County San Luis Ambulance sub-station, which serves the hospital. Both the ambulance sub-station and the hospital are within 1 mile of the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road and Grand Avenue interchanges. According to San Luis Ambulance Operations Manager, temporary closure of Brisco Road on- and off-ramps during project construction would not significantly affect ambulance response travel within Arroyo Grande, as alternate routes could be used (Joe Peidalue, personal communication 2011). However, permanent closure of the northbound Brisco Road ramps under Alternative 1 would eliminate a primary access way used by the ambulance station to access the hospital and may result in some delays. Because alternative routes exist and circulation at the Brisco Road Undercrossing would be improved under both alternatives, this impact is considered less than significant. Both of the Brisco Road ramps serve as primary routes for traffic to and from Oceanview Elementary and St. Patrick’s School. The proposed closure of the northbound US 101 on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road would divert northbound traffic heading to and from Oceanview Elementary, thus increasing northbound traffic on West Branch Street, El Camino Real and the northbound US 101 on-ramps at Oak Park and Camino Mercado. Although there would be temporary impacts during construction, the permanent flow of school traffic would be improved as a result of either project alternative. Measures have been recommended to minimize temporary construction impacts. Both project alternatives would improve traffic flows at the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road interchange and adjacent roadways. Alternative 4C would also have a beneficial effect on services (police, fire, ambulance) and schools by maintaining existing highway access at Brisco Road. Short-term construction impacts would be similar under both alternatives and minimized through implementation of recommended measures. No changes are proposed at the James Way/Rodeo Drive intersection other than new signage under Alternative 4C; therefore, no impacts to Rancho Grande Park would occur. Alternative 4C would require construction within and acquisition of a portion of the Arroyo Grande Library parcel into state and/or local right of way. Access to the library may be temporarily impacted through the duration of construction activities, though no permanent impacts to the facility would occur. Measures have been recommended to minimize temporary construction impacts. Item 10.a. - Page 104 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 91 of 152 Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts To minimize potentially significant construction-related impacts on public services, the following measures would be implemented: PS/mm-1 All construction activities shall be planned so as to minimize inconvenience to the traveling public, i.e., through minimization of the amount and duration of lane closures, minimization of lane closures during peak traffic hours, and goals to complete project construction without unnecessary delay. Public traffic traveling north on US 101 should be rerouted, via highway signage, to use the Grand Avenue exit should the northbound ramps at Brisco Road be closed temporarily, and vice versa. PS/mm-2 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Construction Timing, Access, and Circulation Plan, which shall include the following measures. This plan shall be approved by the City Public Works Director prior to the start of construction and made available for local residents to review and comment on prior to the onset of construction activities. a. Methods for ensuring permanent access to the commercial/retail centers north of the Brisco Road/US 101 interchange is preserved and/or improved to the maximum extent feasible through implementation of the proposed project. b. A signage plan and other methods, if feasible, for increasing the visibility of business blocked by construction activities and educating travelers that businesses adjacent to the project corridor are to remain open during construction; c. Clearly marked detour routes for alternate access to any businesses that are made inaccessible or difficult to access due to construction activities; d. Hours of haulage (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.); e. Designation of truck routes that avoid sensitive receptors (including residential areas, schools, parks, day care centers, nursing homes, and hospitals) to the greatest extent possible; f. Methods of traffic control on adjacent streets within the project area; g. Adequate safety signage regarding traffic control; h. Designated construction staging areas for construction personnel vehicles, supplies, and equipment; i. A telephone number for local residents to call if there are issues or complaints; and j. Measures to resolve potential conflicts between construction activities and adjacent businesses. Business owners directly adjacent to the project area shall be directly notified of the availability of and allowed to comment on the plan. PS/mm-3 Traffic control plans affecting state facilities shall be reviewed and approved by Caltrans, and traffic control plans affecting City facilities shall be reviewed and approved by the City Public Works Director, through consultation with affected emergency responders and service Item 10.a. - Page 105 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 92 of 152 providers (i.e., the police department, fire department, San Luis Ambulance, and Arroyo Grande Hospital), prior to construction activities. With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts associated with public services would be less than significant. XV. Recreation Environmental Setting The City of Arroyo Grande supports various community and neighborhood parks, as well as multiple designated bikeways and recreational paths. Recreational uses include a 26-acre sports complex that offers lighted tennis courts, little league and softball fields, and soccer and football fields; ten city parks that offer a variety of active and passive uses, including picnics, barbeques, playgrounds, and entertainment areas; an off-leash dog park; and a community garden. There are also hiking and walking trails along Arroyo Grande Creek and within the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve. Rancho Grande Park is located adjacent to the project boundary at the James Way and Rodeo Drive intersection. A portion of the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve is also located adjacent to the project boundary (APN# No. 007-771-059); no changes are proposed for this area under either alternative. Another recreational area, located east of the Brisco Road/US 101 ramps/West Branch Street intersection, is a part of the private school facilities at St. Patrick’s School and is not open to public use. The San Luis Obispo County Bike Map identifies several “suggested bike routes” within Arroyo Grande, including along West Branch Street and James Way within the project area (San Luis Obispo Council of Governments 2011). Bike lanes are currently located along Rancho Parkway, approximately 0.25 mile northwest of the Brisco Road/US 101 ramps/West Branch Street intersection, and along other portions of James Way outside of the project area. Non-motorized vehicles, including bicycles, are prohibited within the US 101 corridor through the project area. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities, such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? b) Include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities that might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Discussion a – b): No changes are proposed within the open space areas of APN# 007-771-059 or at the James Way/Rodeo Drive intersection other than new signage under Alternative 4C; therefore, no impacts to Rancho Grande Park or the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve would occur. The project does not propose any changes along Rancho Parkway; therefore, no impacts to the Rancho Parkway bike path Item 10.a. - Page 106 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 93 of 152 would occur. Potential impacts to planned “suggested bike routes” within the project area are discussed in Section XVI(g), Traffic/Transportation, below. The recreational area, track and field associated with St. Patrick’s School is located approximately 300 feet northwest of the proposed US 101 ramps/West Branch Street/Grace Lane intersection. The new intersection proposed under Alternative 4C would require acquisition of approximately 10,736 square feet from the parcel on which the school and field are situated into the State and City right of way. Based on preliminary design graphics, the proposed right-of-way acquisitions would impact usable areas of the school field. There is an approximately 60- to 70-foot-wide buffer of vacant land and a fence separating the maintained field area from West Branch Street. Most of the 10,736 square feet proposed for right-of-way acquisition under Alternative 4C would be comprised of this buffer area. However, approximately 350 square feet in the southernmost corner of the school field would be acquired to accommodate the new alignment of West Branch Street, encroaching into the field approximately 10 feet past the fence line at the widest point. The area to be acquired is adjacent to the fence line in the southernmost corner of the field and does not contain any developed infrastructure or sports or recreational facilities (i.e., track, baseball backstop and field). It would not split or segregate any portion of the field from the remainder and the loss of lawn area is not expected to substantially affect the current capacity or use of the field. The proposed project would not create a new use that would generate population growth or increase demand on existing recreational facilities. Therefore, no deterioration of existing facilities would occur as a result of the proposed project. The proposed project would include connections and improvements to various public bike paths and public walkways. These improvements would be located almost entirely within existing State and/or City right of ways, adjacent to existing transportation facilities and urbanized areas. Development of these features would not result in impacts above those associated with the project in general and discussed in other sections of this IS/MND. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts No significant impacts to recreational resources were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. XVI. Transportation/Traffic Environmental Setting US 101 is a major freeway of statewide importance that traverses north-south through the Central Coast. US 101 serves as the main travel route that connects San Luis Obispo County with San Francisco to the north and Los Angeles to the south. According to 2013 Caltrans traffic volumes data, US 101 mainline carries an AADT of approximately 54,400 vehicles just south of the study interchange at Brisco Road, and approximately 57,500 vehicles just north of the study interchange area. Trucks comprise approximately 9% of the average daily traffic on US 101 through the study area. East Grand Avenue is a major four-lane, east/west arterial roadway that extends through the main downtown areas of Arroyo Grande and Grover Beach. It provides an essential link between the Village of Item 10.a. - Page 107 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 94 of 152 Arroyo Grande and the residential and commercial areas located west of US 101. Halcyon Road is a two- to four-lane roadway that connects US 101 to State Route 1. Halcyon Road provides connection from US 101 to Oceano, the Nipomo Mesa, the community of Halcyon and the Arroyo Grande Hospital. Brisco Road is a two-lane roadway that links US 101 with East Grand Avenue. The southbound ramps at Halcyon Road and the northbound ramps at Brisco Road form a full-access interchange with US 101, approximately 3,000 feet north of the Grand Avenue interchange. West Branch Street is a two- to four-lane facility that runs parallel to and east of US 101, connecting Oak Park Boulevard at the north end of the City and Grand Avenue at the south end. West Branch Street provides access between US 101 and the regional shopping center and local businesses located east of the freeway. The Arroyo Grande Circulation Element specifies a LOS C or better on all streets and controlled intersections. Where LOS D exists, policies in the Element direct the City to plan improvements to achieve LOS C or better. The US 101 Transportation Concept Report identifies peak LOS D for the segment of freeway through Arroyo Grande. Most intersections within the project area currently operate at a LOS C or better, with the exception of Brisco Road/El Camino Real (LOS D), Halcyon Road/El Camino Real/US 101 southbound ramps (LOS D), and Grand Avenue/West Branch Street (LOS E). The US 101 mainline currently operates at a LOS D between Brisco Road and the north boundary of the City. Other insufficient Levels of Service under the City’s Circulation Element standard exist at various US 101 ramps, including the southbound off-ramp at East Grand Avenue, the northbound on-ramp at Brisco Road, the southbound off-ramp at Brisco Road, and the northbound off-ramp at West Branch Street (all of which operate at LOS D). Public transportation facilities within the project area include Regional Transit Authority stops at the Arroyo Grande Library, Walmart, and Arroyo Grande Shell Station and Park and Ride lots along El Camino Real between Halcyon Road and Grand Avenue. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Cause a substantial increase in traffic, in relation to existing traffic and the capacity of the street system (i.e., a substantial increase in either the number of vehicle trips, the volume to capacity ratio on roads, or congestion at intersections)? b) Exceed, individually or cumulatively, the level of service standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways? c) Cause a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location, that results in substantial safety risks? d) Contain a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or a dangerous intersection) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment) that would substantially increase hazards? e) Result in inadequate emergency access? Item 10.a. - Page 108 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 95 of 152 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact f) Result in inadequate parking capacity? g) Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs supporting alternative transportation (e.g., bus turnouts, bicycle racks)? Discussion a), b), and g): This section is based largely on the Technical Memorandum: Traffic Forecasting and Operations Analysis conducted by Wood Rodgers for the project (Wood Rodgers 2012). In the year 2035, which is predicted to be the year the City reaches build out under the General Plan, almost all intersections within the project area would operate at inadequate levels, with many intersections operating at an LOS D or even F. The entire US 101 mainline and every US 101 on- and off- ramp are estimated to operate at LOS E or worse by the year 2035, except for the southbound on-ramp at Brisco Road (LOS D). Under Alternative 1, the proposed project would maintain or improve traffic levels at all US 101 intersections within the project area including the Grand Avenue/US 101 southbound ramps intersection, except for the West Branch Street/Old Ranch Road intersection which would degrade from LOS B to C. No change to freeway mainline operations would occur, and slight improvements to freeway mainline-ramp junction operations would result. Alternative 1 would also fragment the existing US 101 interchange at Brisco-Halcyon Road, by removing northbound ramps at Brisco Road, and maintaining southbound ramps at Halcyon Road. Short-term construction activities would likely cause increased congestion throughout the project area. However, these impacts would be short-term and minimized to the extent feasible through adherence to standard Caltrans road construction standards and BMPs contained in the Caltrans Standard Specifications 2010 manual and City measures contained in the General Plan. Measures have been recommended to minimize construction related traffic impacts. Under Alternative 4C, the proposed project would improve all traffic levels at US 101 interchanges within the project area, except for the West Branch Street/Rodeo Drive intersection, which would degrade from LOS B to C. All study intersections are projected to operate at LOS D or better with the exception of the Grand Avenue/West Branch Street intersection (LOS F). Although the Grand Avenue/West Branch Street intersection would operate at LOS F conditions under all alternatives, worst-case movement delays at this intersection is substantially reduced under Alternative 4C. No change to freeway mainline operations would occur. Alternative 4C would improve levels of service at most project area on- and off-ramps to LOS D or better, while three ramps would remain at LOS E and one at LOS F (southbound off-ramp at West Branch Street/Camino Mercado). The anticipated future expansion of the US 101 mainline through the project area would improve conditions on all ramps to LOS D or better. Because both alternatives would improve and/or maintain traffic conditions at all study area intersections, along the entire US 101 mainline through Arroyo Grande, and at all on- and off-ramps within the project area, impacts to traffic and level of service standards would be less than significant. Item 10.a. - Page 109 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 96 of 152 As discussed in Section 2, Project Description, above, under both alternatives, improvements to the US 101/East Grand Avenue interchange would be phased and implemented at a later date when adequate funding is available to complete these improvements. Under both alternatives, all improvements are anticipated to be fully implemented by the design year (2035). A Technical Memorandum was prepared by Wood Rodgers, Inc. in April 2019 to assess the independent utility of the phased/deferred implementation of the East Grand Avenue Interchange improvements. The Technical Memorandum evaluated how the current US 101 southbound on-ramp and southbound off-ramp “offset” intersection configuration would operate during the interim period before the physical improvements at the interchange are completed. Although the physical improvements would be deferred/phased/postponed to a later date, including the realignment of the US 101 southbound ramps to form a typical four-legged intersection, signal timing adjustments would be made to the US 101 southbound ramps at Grand Avenue to account for higher volume of vehicles during the interim period. As concluded in the Technical Memorandum and shown in Table 7, even if postponed deferred until the Design Year (2035), the southbound interchange would operate at an acceptable LOS (LOS C or better during the PM Peak Hour) throughout the interim period with the implementation of signal timing improvements. The delay would be 25.5 seconds per vehicle during the interim period and would be reduced to 22.8 seconds per vehicle when the US 101 southbound ramps are realigned to a form four- legged intersection at Grand Avenue. The Technical Memorandum also concluded that the operation of other study area intersections would not be negatively affected through the design year if the US 101/Grand Avenue Interchange improvements are phased/deferred until a later date. This is because the benefits of the Grand Avenue interchange improvements are primarily contained to the US 101 southbound ramps / Grand Avenue intersection itself. Thus, the phased/postponeddeferred implementation of the East Grand Avenue Interchange improvements would not result in a significant impact (LOS D or lower) at the interchange and impacts to the roadway network would be less than significant. Table 7. 2035 (Design Year) PM Peak Hour Level of Service Intersection Offset US 101 SB Ramps (Interim Period) Aligned US 101 SB Ramps (Full Project Implementation) Delay (sec/veh) LOS Delay (sec/veh) LOS Grand Avenue / US 101 SB Ramps 25.5 C 22.8 C Grand Avenue / US 101 SB NB Ramps 12.9 B 12.3 B Source: Wood Rogers (2019) Both proposed project alternatives are consistent with applicable local and regional transportation plans, including the City of Arroyo Grande General Plan and 2014 Regional Transportation Plan. The proposed project is identified in the Regional Transportation Plan as an “emerging issue” and improvements to the Brisco-Halcyon Road and Grand Avenue interchanges are proposed to improve capacity and safety issues along this section of US 101. The project is generally consistent with the growth strategies and goals of the Land Use Element. It is intended to improve circulation infrastructure within the project area and bring the circulation system capacity into consistency with the intensity of surrounding land uses. The project would also bring the project area into consistency with the policies and standards of Caltrans, the Item 10.a. - Page 110 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 97 of 152 Circulation Element, and the US 101 Transportation Concept Report, which identifies a concept peak LOS D for the segment of US 101 extending through Arroyo Grande. Alternative 1 would require relocation of the RTA bus stop at the Arroyo Grande Shell Station to an adjacent location, so that buses were not required to enter the proposed westbound exclusive right-turn lane on Grand Avenue. Alternative 4C would include development of a new Park and Ride lot adjacent to the new US 101 ramps/West Branch Street/Grace Lane intersection, consistent with Circulation Element policies and Transportation System Management Strategies of the RTP. Measures have been incorporated (refer to Measures LU/mm-1 through LU/mm-5 in Section X. Land Use and Planning, above) to ensure that proposed circulation patterns incorporate and improve connectivity with existing and new public transit facilities, bike paths or lanes, and pedestrian access ways, including measures for incorporating and improving connectivity with existing and new public transit facilities to the greatest extent feasible. Impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. c): The project would not affect local air traffic patterns. No impacts would occur. d) – e): The project would improve the local transportation system by improving or replacing infrastructure currently operating at unacceptable levels. Emergency access would be maintained at all adjacent properties and congestion relief would improve emergency access throughout the City for police, fire, and emergency protection services. The project would be subject to all applicable Caltrans road design and construction standards and City measures contained in the General Plan. Therefore, no dangerous design components would occur. Potential impacts would be less than significant. f): Project development would result in minimal impacts to the parking area of Brisco’s Hardware under both design alternatives. Alternative 1 would also impact landscaping, signage, driveways, and accessory components of the Arroyo Grande Shell and Chevron stations. Alternative 4C would also result in the acquisition and conversion of a portion of the parking area for the Arroyo Grande Library and San Luis Obispo County Department of Agriculture building. Approximately 46 parking spaces would be removed to accommodate the new roundabout intersection and a new parking area behind the library would be constructed to replace lost parking spaces. Parking requirements by land use are identified in Municipal Code Section 16.56.060. Municipal Code Section 16.56.050.1 allows for a discretionary parking reduction up to 20%. The City would replace all lost parking spaces within the reconfigured parking lots to the extent feasible. Mitigation has been identified (refer to Measures LU/mm-1 through LU/mm-5 in Section X. Land Use and Planning, above) to ensure impacts to parking are reduced to less than significant. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts To minimize potentially significant impacts to traffic and transportation facilities, the following measures would be implemented: Implement Measures LU/mm-1 through LU/mm-5 and PS/mm-1 through PS/mm-3. Item 10.a. - Page 111 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 98 of 152 With the incorporation of these measures, residual impacts associated with traffic and transportation would be less than significant. XVII. Utilities and Service Systems Environmental Setting The project site is located within the incorporated City Limits of Arroyo Grande. Utilities will be served by both the City and other regional entities. The exact location of existing utility components, infrastructure, or systems in the project area, including water, sewer, natural gas, electric power, and telecommunications has not yet been determined. However, any existing utility component or facility that would be impacted by the project would be relocated or replaced in kind. Water and wastewater services within the City are provided by the City Public Works Department. The City has a franchise agreement with South County Sanitary Service for collection, diversion, and disposal of solid waste and is served by the Cold Canyon Landfill located approximately 4 miles north of the City in unincorporated San Luis Obispo County. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Exceed wastewater treatment restrictions or standards of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? b) Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities? Would the construction of these facilities cause significant environmental effects? c) Require or result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities? d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources or are new or expanded entitlements needed? e) Result in a determination, by the wastewater treatment provider that serves or may serve the project, that it has adequate capacity to service the project’s anticipated demand, in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project’s solid waste disposal needs? g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations as they relate to solid waste? Item 10.a. - Page 112 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 99 of 152 Discussion a), e): The project does not propose use or development of any on-site wastewater disposal systems or connection to any community wastewater system. The project would not include any use that would require wastewater discharges, except for short-term construction activities that would be serviced by on-site portable restroom and hand-washing facilities and/or existing facilities within the project area. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant. b), d): The project does not propose any new use that would create demand for new water or wastewater treatment facilities and would not require the construction or expansion of these facilities. Short-term construction activities would be serviced by the City’s municipal water supply and portable wastewater facilities and/or existing facilities within the project area. Therefore, potential impacts would be less than significant. c): The project would not result in the need for new or expanded storm water drainage or water quality control facilities. The new infrastructure could alter surface slopes and drainage patterns within the project area. These effects will be addressed in a drainage plan to avoid impacts to adjacent areas and ensure that storm water continues to flow along existing contours that drain naturally into the existing storm water drainage system. The project would result in ground disturbance of 1 acre or more of ground disturbance; therefore, the City would be required to prepare a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) pursuant to SWRCB requirements. The project does not propose substantial changes in long-term use of the project area; therefore, no permanent and substantially changed effects associated with discharge into or contamination of surface waters would result above that which currently exists. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. f), g): Upon completion, operation and use of the project would not generate any solid waste. Construction activities would result in the generation of solid waste materials, including cut volumes and demolition of existing infrastructure. The proposed project will be served by the Cold Canyon Landfill, which has adequate permitted capacity to serve the project. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures and Residual Impacts No significant impacts to utilities and service systems were identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are necessary. Item 10.a. - Page 113 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 100 of 152 5. Mandatory Findings of Significance Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species; cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels; threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community; substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of an endangered, rare or threatened species; or eliminate examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? b) Have the potential to achieve short-term environmental goals to the disadvantage of long-term environmental goals? c) Have possible environmental effects that are individually limited but cumulatively considerable? “Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of an individual project are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of possible future projects. d) Cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Discussion a): The proposed project does not have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment. Implementation of identified mitigation measures would ensure that the project would not substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels or threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, or substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal. The proposed project would not contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions or significantly increase energy consumption, and would not eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. b): The proposed project is designed to achieve the goal of the City to improve operations within the highway and local roadway system. The proposed project does not have the potential to achieve short- term goals to the disadvantage of long-term environmental goals. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. c): Because the project does not propose a new or significantly different use than the existing use, the project’s impacts would be limited in extent and duration and could be generally minimized through application of standard control measures. The proposed project does not have impacts that would be individually limited but cumulatively considerable with implementation of identified mitigation. There are no proposed or planned projects in the area that would create similar impacts, which when considered Item 10.a. - Page 114 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 101 of 152 together with the project-related impacts would be considerable, or which compound or increase other environmental impacts. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. d): The proposed project would not create environmental effects that would cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly. The project would improve existing infrastructure providing beneficial impacts on existing traffic and circulation systems. Adverse project effects would generally be limited to the construction phase of the project and minimized through standard mitigation measures. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant with mitigation. Item 10.a. - Page 115 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 102 of 152 6. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Agricultural Resources AG/mm-1 Farmland impacts shall be minimized in accordance with the City’s Agriculture, Conservation and Open Space Element, Policy Ag1-4.2, and Development Code Section 16.12.170(F). Permanent protection of prime farmlands shall be provided in the form of a perpetual agriculture or conservation easement. The agricultural or conservation easement shall protect lands at a 1:1 ratio if within the City limits, or at a 2:1 ratio if outside of the City limits but within the City’s area of environmental concern. The land shall be comparable in soil quality to the land being converted to non-agricultural uses and shall have an adequate water supply to support agricultural use that is also protected in the agricultural conservation easement, farmland deed restriction, or other document evidencing the permanent agricultural protection. As an alternative to the permanent conservation easement, the City may elect to pay in-lieu fees if the City Council determines that the payment of fees provides a superior opportunity to satisfy the goals and policies of the General Plan, in accordance with the Development Code (Section 16.12.170). The City Engineer shall submit documentation evidencing compliance to the City Community Development Director for verification prior to construction. Prior to issuance of construction permits City Engineer, City Community Development Director Air Quality AQ/mm-1 Prior to issuance of construction permits, the following measures shall be incorporated into the construction phase of the project and shown on all applicable plans: Construction Equipment a. Maintain all construction equipment in proper tune according to manufacturer’s specifications; These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Prior to issuance of construction permits and throughout construction activities City Engineer Item 10.a. - Page 116 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 103 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party b. Fuel all off-road and portable diesel powered equipment, including but not limited to bulldozers, graders, cranes, loaders, scrapers, backhoes, generator sets, compressors, auxiliary power units, with CARB-certified motor vehicle diesel fuel (non-taxed version suitable for use off-road); c. Maximize to the extent feasible, the use of diesel construction equipment meeting the CARB’s Tier 2 certified engines or cleaner off-road heavy-duty diesel engines, and comply with the State Off-Road Regulation; d. Use on-road heavy-duty trucks that meet the CARB’s 2007 or cleaner certification standard for on-road heavy-duty diesel engines, and comply with the State On-Road Regulation; e. Construction or trucking companies with fleets that that do not have engines in their fleet that meet the engine standards identified in the above two measures (e.g. captive or NOx exempt area fleets) may be eligible by proving alternative compliance; f. All on and off-road diesel equipment shall not idle for more than 5 minutes. Signs shall be posted in the designated queuing areas and or job sites to remind drivers and operators of the 5-minute idling limit; g. Diesel idling within 1,000 feet of sensitive receptors shall be avoided to the maximum extent feasible; h. Staging and queuing areas shall not be located within 1,000 feet of sensitive receptors to the maximum extent feasible; i. Electrify equipment when feasible; j. Substitute gasoline-powered in place of diesel-powered equipment, where feasible; and, k. Use alternatively fueled construction equipment on-site where feasible, such as compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), propane or biodiesel. Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Item 10.a. - Page 117 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 104 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Best Available Control Technology l. Further reduce emissions by expanding use of Tier 3 and Tier 4 off-road and 2010 on-road compliant engines; m. Repower equipment with the cleanest engines available; and, n. Install California Verified Diesel Emission Control Strategies. These strategies are listed at: http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/verdev/vt/cvt.htm. AQ/mm-2 Upon application for construction permits, all required PM10 measures shall be shown on applicable grading or construction plans, and made applicable during grading and construction activities as described below. a. Reduce the amount of the disturbed area where possible; b. Use of water trucks or sprinkler systems in sufficient quantities to prevent airborne dust from leaving the site. Increased watering frequency would be required whenever wind speeds exceed 15 miles per hour (mph); c. Reclaimed (non-potable) water should be used whenever possible; d. All dirt stock pile areas should be sprayed daily as needed; e. Permanent dust control measures identified in the approved project revegetation and landscape plans should be implemented as soon as possible following completion of any soil disturbing activities; f. Exposed ground areas that are planned to be reworked at dates greater than one month after initial grading should be sown with a fast germinating, non-invasive grass seed and watered until vegetation is established; g. All disturbed soil areas not subject to revegetation should be stabilized using approved chemical soil binders, jute netting, or other methods approved in advance by the APCD; These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to issuance of construction permits and throughout construction activities City Engineer Item 10.a. - Page 118 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 105 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party h. All roadways, driveways, sidewalks, etc. to be paved should be completed as soon as possible. In addition, building pads should be laid as soon as possible after grading unless seeding or soil binders are used; i. Vehicle speed for all construction vehicles shall not exceed 15 mph on any unpaved surface at the construction site; j. All trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil, or other loose materials are to be covered or should maintain at least two feet of freeboard (minimum vertical distance between top of load and top of trailer) in accordance with California Vehicle Code §23114; k. Install wheel washers where vehicles enter and exit unpaved roads onto streets, or wash off trucks and equipment leaving the site; and, l. Sweep streets at the end of each day if visible soil material is carried onto adjacent paved roads. Water sweepers with reclaimed water should be used where feasible. All of these fugitive dust mitigation measures shall be shown on grading, construction and building plans; and the contractor shall designate a person or persons to monitor the fugitive dust emissions and enhance the implementation of the measures as necessary to minimize dust complaints, reduce visible emissions below 20% opacity, and to prevent transport of dust off-site. Their duties shall include monitoring the effectiveness of the required dust control measures (as conditions dictate), and shall include holidays and weekend periods when work may not be in progress. The name and telephone number of such persons shall be provided to the APCD Compliance Division prior to the start of any grading, earthwork, or demolition. Item 10.a. - Page 119 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 106 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party AQ/mm-3 Prior to issuance of grading permit, the applicant shall submit a geologic evaluation of naturally occurring asbestos of the project site to the APCD. If naturally occurring asbestos is present onsite, the applicant shall comply with all requirements outlined in the Asbestos Airborne Toxic Control Measures (ATCM) for Construction, Grading, Quarrying, and Surface Mining Operations. These requirements may include, but are not limited to: 1) an Asbestos Dust Mitigation Plan that shall be approved by the APCD prior to construction, and 2) an Asbestos Health and Safety Program. Prior to development on the 30-acre portion of the site, the applicant shall submit a Naturally Occurring Asbestos Construction and Grading Permit Exemption Request Form to the APCD. Submit geologic evaluation and documented compliance with ATCM to City Community Development Department and APCD Prior to issuance of construction permits City Engineer, City Community Development Department, APCD Biological Resources BIO/mm-1 Prior to project implementation, the City shall retain a qualified biological monitor(s) approved by all involved regulatory agencies to ensure compliance with mitigation measures within the project environmental documents. Monitoring shall occur throughout the length of construction or as directed by the regulatory agencies. Monitoring may be reduced to part time once construction activities are underway and the potential for additional impacts are reduced. Retain biological monitor, submit weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance to City Community Development Department Prior to issuance of construction permits and throughout the duration of construction activities Biological Monitor, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-2 During project activities, the biological monitor(s) shall coordinate with federal, state, and local agencies and the construction contractor to ensure construction schedules comply with biological mitigation requirements. Submit weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance to City Community Development Department Throughout the duration of construction activities Biological Monitor, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-3 The project site shall be clearly flagged or fenced so that the contractor is aware of the limits of allowable site access points and disturbance. Areas within the designated project site that These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans Prior to and throughout the Biological Monitor, City Engineer, City Community Item 10.a. - Page 120 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 107 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party do not require regular access shall be clearly flagged as off- limit areas to avoid/discourage unnecessary damage to sensitive habitats within and near the project site. shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction and periodically thereafter to ensure compliance with these requirements. duration of construction activities Development Department BIO/mm-4 During project activities, any work that must occur within drainage ditches shall be conducted when they do not contain flowing water, if possible. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-5 Erosion control measures shall be implemented during construction. Temporary sediment control BMPs (i.e., temporary large sediment control barrier) shall be installed in appropriate areas to prevent introduction of silt/sediment to aquatic areas within the project area. At a minimum, temporary sediment control BMPs shall be checked and maintained on a daily basis during the rainy season These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, Biological Monitor, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 121 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 108 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party throughout the construction period. The contractor shall also apply adequate dust control techniques, such as site watering, in areas where necessary during construction. construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction and periodically thereafter to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-6 During project activities, the cleaning and refueling of equipment and vehicles shall occur only within a designated staging area and at least 100 feet away from a concentrated flow of storm water if performed within a flood plain, or 50 feet if outside of a flood plain. This staging area shall conform to Best Management Practices (BMPs) applicable to attaining zero discharge of storm water runoff. At a minimum, all equipment and vehicles shall be checked and maintained on a daily basis to ensure proper operation and avoid potential leaks or spills. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction and periodically thereafter to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 122 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 109 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party BIO/mm-7 All project-related spills of hazardous materials within or adjacent to project sites shall be cleaned-up immediately. Spill prevention and clean-up materials shall be on-site at all times during construction. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction and periodically thereafter to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-8 The biological monitor(s) shall ensure that the spread of introduction of invasive exotic plant species will be avoided to the maximum extent possible. When practicable, invasive exotic plants in the project site shall be removed and properly disposed. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Biological Monitor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 123 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 110 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Community Development Department BIO/mm-9 During construction, trash shall be contained, removed from the work site, and disposed of regularly. Following construction, all trash and construction debris shall be removed from work areas. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Prior to, throughout the duration of, and following construction activities Contractor, Biological Monitor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-10 Prior to construction, when feasible, tree trimming and removal will be scheduled to occur from September 1 through February 14, outside of the typical nesting bird season, to avoid potential impacts to nesting birds. All tree trimming or removal should be monitored by a qualified biologistIf These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Biological Monitor, City Engineer, City Community Item 10.a. - Page 124 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 111 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party feasible, removal of trees shall be scheduled to occur in the fall and winter (between September 1 and February 15), after fledging and before the initiation of the nesting season. these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform initial and periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Development Department BIO/mm-11 If construction activities are proposed during the typical nesting season (February 15 to September 1), a nesting bird survey will be conducted by qualified biologists no more than 2 weeks prior to the start of construction to determine presence/absence of nesting birds within the Biological Study Area (BSA) and immediate vicinity. Caltrans will be notified if federally listed nesting bird species are observed during the surveys and will facilitate coordination with the USFWS, if necessary, to determine an appropriate avoidance strategy. Likewise, coordination with the CDFW will be facilitated by the City, if necessary, to devise a suitable avoidance plan for state- listed nesting bird species. If raptor nests are observed within the BSA during the preconstruction nesting bird surveys, the nest(s) shall be designated an Environmental Sensitive Area and protected by a minimum 500-foot avoidance buffer until the breeding season ends or until a qualified biologist determines that all young have fledged and are no longer reliant upon the nest or parental care for survival. Similarly, if active passerine nests are observed within the BSA during the preconstruction nesting bird surveys, the nest(s) shall be designated an Environmentally Sensitive Area and protected by a minimum 250-foot avoidance buffer until the breeding season ends or until a qualified biologist determines that all young have fledged and are no longer reliant upon the nest or parental care for survival. Resource agencies may consider These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. If necessary, retain qualified biologist approved by City Community Development Director. Compliance during construction within the nesting season shall be verified through on- site monitoring and submittal of weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance to the City Community Development Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 125 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 112 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party proposed variances from these buffers if there is a compelling biological or ecological reason to do so, such as protection of a nest via concealment due to site topography.If trees must be removed from February 15 to September 15, a qualified biologist shall be retained to conduct pre-construction surveys for nesting bird species within the project site. Department and any additional regulatory permitting agencies. BIO/mm-12 If least Bell’s vireo or any other special-status bird is observed within 100 feet of the BSA during the course of construction or during the preconstruction surveys, all project activities shall cease immediately, and the resource agencies shall be consulted. Development of additional avoidance and minimization measures will occur as necessary in coordination with the pertinent agencies, as necessaryIf active nests are observed, the applicant shall either: 1) wait for such nesting birds to fledge and leave the project site; 2) establish 100-foot exclusion zones around active nests, where construction will not be allowed in these exclusion zones until young have fledged; or 3) consult with the appropriate resource agencies for guidance prior to site disturbance. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Compliance during construction within the nesting season shall be verified through on-site monitoring and submittal of weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance to the City Community Development Department and any additional regulatory permitting agencies. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Biological Monitor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 126 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 113 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party BIO/mm-13 During construction, the contractor will make a deliberate effort to limit the use of imported soils for fill. Soils currently existing on-site should be used for fill material. If the use of imported fill material is necessary, the imported material must be obtained from a source that is known to be free of invasive plant species, or the material must consist of purchased clean material such as crushed aggregate, sorted rock, or similar. To avoid the spread of invasive species, the contractor will: a. Remove any invasive plant species within the BSA during construction activities and ensure that they are not replanted. b. Stockpile topsoil and redeposit the stockpiled soil on the slopes after construction is complete; or, c. Transport the topsoil to a permitted landfill for disposal. the project will make all reasonable efforts to limit the use of imported soils for fill. Soils currently existing on-site should be used for fill material. If the use of imported fill material is necessary, the imported material must be obtained from a source that is known to be free of invasive plant species; or the material must consist of purchased clean material such as crushed aggregate, sorted rock, or similar. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. If imported fill is necessary, the City Engineer shall submit documentation evidencing compliance to the City Community Development Director for verification. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-14 During construction, the biological monitor(s) will ensure that the spread or introduction of invasive exotic plant species is avoided to the maximum extent practicable. When practicable, invasive exotic plants in the project site will be removed and properly disposed of. Removed invasive plants shall be bagged and tied up so that they do not blow in the wind when being driven off site.To avoid the spread of invasive species, the contractor shall: Stockpile topsoil and redeposit the stockpiled soil on the slopes after construction of the new bridge is complete; or Transport the topsoil to a certified landfill for disposal. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 127 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 114 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Prepare a Habitat Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (HMMP), which shall include restoration planting plans that emphasize the use of native species expected to occur in the area. The necessary HMMP would incorporate an invasive species control program. All erosion control materials including straw bales, straw wattles, or mulch used on-site must be free of invasive species seed. compliance with these requirements. BIO/mm-15 The Habitat Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (HMMP) restoration planting plans must emphasize the use of native species expected to occur in the area. The HMMP will include an invasive species control program. All erosion control materials including straw bales, straw wattles, or mulch used on-site must be free of invasive species seed. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-16 A biologist with experience in the identification of all life stages of the California red-legged frog, and its critical habitat (75 FR 12816), will survey the project site no more than 48 hours before the onset of work activities. If any life stage of the California red-legged frog is detected the USFWS will be notified prior to the start of construction. If Caltrans and the USFWS determine that adverse effects to the California red- legged frog or its critical habitat cannot be avoided, the proposed project will not commence until the Caltrans completes the appropriate level of consultation with the USFWS. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 128 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 115 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-17 Work activities will take place during the dry season, between April 1 and November 1, when water levels are typically are at their lowest, and California red-legged frogs are likely to be more detectable. Should activities need to be conducted outside of this period, Caltrans may conduct or authorize such activities after obtaining the USFWS's written approval. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 129 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 116 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-18 Before work begins on any proposed project, a biologist with experience in the ecology of the California red-legged frog, as well as the identification of all its life stages, will conduct a training session for all construction personnel, which will include a description of the California red-legged frog, its critical habitat, and specific measures that are being implemented to avoid adverse effects to the subspecies during the proposed project. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Regular reports documenting compliance (e.g., sign- in sheets, training materials) shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 130 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 117 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party BIO/mm-19 If any life stage of the California red-legged frog is detected in the project area during construction, work will cease immediately and the resident engineer, authorized biologist, or biological monitor will notify the Ventura Fish and Wildlife Office via telephone or electronic mail. If Caltrans and the USFWS determine that adverse effects to California red- legged frogs cannot be avoided, construction activities will remain suspended until Caltrans and the USFWS complete the appropriate level of consultation. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-20 During project activities, all trash that may attract predators will be properly contained, removed from the work site, and disposed of regularly. Following construction, all trash and construction debris will be removed from work areas. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 131 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 118 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. BIO/mm-21 Prior to the onset of work, Caltrans will ensure that a plan is in place for prompt and effective response to any accidental spills. All workers will be informed of the importance of preventing spills and of the appropriate measures to implement should a spill occur. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-22 All refueling, maintenance, and staging of equipment and vehicles will occur at least 60 feet from aquatic or riparian habitat and not in a location from where a spill would drain directly toward aquatic habitat. The monitor will ensure These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Item 10.a. - Page 132 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 119 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party contamination of aquatic or riparian habitat does not occur during such operations by implementing the spill response plan described in measure 21. consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Development Department BIO/mm-23 Plants used in revegetation will consist of native riparian, wetland, and upland vegetation suitable for the area. Locally collected plant materials will be used to the extent practicable. Invasive, exotic plants will be controlled to the maximum extent practicable. This measure will be implemented in all areas disturbed by activities associated with the project, unless Caltrans and the USFWS determine that it is not feasible or practical. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 133 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 120 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-24 Habitat contours will be returned to their original configuration at the end of project activities in all areas that have been temporarily disturbed by activities associated with the project, unless Caltrans and the USFWS determine that it is not feasible or modification of original contours would benefit the California red-legged frog. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 134 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 121 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party BIO/mm-25 The number of access routes, size of staging areas, and the total area of the activity will be limited to the minimum necessary to achieve the project goals. Environmentally Sensitive Areas will be delineated to confine access routes and construction areas to the minimum area necessary to complete construction, and minimize the impact to habitat for the California red-legged frog; this goal includes locating access routes and construction areas outside of aquatic habitat and riparian areas to the maximum extent practicable. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-26 To control sedimentation during and after project implementation, Caltrans will implement BMPs outlined in any authorizations or permits issued under the authorities of the Clean Water Act that it receives for the specific project. If BMPs are ineffective, Caltrans will attempt to remedy the situation immediately, in coordination with the USFWS. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department, Caltrans Item 10.a. - Page 135 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 122 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-27 If a work site is to be temporarily dewatered by pumping, the intake will be screened with wire mesh not larger than 0.2 inch to prevent any California red-legged frogs not initially detected from entering the pump system. If California red- legged frogs are detected during dewatering, and adverse effects to California red-legged frogs cannot be avoided, construction activities will remain suspended until Caltrans and the USFWS complete the appropriate level of consultation. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 136 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 123 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-28 Upon completion of construction activities, any diversions or barriers to flow will be removed in a manner that would allow flow to resume with the least disturbance to the substrate. Alteration of the creek bed will be minimized to the maximum extent possible; any imported material will be removed from the stream bed upon completion of the project. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department BIO/mm-29 Unless approved by the USFWS, water will not be impounded in a manner that may attract California red-legged frogs. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Item 10.a. - Page 137 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 124 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Development Department BIO/mm-30 A qualified biologist will permanently remove any individuals of exotic species, such as bullfrogs, crayfish, and centrarchid fishes, from the project area, to the maximum extent possible. The biologist will be responsible for ensuring his or her activities are in compliance with the California Fish and Game Code. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 138 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 125 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department BIO/mm-31 To ensure that diseases are not conveyed between work sites by the USFWS-approved biologist, the enclosed fieldwork code of practice developed by the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force will be followed at all times. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction, periodically thereafter, and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Contractor, Qualified Biologist, City Engineer, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 139 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 126 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department Cultural Resources CR/mm-1 If a potentially significant cultural resource is encountered during subsurface earthwork activities, all construction activities within a 100-foot radius of the find shall cease until a qualified archaeologist determines whether the uncovered resource requires further study. A standard inadvertent discovery clause shall be included in every grading and construction contract to inform contractors of this requirement. Any previously undiscovered resources found during construction shall be recorded on appropriate California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms and evaluated for significance in terms of California Environmental Quality Act criteria by a qualified archaeologist. Potentially significant cultural resources consist of, but are not limited to, stone, bone, glass, ceramic, wood, or shell artifacts; fossils; or features including hearths, structural remains, or historic dumpsites. If the resource is determined significant under CEQA, the qualified archaeologist shall prepare and implement a research design and archaeological data recovery plan that will capture those categories of data for which the site is significant. The archaeologist shall also perform appropriate technical analysis, prepare a comprehensive report, and file it with the appropriate Information Center and provide for the permanent curation of the recovered materials. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans and construction contracts shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Qualified Archaeologist, Contractor, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 140 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 127 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party CR/mm-2 A qualified paleontologist will be retained to prepare a paleontological mitigation plan for the proposed project and supervise monitoring of construction excavations. Retain qualified paleontologist. The paleontological mitigation plan shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Qualified Paleontologist, City Community Development Department CR/mm-3 All project-related ground disturbances which may disturb geologic units that are considered to have a high paleontological sensitivity (i.e., previously undisturbed Quaternary older sand dune deposits, or any portions of the Paso Robles and Pismo Formations) will be monitored by a qualified paleontological monitor on a full-time basis. However, the frequency of monitoring may be reduced at the discretion of the qualified paleontologist if the disturbed geologic units are determined to have a low potential to yield significant fossils resources upon further examination of the geologic units during grading operations. Based on the excavation plans provided for both Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C, portions of the project area will involve the placement of fill material, shallow excavation in previously- filled areas, or only surficial excavations of less than 1.5 feet in depth. These excavation areas will not require paleontological monitoring. However, the portions of Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C that are expected to require excavations greater than 1.5 feet in depth or to any depth in previously undisturbed areas of geologically sensitive formations, as These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The paleontological mitigation plan shall be reviewed by the City for consistency with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Qualified Paleontologist, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 141 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 128 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party designated in the PER (SWCA 2014) should be monitored full- time by a qualified paleontologist. Development Department. CR/mm-4 Paleontological resource monitoring will include inspection of exposed rock units during active excavations within sensitive geologic deposits. The monitor will have authority to temporarily divert grading away from exposed fossils to professionally and efficiently recover the fossil specimens and collect associated data. All efforts to avoid delays in project schedules will be made. Monitors will be equipped with the necessary tools for the rapid removal of fossils and retrieval of associated data to prevent construction delays. This equipment will include handheld global positioning system receivers, digital cameras, and cellular phones, as well as a tool kit containing specimen containers and matrix sampling bags, field labels, field tools (e.g., awls, hammers, chisels, shovels, etc.), and plaster kits. The paleontological mitigation plan shall be reviewed by the City for consistency with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Qualified Paleontologist, City Community Development Department CR/mm-5 At each fossil locality, field data forms will be used to record pertinent geologic data, stratigraphic sections will be measured, and appropriate sediment samples will be collected and submitted for analysis. The paleontological mitigation plan shall be reviewed by the City for consistency with these requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities Qualified Paleontologist, City Community Development Department CR/mm-6 Recovered fossils will be prepared to the point of curation, identified by qualified experts, listed in a database to facilitate analysis, and reposited in a designated paleontological curation facility. The qualified paleontologist will prepare a paleontological mitigation and monitoring report to be filed The paleontological mitigation plan shall be reviewed by the City for consistency with these Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities and following the Qualified Paleontologist, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 142 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 129 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party with the City of Arroyo Grande, as lead agency, and the repository. The report will include, but will not be limited to, a discussion of the results of the mitigation and monitoring program, an evaluation and analysis of the fossils collected (including an assessment of their significance, age and geologic context), an itemized inventory of fossils collected, a confidential appendix of locality and specimen data with locality maps and photographs, an appendix of curation agreements and other appropriate communications, and a copy of the project-specific paleontological mitigation plan. requirements. Weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department. The paleontological mitigation and monitoring report shall be submitted to the City for approval to ensure consistency with these requirements. discovery of any recovered fossils Hazards and Hazardous Materials HAZ/mm-1 Prior to construction, the City shall prepare a Hazardous Material Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plan to minimize the potential for, and effects of, spills of hazardous or toxic substances during construction of the project. The plan shall be submitted for review and approval by the City Public Works Director, and shall include, at minimum, the following: a. A description of storage procedures and construction site maintenance and upkeep practices; b. Identification of a person or persons responsible for monitoring implementation of the plan and spill response; c. Identification of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be implemented to ensure minimal impacts to the environment occur, including but not limited to the use of containment devices for hazardous materials, training of construction staff regarding safety practices to reduce the These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications and the Hazardous Material Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plan shall be included with the project plans. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. Construction personnel training Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Public Works Director, City Engineer, City Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 143 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 130 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party chance for spills or accidents, and use of non-toxic substances where feasible; d. A description of proper procedures for containing, diverting, isolating, and cleaning up spills, hazardous substances and/or soils, in a manner that minimizes impacts on surface and groundwater quality and sensitive biological resources; e. A description of the actions required if a spill occurs, including which authorities to contact and proper clean- up procedures; and f. A requirement that all construction personnel participate in an awareness training program conducted by qualified personnel approved by the City Public Works Director. The training must include a description of the Hazardous Materials Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plan, the plan’s requirements for spill prevention, information regarding the importance of preventing spills, the appropriate measures to take should a spill occur, and identification of the location of all clean-up materials and equipment. shall be confirmed by the City Engineer prior to construction by review of appropriate documentation of the training, including a list of the training attendees. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. HAZ/mm-2 Demolition of existing structures and/or infrastructure shall be conducted in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements, including the requirements stipulated in the National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (40 CFR 61, Subpart M – asbestos NESHAP). These requirements include, but are not limited to, notification to the APCD, an asbestos survey conducted by a Certified Asbestos Inspector, and applicable removal and disposal requirements of identified asbestos containing materials. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. Reports documenting compliance shall be submitted to the City Community Development Department. If Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 144 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 131 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party necessary, weekly monitoring reports documenting compliance with regulatory requirements shall be provided throughout construction. HAZ/mm-3 A Soil Management Plan and Health and Safety Plan shall be developed for the project and subject to approval by Caltrans to ensure contaminated soils excavated during the project construction are handled, stockpiled, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. Soils excavated during the project shall be tested for lead concentrations and the Soil Management Plan shall establish a Reuse Screening Level for the excavated soils; excavated soils with contaminant concentrations below the Reuse Screening Levels may be reused during construction on the right-of-way, while soils with contaminant concentrations exceeding the Reuse Screening Levels shall be managed as hazardous waste and disposed of at a facility that accepts soil with the detected concentrations of contaminants. Special handling, treatment, or disposal of aerially deposited lead in soils during construction activities within that portion of the project within Caltrans right of way shall be consistent with the California Department of Toxic Substances Control and Caltrans Soil Management Agreement for Aerially Deposited Lead- Contaminated soils (effective July 1, 2016). These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director HAZ/mm-4 Prior to initiation of construction, a Lead Compliance Plan shall be prepared by the contractor to prevent or minimize worker exposure to lead from handling material containing aerially-deposited lead (California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Section 1532.1). This plan shall also be required for work performed on painted structures. The contractor shall prepare These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 145 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 132 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party a written, project-specific Excavation and Transportation Plan establishing procedures the contractor shall use for excavating, stockpiling, transporting, and placing (or disposing) of material containing aerially deposited lead. The plan must conform to Department of Toxic Substance Control and California Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations. For samples where lead levels exceed hazardous waste criteria, the excavated soil shall be either managed or disposed of as a California hazardous waste or stockpiled and resampled to confirm waste classification and potential utilization of Caltrans’ hazardous waste agreement to recycle soil on site. The appropriate Caltrans Standard Special Provision shall be included in the Plans, Specifications, and Estimate. the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. HAZ/mm-5 Built structures within the project area proposed for demolition or removal, including all concrete, painted surfaces, and treated wood poles and soils at the base of poles, shall be tested for asbestos containing material, lead- based paint, and petroleum hydrocarbons and other wood preservative chemicals. Testing shall be conducted prior to initiation of construction and estimates during the Plans, Specifications, and Estimates phase of the project shall include provisions for proper removal and disposal by a licensed contractor. Any identified contaminants and toxic materials shall be handled, treated, and disposed of in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. In the event hydrocarbon- contaminated soils are encountered, the APCD shall be contacted immediately and no later than 48 hours after affected material is discovered to determine if an APCD permit will be required. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Testing reports shall be provided to the City and reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director HAZ/mm-6 The electrical company responsible for the electrical transformers present within the project area shall be contacted to determine if the transformers contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). If the transformers contain Proof of compliance with this measure shall be provided to the City prior to Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 146 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 133 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), then they shall be removed and disposed of in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. Any identified leaking transformers shall be considered a potential PCB hazard unless tested and shall be handled accordingly. construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements, as necessary. HAZ/mm-7 The gas company responsible for the gas transmission pipelines located within the project area shall be contacted to delineate the location of the gas transmission pipelines. The location of the pipelines shall be shown on all project plans and specifications. Proof of compliance with this measure shall be provided to the City prior to construction. Plans shall be reviewed by the City for consistency with this measure prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements, as necessary. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director HAZ/mm-8 Underground Service Alert for Northern/Central California and Nevada (USA North) shall be contacted prior to any subsurface excavation to determine the location of any subsurface utility lines. Proof of compliance with this measure shall be provided to the City prior to construction. Plans shall be reviewed by the City for consistency with this measure prior to construction. The City Engineer shall Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 147 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 134 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements, as necessary. HAZ/mm-9 Testing and removal requirements for yellow traffic striping and pavement marking materials shall be performed in accordance with Caltrans Construction Policy Bulleting 99-2 (Caltrans Construction Manual Chapter 7-107E). These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director HAZ/mm-10 Any previously unknown hazardous waste or material encountered as part of construction of the proposed project shall be handled, treated, and disposed of in accordance with Caltrans Unknown Hazards Procedures. These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director HAZ/mm-11 Prior to any disturbance at or within 100 feet of the Arroyo Grande Shell Gas Station located at 222 Grand Avenue, the City shall consult with the California Department of Toxic Substances, Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, County of San Luis Obispo Environmental Health Department, and Caltrans Headquarters Hazardous Waste Management Section regarding the potential disturbance of hazardous substances and materials at the site. Prior to any disturbance at or within 100 feet of the Arroyo Grande Shell Gas Station, the City shall prepare a Hazardous Materials/Hazardous Waste Management, Removal, and Remediation Plan. The plan shall, at minimum, include worker health and safety protection measures and restrictions on the These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Proof of consultation and Plans shall be provided to the City and reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Community Development Director Item 10.a. - Page 148 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 135 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party disposal of excavated soil and groundwater. The plan shall incorporate any additional assessment and remediation required by the California Department of Toxic Substances, Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, County of San Luis Obispo Environmental Health Department, and Caltrans Headquarters Hazardous Waste Management Section. The Plan shall include measures that ensure all hazardous materials involvement would be coordinated with the appropriate federal, state, and local regulatory agencies and all hazardous materials encountered would be removed, handled, and disposed of in accordance with state and federal regulations. inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Hydrology and Water Quality HYD/mm-1 Prior to commencement of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), which shall include Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be implemented and monitored prior to and during construction. The SWPPP would include a Construction Site Monitoring Program that presents procedures and methods related to the visual monitoring and sampling and analysis plans for non-visible pollutants, sediment and turbidity, and pH. Submit approved SWPPP, as recorded in the SWRCB Storm Water Multiple Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS) database, to the City Department of Public Works and Community Development Department Prior to issuance of construction permits City Engineer, City Community Development Department HYD/mm-2 The City shall implement, at minimum, the following BMPs. Temporary Construction Measures a. All substantial ground disturbance shall be limited to the dry season or periods when rainfall is not predicted, to minimize erosion and sediment transport to surface waters; These requirements shall be noted in plan specifications. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City prior to Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, Contractor, City Community Development Department Item 10.a. - Page 149 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 136 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party b. Disturbed areas shall be stabilized or re-vegetated prior to the start of the rainy season; c. Impacts to vegetation shall be minimized. The work area shall be flagged to identify its limits. Vegetation shall not be removed or intentionally damaged beyond these limits. d. Construction materials and soil piles shall be placed in designated areas where they could not enter storm drains due to spillage or erosion. e. Waste and debris generated during construction shall be stored in designated waste collection areas and containers away from watercourses, and shall be disposed of regularly. f. During construction, washing of concrete trucks, paint, equipment, or similar activities shall occur only in areas where polluted water and materials can be contained for subsequent removal from the site. Wash water shall not be discharged to the storm drains, street, drainage ditches, creeks, or wetlands. Concrete washout area shall be isolated from storm drains, and wash water and waste shall be removed from project site. The location of the washout area shall be clearly noted at the construction site with signs. g. All fueling of heavy equipment shall occur in a designated area removed from on-site drainages, such that any spillage would not enter surface waters. The designated refueling area shall include a drain pan or drop cloth and absorbent materials to clean up spills. The location of the fueling area shall be clearly noted at the construction site with signs. h. Vehicles and equipment shall be maintained properly to prevent leakage of hydrocarbons and coolant, and shall be examined for leaks on a daily basis. All maintenance shall occur in a designated offsite area. The designated construction. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections immediately prior to construction and periodically thereafter to ensure compliance with these requirements. The City Engineer shall perform site inspections and/or coordinate with construction personnel prior to every predicted rain event to ensure temporary soil stabilization BMPs and temporary sediment control BMPs have been applied prior to every predicted rain event, consistent with the Construction General Permit. Item 10.a. - Page 150 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 137 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party area shall include a drain pan or drop cloth and absorbent materials to clean up spills. i. Any accidental spill of hydrocarbons or coolant that may occur on the construction site shall be cleaned immediately. Absorbent materials shall be maintained on the construction site for this purpose. j. Temporary placement of fill shall be located outside of any drainage ways. k. Adequate measures shall be applied to all disturbed portions of the project site to control dust, such as daily watering or hydro-mulching until vegetation cover is well established. l. Any fill or stockpiling that is to be left more than 30 days shall be hydro-seeded or covered immediately upon completion of the fill or stockpiling work. m. All fill material shall be “clean” and free of any potentially hazardous materials or hazardous waste. n. Rain Event Action Plan (REAP). Risk Level 2 projects are required to prepare a REAP, which will describe projected storm information and list specific actions required to be taken before predicted rain events. o. Soil Stabilization Measures. Minimum soil stabilization measures for the project shall include move-in/move-out erosion control, use of temporary hydraulic mulch on any exposed disturbed soils, temporary covers to protect disturbed soil areas, and temporary fencing to designate environmentally sensitive areas as outside of the work area limits. Analysis of additional soil stabilization measures will continue during the design phase. p. Sediment Control Measures. Minimum sediment control measures for the project shall include temporary fiber rolls to minimize sediment-laden sheet flows and concentrated flows from discharging offsite, and temporary drainage inlet protection to prevent sediment from entering current or proposed storm drains. Item 10.a. - Page 151 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 138 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Investigation into additional sediment control measures, including the use of sediment traps, will continue during the design phase. q. Tracking Controls. To prevent the tracking of mud and dirt off-site, stabilized construction entrances and exits shall be placed at multiple points throughout the project site. Street sweeping shall be implemented to remove any tracked sediment. r. Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control. Concrete washout bins shall be considered for all concrete-related work activities. s. Construction Site Management. The project’s proposed Construction Site Management includes controlling potential sources of water pollution before they enter any storm water systems or water courses and employee and subcontractor training, including the proper selection, deployment, and repair of construction site BMPs used within the project site. t. Storm Wwater Sampling and Analysis. Risk Level 2 projects are required to perform storm water sampling at all discharge locations during qualifying rain events. The samples shall be analyzed for pH and turbidity, and subject to numeric action levels. Permanent Design Measures u. Downstream Effects Related to Potentially Increased Flows. Design pollution prevention BMPs shall be incorporated to promote infiltration, maintain, or restore pre-project hydrology, as well as provide overall water quality improvement of discharges. Potential water quality improvement measures include grading slopes to blend with natural terrain and decrease the need for dikes, designing permanent drainage facilities that mimic the existing drainage patterns of the area, constructing permanent vegetated drainage ditches to decrease the Item 10.a. - Page 152 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 139 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party velocity of discharge, and maintaining existing vegetated areas to the extent feasible. v. Alternative 4C would modify local drainage along the roadway by bisecting a roadside ditch. Connectivity shall be maintained with a culvert crossing the north portion of the proposed intersection. w. Slope/Surface Protection Systems. The proposed side slopes to accommodate the new improvements would be minor and would be 2:1 or flatter, consistent with existing slopes, except for slopes adjacent to the realigned southbound US 101 on-ramp from Grand Avenue, where slopes would be 4:1 (horizontal:vertical [H:V]). Other slope/surface protection items shall include slope paving, hydroseed, and move-in/move-out. x. Concentrated Flow Conveyance Systems. Open vegetated conveyances would be prioritized and utilized before lined and piped conveyances. Depending on the alternative selected, new drainage inlets and culvert pipes will be necessary to convey runoff to existing drainage ditches. There are currently no known existing areas of erosion or slope failures at existing culvert crossings, so additional installation of flared end sections, rock slope protection, or other outlet protection/velocity dissipation devices may not be required. However, because the runoff will drain to existing or proposed natural drainage ditches, calculations will be conducted during the design phase should show that the increase in volume can be contained within the ditches and that the increase in flow and velocity will not result in erosion or scour if the ditches are only vegetated and lined with rock or other hard material. y. Preservation of Existing Vegetation. Existing vegetation shall be preserved to the maximum extent possible. The project would result in minimal clearing or grubbing because the majority of the project area is currently Item 10.a. - Page 153 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 140 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party paved. Proposed roadway improvements entail graded side slopes of 2:1 or flatter, except for slopes adjacent to the realigned southbound US 101 on-ramp from Grand Avenue, where slopes would be 4:1 (H:V). Any slopes steeper than 2:1 (H:V) will be stabilized with retaining walls, except the 4:1 slopes adjacent to the southbound US 101 on-ramp from Grand Avenue, which would be stabilized with erosion control/landscaping. Permanent Treatment Measures z. Treatment BMP Strategy. Permanent treatment BMPs will be considered for Alternative 4C if design pollution prevention BMPs are not sufficient to infiltrate the water quality volume and are expected to include infiltration TBMPs. Onsite soils are most generally classified as HSG Type D. Based on this information, it is estimated that soil amendments will be needed to achieve a 90% infiltration ranking for biofiltration and infiltration devices under Alternative 4C. Treatment for this project shall be to the maximum extent possible, and the project will attempt to treat all added impervious areas, which varies based on the alternative selected. aa. Biofiltration Swales/Strips. Currently, vegetated ditches capture sheet flow and convey runoff to Arroyo Grande Creek and Meadow Creek and Pismo Lake. Design pollution prevention infiltration type BMPs will be prioritized for the project. However, under Alternative 4C, infiltration will also occur at seven proposed biofiltration strips/swales. Vegetation mixes appropriate for the biofiltration swales based on project climate and location have not been determined at this time. However, biofiltration swales shall meet 100% treatment of the added impervious area. Item 10.a. - Page 154 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 141 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Maintenance Treatment Measures bb. The project will require drain inlet stenciling in areas where there is pedestrian access, primarily at the Brisco Road undercrossing, on West Branch Street, and on Grace Lane. Stenciling detail will follow the Caltrans Standard Plans for drain inlet stenciling. Other types of maintenance BMPs, including maintenance vehicle pullouts, shall also be considered during the design phase in coordination with the City and the Caltrans Maintenance Area Manager. Land Use and Planning LU/mm-1 Prior to initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare circulation and traffic plans which shall incorporate and improve connectivity with existing and new public transit facilities, bike paths or lanes, and pedestrian access ways to the greatest extent feasible through, at minimum, incorporation of crosswalks, sidewalks and bike lanes. All new public transit facilities, bike paths or lanes, and pedestrian access ways shall be ADA-compliant. Temporary construction activities shall avoid conflict with bike and pedestrian access ways to the greatest extent feasible. If construction activities will interfere with existing bike or pedestrian routes, temporary access shall be provided to all areas of the project area. The plan shall be approved by the City Engineer prior to the start of construction. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director LU/mm-2 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Non-Motorized / Public Transportation Plan in consultation with the City of Arroyo Grande Public Works Department and the County Bicycle Advisory Committee on any improvements that may affect facilities identified in the County Bikeway Plan. The plan shall include, at minimum: Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall Prior to issuance of construction permits City Engineer, City Public Works Director Item 10.a. - Page 155 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 142 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party a. Designs for providing bicycle, pedestrian and car interaction along the project area that would minimize conflicts through the use of striping, signage, lighting, bollards, etc.; b. Examples of the signage, striping, lighting, designs, etc. for safe bicycle, pedestrian, and car interaction; c. Methods for ensuring the project would not interfere in any way with existing or proposed future bike and pedestrian lanes and paths, whether formal or informal, particularly those associated with St. Patrick’s School, the Arroyo Grande Library, and adjacent public buildings and facilities. d. Methods for ensuring bike and pedestrian circulation to serve schools and public facilities are made a priority consistent with policies of the Circulation Element. e. Methods to ensure the project would not adversely impactinterfere, temporarily or long-term, in any way with any routes, schedules, or operations of the RTA (Regional Transit Authority) stops at Walmart and the Arroyo Grande Library. f. Methods to ensure the project would not adversely impact interfere in any way with the Park and Ride parking lots located within the project area, including the lot on El Camino Real in between Halcyon Street and Grand Avenue. g. Compliance with applicable requirements of the Complete Streets Act of 2008. The plan shall be approved by the City Engineer prior to the start of construction. perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. LU/mm-3 The project shall be designed to allow convenient and/or improved access to the Regional Transit Authority stops along West Branch Street at the Arroyo Grande Library and Walmart and the Park and Ride lots along El Camino Real. Construction Project plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director, Contractor Item 10.a. - Page 156 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 143 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party activities shall not interfere with or inhibit access or usability of the public transportation stops or parking lots and shall take into account existing RTA and Park and Ride schedules and routes. the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. LU-mm-4 All proposed areas of disturbance shall be minimized to the greatest extent feasible and shall be clearly marked on project design plans. All adjacent areas of disturbed parcels shall be kept open for parking and customer use to the greatest extent feasible. No adjacent portions of the parcels’ parking area shall be utilized for staging areas or equipment storage. Project plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director, Contractor LU/mm-5 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Parking Plan, in consultation with the City of Arroyo Grande City Engineer, the owners of Brisco’s True Value Hardware (APN# 077-051-019) and any other affected public or private property owners. The Plan shall include: a. Methods for ensuring all public parking associated with Brisco’s Hardware, the Arroyo Grande Library and adjacent county public offices are protected from project impacts and acquisitions and maintained to the maximum extent feasible; b. A restriping and landscape design plan for the Brisco’s Hardware parking area, and any City or County public facility areas that will be affected by the proposed Parking plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections during construction and following construction to ensure compliance Prior to, throughout the duration of, and following construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director Item 10.a. - Page 157 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 144 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party project, which shall be prepared in consultation with any affected private property owners, and be prepared in compliance with the Arroyo Grande General Plan; c. Measures to ensure visitor parking and use of these public facilities and private businesses would not be deterred during construction of the project, to the maximum extent feasible; and d. Requirements that upon completion of project construction, all adjacent disturbed areas shall be restored to original conditions to the extent feasible. The plan shall be approved by the City Engineer prior to the start of construction. with these requirements. LU/mm-6 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a solid wall design and landscape plan for the proposed project area that includes, at minimum, the following provisions: a. Design the walls with an aesthetic and graffiti proof treatment consistent with the surrounding visual character and setting. b. Design the walls to allow for landscape planting on any visible surface, as detailed in subsections e. through i., below. c. Plant vines or shrubs in front of the walls, as more particularly described in subsections e. through i., below. d. Treat or modify the existing walls to be visually consistent with the new walls. e. Include large-scale trees, vines, shrubs, and bushes, as appropriate, along the base of any retaining walls to help disguise the form and scale of the retaining walls. f. Include shrub species on any walls and any wall benches to the greatest extent possible. Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections during construction and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to, throughout the duration of, and following construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director Item 10.a. - Page 158 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 145 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party g. Select plant material for the retaining wall faces and benches which has informal growing habits, and include species which will cascade over the steps/walls and help hide visibility of wall geometry. h. Select plant material for the retaining walls, benches, or fences which, when seen from a distance, is similar in color and shade to the majority of the vegetation on existing slopes. Avoid plants with distinctive flower colors or vegetative characteristics. i. Select plant material horticulturally appropriate for the site, which will result in long-term survival with a minimum amount of maintenance once established. j. Use of drought tolerant species shall be emphasized. k. The project plans shall include a water efficient drip irrigation system if necessary to maximize the establishment and long-term success of the plantings. l. The project plans shall include a “plant establishment” requirement which guarantees the successful establishment of the planting and replacement of plants which fail. m. The project plans shall include a long-term maintenance strategy and resource commitment which ensures the ongoing success and effectiveness of the planting, including replacement of plants which fail. n. All drainage pipes shall be placed underground, including down-drains. Solid wall design and landscaping plans shall be approved by the City Community Development Director prior to the start of construction. Subsequent visual review of the walls by a consultant approved by the City shall be required once final design of the walls has been completed. Item 10.a. - Page 159 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 146 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party Public Services PS/mm-1 All construction activities shall be planned so as to minimize inconvenience to the traveling public, i.e., through minimization of the amount and duration of lane closures, minimization of lane closures during peak traffic hours, and goals to complete project construction without unnecessary delay. Public traffic traveling north on US 101 should be rerouted, via highway signage, to use the Grand Avenue exit should the northbound ramps at Brisco Road be closed temporarily, and vice versa. Project plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director PS/mm-2 Prior to the initiation of construction activities, the City shall prepare a Construction Timing, Access, and Circulation Plan, which shall include the following measures. This plan shall be approved by the City Public Works Director prior to the start of construction and made available for local residents to review and comment on prior to the onset of construction activities. a. Methods for ensuring permanent access to the commercial/retail centers north of the Brisco Road/US 101 interchange is preserved and/or improved to the maximum extent feasible through implementation of the proposed project. b. A signage plan and other methods, if feasible, for increasing the visibility of business blocked by construction activities and educating travelers that businesses adjacent to the project corridor are to remain open during construction; c. Clearly marked detour routes for alternate access to any businesses that are made inaccessible or difficult to access due to construction activities; Plans shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. The City Engineer shall perform periodic site inspections during construction and following construction to ensure compliance with these requirements. Prior to and throughout the duration of construction activities City Engineer, City Public Works Director Item 10.a. - Page 160 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 147 of 152 Mitigation Measure Requirements of Measure Compliance Method Verification Timing Responsible Party d. Hours of haulage (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.); e. Designation of truck routes that avoid sensitive receptors (including residential areas, schools, parks, day care centers, nursing homes, and hospitals) to the greatest extent possible; f. Methods of traffic control on adjacent streets within the project area; g. Adequate safety signage regarding traffic control; h. Designated construction staging areas for construction personnel vehicles, supplies, and equipment; i. A telephone number for local residents to call if there are issues or complaints; and j. Measures to resolve potential conflicts between construction activities and adjacent businesses. Business owners directly adjacent to the project area shall be directly notified of the availability of and allowed to comment on the plan. PS/mm-3 Traffic control plans affecting state facilities shall be reviewed and approved by Caltrans, and traffic control plans affecting City facilities shall be reviewed and approved by the City Public Works Director, through consultation with affected emergency responders and service providers (i.e., the police department, fire department, San Luis Ambulance, and Arroyo Grande Hospital), prior to construction activities. Plans affecting City facilities shall be reviewed for consistency with these requirements by the City Public Works Director prior to construction. Caltrans-approved plans affecting state facilities shall be provided to the City prior to construction. Prior to construction activities City Public Works Director Item 10.a. - Page 161 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 148 of 152 7. References American Farmland Trust. 2002. Mitigation of Farmland Loss. American Farmland Trust, prepared for United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service. Arroyo Grande, California Income, Earnings, and Wages Data. 2011. Available at: www.city- data.com/income/income-Arroyo-Grande-California.html. Accessed on October 11, 2011. California Department of Conservation. 2008. 2008 Field Report – San Luis Obispo County. California Department of Conservation, Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program. ————. 2008. Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program, San Luis Obispo County Important Farmland 2008. California Department of Conservation, Division of Land Resource Protection. ————. 2009. San Luis Obispo County, 2006-2008 Land Use Conversion. California Department of Conservation, Division of Land Resource Protection. California Department of Finance. 2011. Table E-1 City/County Population Estimates with Annual Percentage Change. Available at: http://www.dof.ca.gov/research/demographic/reports/view.php. Accessed on August 4, 2011. California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). 1997. Community Impact Assessment – Caltrans Environmental Handbook Volume 4. Department of Transportation, Cultural Studies Office. ————. 2006. Guidance for Preparers of Growth-Related, Indirect Impact Analyses. Department of Transportation. California Employment Development Department. 2011. California Labor Market Information, Employment by Industry. Available at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/cgi/databrowsing/localareaprofileqsresults.asp?selecte darea=San+Luis%20+Obispo+County&selectedindex=1&menuchoice=localareapro&state=true& geogarea=0604000079&countyname=. Accessed on September 1, 2011. ————. 2011. San Luis Obispo County Profile. Available at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/cgi/databrowsing/localAreaProfileQSResults.asp?select edarea=San+Luis+Obispo+County&selectedindex=40&menuChoice=localAreaPro&state=true&g eogArea=0604000079&countyName. Accessed on August 4, 2011. City of Arroyo Grande. 2001. General Plan Update – Agriculture, Conservation and Open Space Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. ————. 2001. General Plan Update – Circulation Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. ————. 2001. General Plan Update – Economic Development Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. ————. 2001. General Plan Update – Land Use Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. ————. 2001. General Plan Update – Parks and Recreation Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. ————. 2001. General Plan Update – Safety Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. Item 10.a. - Page 162 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 149 of 152 ————. 2003. General Plan Update – Housing Element. City of Arroyo Grande, California. ————. 2009. Arroyo Grande Redevelopment Project – Five Year Implementation Plan (2009-10 through 2013-14). City of Arroyo Grande Redevelopment Agency. ————. 2009. Land Use Map. City of Arroyo Grande, Community Development Department. ————. 2010. Development Code. Available at: http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=16194&stateId=5&stateName=California. Accessed on August 11, 2011. ————. 2010. Zoning Map. City of Arroyo Grande, Community Development Department. ————. 2011. City Parks. Available at: http://www.arroyogrande.org/city-hall/city- departments/recreation-and-maintenance-services/parks/city-parks/. Accessed on August 15, 2011. County of San Luis Obispo Department of Agriculture and Weights and Measures. 2010. Reflections - 2010 Annual Report. San Luis Obispo County Department of Agriculture and Weights and Measures. County of San Luis Obispo Department of Planning and Building. 2014. San Luis Obispo County General Plan – Housing Element 2014-2019. San Luis Obispo County Department of Planning and Building. June 17, 2014. ————. 2003. San Luis Bay Area Plan – Inland. County of San Luis Obispo Department of Planning and Building. ————. 2006. San Luis Obispo County General Plan – Economic Element. County of San Luis Obispo Department of Planning and Building and Economic Advisory Committee. ————. 2009. San Luis Obispo County General Plan – Housing Element 2009-2014. County of San Luis Obispo Department of Planning and Building. County of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works. 2005. County Bikeways Plan – 2005 Update. Bicycle Advisory Committee, Department of Public Works. Economic Vitality Corporation of San Luis Obispo County. 2011. Economic Impact Studies. Available at: http://www.sloevc.org. Accessed on August 23, 2011. Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. 2016. Supplemental Archaeological Survey Report for the Highway 101 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project, Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2012. Archaeological Survey Report for the Highway 101 Brisco/Halcyon/Grande I/C Modifications Project, Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. Haro Environmental. 2017. Hazardous Waste Initial Site Assessment – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for Wood Rodgers. Item 10.a. - Page 163 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 150 of 152 JRP Historical Consulting, LLC. 2016. Supplemental Historic Property Survey Report. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2012. Historic Property Survey Report. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. San Luis Obispo County Council of Governments (SLOCOG). 2010. SLOCOG 2010 Regional Transportation Plan and Preliminary Sustainable Communities Strategy. San Luis Obispo Council of Governments. ————. 2015. 2014 Regional Transportation Plan / Sustainable Communities Strategy: Connecting Communities. San Luis Obispo Council of Governments. April 2015. San Luis Obispo Regional Rideshare. 2010. San Luis Obispo County Bike Map – South County. Available at: www.rideshare.org. Accessed on August 23, 2011. SWCA, Inc. 2017. Community Impact Assessment – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2017. Jurisdictional Assessment for the US 101/Brisco-Halcyon & Grand Avenue Interchange Modifications, San Luis Obispo, California. Prepared for Wood Rodgers, Inc. ————. 20172020. Natural Environment Study – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2014. Paleontological Evaluation Report – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2017. Paleontological Evaluation Report Addendum – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2014. Visual Impact Assessment – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2017. Visual Impact Assessment Addendum – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. ————. 2017. Water Quality Assessment Report – Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project, City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. Terry A. Hayes Associates, Inc. 2017. Air Quality Study, US 10/Brisco-Halcyon & Grand Avenue Interchange Modifications. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. Item 10.a. - Page 164 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 151 of 152 Terry A. Hayes Associates, Inc. 2017. Noise Study Report, US 101/Brisco-Halcyon & Grand Avenue Interchange Modifications. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation. United States Census Bureau. 2011. 2010 Census Summary File 1, Arroyo Grande, California. Available at: http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults.xhtml. Accessed on July 12, 2011. United States Department of Transportation. 1996. Community Impact Assessment – A Quick Reference for Transportation. United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. University of California Santa Barbara Economic Forecast Project. 2009. San Luis Obispo County Economic Outlook 2009. Santa Barbara Economic Forecast Project. ————. 2010. San Luis Obispo County Economic Outlook 2010. Santa Barbara Economic Forecast Project. ————. 2011. San Luis Obispo County Economic Outlook 2011. Santa Barbara Economic Forecast Project. Wood Rodgers. 2019. Technical Memorandum: Independent Utility of Relocating the US 101 Southbound On-Ramp at Grand Avenue; US 101/Brisco Road-Halcyon Road and US 101/Grand Avenue Interchange Improvements Project, Arroyo Grande, CA. April 8, 2019. ————. 2012. Technical Memorandum: PA&ED Phase Traffic Forecasting and Operations Analysis. September 7, 2012. Prepared by Narayanan, Ravi, P.E., T.E., and Nessar, Nawid, P.E., T.E. ————. 2014. Branch St/Rodeo Dr/US 101 NB Ramps Intersection – Roundabout Traffic Operations Analysis. Prepared for: City of Arroyo Grande. May 7, 2014. ————. 2016. Caltrans Draft Appendix E Long Form – Storm Water Data Report. March 2016. Item 10.a. - Page 165 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION September January 2020February 20198 Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project Page 152 of 152 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 166 APPENDIX A Farmland Conversion Impact Rating Form NRCS-CPA-106 and Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA) Worksheets Item 10.a. - Page 167 This page intentionally left blank. Item 10.a. - Page 168 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Natural Resources Conservation Service PART I (To be completed by Federal Agency) 1. Name of Project 2. Type of Project PART II (To be completed by NRCS) 3. Date of Land Evaluation Request 5. Federal Agency Involved 6. County and State 1. Date Request Received by NRCS YES NO 4.Sheet 1 of NRCS-CPA-106 (Rev. 1-91) 2. Person Completing Form 4. Acres Irrigated Average Farm Size 7. Amount of Farmland As Defined in FPPA Acres:% FARMLAND CONVERSION IMPACT RATING FOR CORRIDOR TYPE PROJECTS 6. Farmable Land in Government Jurisdiction Acres:% 3. Does the corridor contain prime, unique statewide or local important farmland? (If no, the FPPA does not apply - Do not complete additional parts of this form). 5. Major Crop(s) 8. Name Of Land Evaluation System Used 9. Name of Local Site Assessment System 10. Date Land Evaluation Returned by NRCS Alternative Corridor For Segment Corridor A Corridor B Corridor C Corridor DPART III (To be completed by Federal Agency) A. Total Acres To Be Converted Directly B. Total Acres To Be Converted Indirectly, Or To Receive Services C. Total Acres In Corridor PART IV (To be completed by NRCS) Land Evaluation Information A. Total Acres Prime And Unique Farmland B. Total Acres Statewide And Local Important Farmland C. Percentage Of Farmland in County Or Local Govt. Unit To Be Converted D. Percentage Of Farmland in Govt. Jurisdiction With Same Or Higher Relative Value PART V (To be completed by NRCS) Land Evaluation Information Criterion Relative value of Farmland to Be Serviced or Converted (Scale of 0 - 100 Points) PART VI (To be completed by Federal Agency) Corridor Assessment Criteria (These criteria are explained in 7 CFR 658.5(c)) 1. Area in Nonurban Use 2. Perimeter in Nonurban Use 3. Percent Of Corridor Being Farmed 4. Protection Provided By State And Local Government 5. Size of Present Farm Unit Compared To Average 6. Creation Of Nonfarmable Farmland Maximum Points 15 10 20 20 10 25 57. Availablility Of Farm Support Services 8. On-Farm Investments 9. Effects Of Conversion On Farm Support Services 10. Compatibility With Existing Agricultural Use 20 25 10 160TOTAL CORRIDOR ASSESSMENT POINTS PART VII (To be completed by Federal Agency) Relative Value Of Farmland (From Part V)100 Total Corridor Assessment (From Part VI above or a local site assessment)160 TOTAL POINTS (Total of above 2 lines)260 1. Corridor Selected:2. Total Acres of Farmlands to be Converted by Project: 5. Reason For Selection: Signature of Person Completing this Part: 3. Date Of Selection:4. Was A Local Site Assessment Used? YES NO DATE NOTE: Complete a form for each segment with more than one Alternate Corridor Brisco-Halcyon Rd Interchange Modifications Highway and local roadway imrovements 1/10/12 4 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) San Luis Obispo County, California 1/10/12 Margy Lindquist ✔98,898 492 acres wine grapes, broccoli, strawberries 299,572 14 270,407 13 CA Storie Index None 1/11/12 0.9 0.9 0 0 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 0 0 0.00018 0.00018 Data not available 42 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 55 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 42 42 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 52 52 0 0 0.9 ✔ Although there are project alternatives, proposed modifications are the same in this agricultural area. Therefore, the alternatives would result in the same impacts to adjacent farmlands. There is no discernable environmentally preferred alternative based on impacts to farmlands alone. The project score (52) does not exceed 160 points; therefore, the consideration of alternative project locations is not necessary. Emily Creel, Environmental Planner, SWCA 1/4/16 Item 10.a. - Page 169 NRCS-CPA-106 (Reverse) CORRIDOR - TYPE SITE ASSESSMENT CRITERIA The following criteria are to be used for projects that have a linear or corridor - type site configuration connecting two distant points, and crossing several different tracts of land. These include utility lines, highways, railroads, stream improvements, and flood control systems. Federal agencies are to assess the suitability of each corridor - type site or design alternative for protection as farmland along with the land evaluation information. (1) How much land is in nonurban use within a radius of 1.0 mile from where the project is intended? More than 90 percent - 15 points 90 to 20 percent - 14 to 1 point(s) Less than 20 percent - 0 points (2) How much of the perimeter of the site borders on land in nonurban use? More than 90 percent - 10 points 90 to 20 percent - 9 to 1 point(s) Less than 20 percent - 0 points (3) How much of the site has been farmed (managed for a scheduled harvest or timber activity) more than five of the last 10 years? More than 90 percent - 20 points 90 to 20 percent - 19 to 1 point(s) Less than 20 percent - 0 points (4) Is the site subject to state or unit of local government policies or programs to protect farmland or covered by private programs to protect farmland? Site is protected - 20 points Site is not protected - 0 points (5) Is the farm unit(s) containing the site (before the project) as large as the average - size farming unit in the County ? (Average farm sizes in each county are available from the NRCS field offices in each state. Data are from the latest available Census of Agriculture, Acreage or Farm Units in Operation with $1,000 or more in sales.) As large or larger - 10 points Below average - deduct 1 point for each 5 percent below the average, down to 0 points if 50 percent or more below average - 9 to 0 points (6) If the site is chosen for the project, how much of the remaining land on the farm will become non-farmable because of interference with land patterns? Acreage equal to more than 25 percent of acres directly converted by the project - 25 points Acreage equal to between 25 and 5 percent of the acres directly converted by the project - 1 to 24 point(s) Acreage equal to less than 5 percent of the acres directly converted by the project - 0 points (7) Does the site have available adequate supply of farm support services and markets, i.e., farm suppliers, equipment dealers, processing and storage facilities and farmer's markets? All required services are available - 5 points Some required services are available - 4 to 1 point(s) No required services are available - 0 points (8) Does the site have substantial and well-maintained on-farm investments such as barns, other storage building, fruit trees and vines, field terraces, drainage, irrigation, waterways, or other soil and water conservation measures? High amount of on-farm investment - 20 points Moderate amount of on-farm investment - 19 to 1 point(s) No on-farm investment - 0 points (9) Would the project at this site, by converting farmland to nonagricultural use, reduce the demand for farm support services so as to jeopardize the continued existence of these support services and thus, the viability of the farms remaining in the area? Substantial reduction in demand for support services if the site is converted - 25 points Some reduction in demand for support services if the site is converted - 1 to 24 point(s) No significant reduction in demand for support services if the site is converted - 0 points (10) Is the kind and intensity of the proposed use of the site sufficiently incompatible with agriculture that it is likely to contribute to the eventual conversion of surrounding farmland to nonagricultural use? Proposed project is incompatible to existing agricultural use of surrounding farmland - 10 points Proposed project is tolerable to existing agricultural use of surrounding farmland - 9 to 1 point(s) Proposed project is fully compatible with existing agricultural use of surrounding farmland - 0 points Less than 20 percent - 0 points Acreage equal to less than 5 percent of the acres directly converted by the project - 0 points All required services are available - 5 points Moderate amount of on-farm investment - 19 to 1 point(s) Less than 20 percent - 0 points Less than 20 percent - 0 points Site is not protected - 0 points 0 points if 50 percent or more below average No significant reduction in demand for support services if the site is converted - 0 points Proposed project is fully compatible with existing agricultural use of surrounding farmland - 0 points Item 10.a. - Page 170 Land Evaluation Worksheet Site Assessment Worksheet 1 Land Capability Classification (LCC) and Storie Index Scores Project Size Score A B C D E F G H I J K Soil Map Unit Project Acres Proportion of Project Area LCC LCC Rating LCC Score Storie Index Storie Index Score LCC Class I - II LCC Class III LCC Class IV - VIII 115 3.77 0.04 VIe 20 0.8 24 0.96 3.77 116 2.86 0.03 VIe 20 0.6 22 0.66 2.86 117 17.42 0.20 VIe 20 4 24 4.8 17.45 126 2.82 0.03 IIIs 60 1.8 50 1.5 2.82 175 1.56 0.02 IIs 80 1.6 81 1.62 1.56 184 0.63 0.007 VIe 20 0.14 49 0.343 0.63 189 1.32 0.01 VIIe 10 0.1 23 0.23 1.32 194 0.41 0.005 VIIIw 0 0 <5 0.025 0.41 210 1.85 0.02 IIIe 70 1.4 64 1.28 1.85 216 38.88 0.44 IIIe 70 30.8 29 12.76 38.88 221 17.58 0.20 n/a 0 0 n/a 0 17.58 Totals 89.15 (Must Sum to 1.0) LCC Total Score 41.24 Storie Index Total Score 24.18 Total Acres 1.56 43.55 44.02 Project Size Scores 0 60 20 Highest Project Score Size 60 Item 10.a. - Page 171 Site Assessment Worksheet 2. – Water Resources Availability A B C D E Project Proportion Water Source Proportion of Project Area Water Availability Score Weighted Availability Score (C x D) 1 Irrigated 0.0231 100 2.31 2 Not irrigated 0.9769 0 0 3 4 5 6 (Must Sum to 1.0) Total Water Resource Score 2.31 Item 10.a. - Page 172 Site Assessment Worksheet 3. Surrounding Agricultural Land and Surrounding Protected Resource Land A B C D E F G Zone of Influence Surrounding Agricultural Land Score (From Table) Surrounding Protected Resource Land Score (From Table) Total Acres Acres in Agriculture Acres of Protected Resource Land Percent in Agriculture (A/B) Percent Protected Resource Land (A/C) 1,449.90 86.36 0 5.96% 0% 0 0 Item 10.a. - Page 173 LESA Worksheet (cont.) Final LESA Score Sheet Calculation of the Final LESA Score: NOTES (1) Multiply each factor score by the factor weight to determine the weighted score and enter Factor Scores column. (2) Sum the weighted factor scores for the LE factors to determine the total LE score for the project. (3) Sum the weighted factor scores for the SA factors to determine the total SA score for the project. (4) Sum the total LE and SA scores to determine the Final LESA Score for the project. Factor Scores Factor Weight Weighted Factor Scores LE Factors Land Capability Classification <1> 41.24 0.25 10.31 Storie Index <2> 24.18 0.25 6.045 LE Subtotal 0.50 16.355 SA Factors Project Size <3> 60 0.15 9 Water Resource Availability <4> 2.31 0.15 0.3465 Surrounding Agricultural Land <5> 0 0.15 0 Protected Resource Land <6> 0 0.05 0 SA Subtotal 0.50 9.3465 Final LESA Score 25.7015 For further information on the scoring thresholds under the California Agricultural LESA Model, consult Section 4 of the Instruction Manual. Item 10.a. - Page 174 ATTACHMENT 3 BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT BACKGROUND SUMMARY In 2001, a Project Study Report-Project Development Support (PSR-PDS) was completed to develop alternatives to improve operation of the Brisco -Halcyon Road Road Interchange Modifications Project. The project moved from the PSR - PDS phase to the Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED). During PA&ED development, additional alternatives were identified and analyzed. January 2005, City Council approved a contract with Wood Rogers to complete the project report and environmental documents for the Brisco -Halycon Road Interchange Modifications Project. April 25, 2006 City Council approved Cooperative Agreement with the Caltrans for development of the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project through PA&ED. June 3, 2008 City Council approved Cooperative Agreement Amendment No. 1 with the Caltrans to extend the agreement for development of the Brisco -Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project through PA&ED Alternatives were presented to the City Council at the August 12, 2008 meeting. The City Council selected an alternative and directed staff and the City Council Subcommittee to pursue approval and funding through the San Luis Obispo Council of Governments (SLOCOG) and Caltrans. In May of 2009, the City Council approved Contract Amendment No. 4 with Wood Rodgers, Inc. for preparation of the design exception fact sheets for the Brisco -Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project PA&ED in the amount of $17,500. Additionally, the Council authorized the Mayor to send a letter to Caltrans regarding opposition to requests for further analysis and urging support for the City's preferred alternative. In August 2009, Caltrans and the City were at an impasse, each agency preferred different project design alternatives and believed other design alternatives were not viable. Planning Company Associates, that was later renamed Point C, LLC, was contracted to assist in determining a design solution to t he Brisco impasse and develop strategies to achieve project approval. On May 11, 2010, the Council approved Contract Amendment No. 5 with Wood Rodgers to include alternative 3B that placed ramps at Old Ranch Road and continue an update of environmental st udies and the PA&ED project. However, it was subsequently determined that this alternative had a fatal flaw due to the grade separation between U.S. 101 and Old Ranch Road. Item 10.a. - Page 175 ATTACHMENT 1  On October 26, 2010, the Council approved Alternative 4 to be included in the PA&ED. Alternative 4 involves moving the Brisco northbound on -ramp and off ramp to Rodeo Drive. Additionally, the Council approved the preparation of supporting information and design exception fact sheets to provide the public an opportunity to comment at the Traffic Commission and neighborhood meetings.  The Traffic Commission considered the project alternatives on January 10, 2011 and a well-attended neighborhood meeting was held on February 24, 2011. Project accomplishments include completion of the Purpose and Need document, established performance criteria and the traffic analysis with concurrence from Caltrans District 5 Traffic Operations.  In April 2011, the Council approved Amendment No. 6 with Wood Rodgers to update environmental studies and continue preparation of the PA&ED documents. Caltrans reviews required more revisions and effort than was anticipated for Amendment No. 6.  November 22, 2011 City Council approved Cooperative Agreement Amendment No. 2 with the Caltrans to extend the agreement for development of the Brisco- Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project through PA&ED.  Draft funding recommendations for the project were approved at the February, 2012 San Luis Obispo Council of Governments Board of Directors meeting.  In March 2012, the California Transportation Commission programmed $5.6 million in construction funding for the project. City Council Approved an Amendment No. 3 to the Cooperative Agreement to extend the agreement for development of the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project through PA&ED; Plan, Specifications and Estimates (PS&E) and Right of Way (R/W) phases  In May 2012, the Council approved Amendment No. 7 with Wood Rodgers for an additional not to exceed amount of $103,820 in order to complete all techni cal studies and prepare final design exception fact sheets.  In April 2013, the City Council Brisco Interchange Subcommittee, staff and consultants met with Caltrans staff and learned that additional design and amended technical studies were necessary for approval of design exception fact sheets.  In December 2013, Caltrans, Consultants and staff met in Sacramento to review comparison interchanges, and geometries for Alternative 4 and what would be needed for approval of design exceptions. The result of the meeting was the identification of Alternative 4C. However, additional information to reduce design Item 10.a. - Page 176 ATTACHMENT 1 speed on West Branch, as well as to develop an alternative intersection treatment was determined necessary to finalize feasibility.  In March 2014, the City Council approved a revised intersection treatment for Alternative 4C to include a roundabout (RAB) and consultant contracts to complete necessary studies.  During 2014, consultants prepared conceptual geometries and design standards compliance documents for Alternative 4 with a signalized intersection and with a roundabout. This included an independent peer review by Kittelson and Associates for the preliminary RAB design as requested by Caltrans District 5. Additionally, a revised Advance Planning Study for the structure to carry the planned on -ramp over Brisco Road in Alternative 4 was revised and the Preliminary Drainage Report was updated and the Stormwater Data Report prepared. Finally, several technical studies were revised including the Natural Environment Study, the Jurisdictional Waters Assessment, the Conceptual Habitat Mitigation and Monitoring Plan, the Archaeological Survey Report, the Historic Property Survey Report and Historical Resources Evaluation Report, the Noise Study, Visual Impact Ass essment, Air Quality Study Report, Water Quality Assessment Report, Paleontological Evaluation Report. The Community Impact Assessment is in progress. The Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration has also been drafted. All of this work was required to complete the draft Project Report and Environmental Study.  In August 2014, an additional $1,000,000 was recommended by SLOCOG to the California Transportation Commission (CTC} for the construction phase of the project to increase the total grant funding to $6.6 million.  In September 2014, City staff met with the San Luis Obispo Council of Governments (SLOCOG) to go over the project schedule and verify that grant funding status was unchanged.  In November 2014, Design Exception Fact Sheets were submit ted to Caltrans.  In January 2015, the Brisco Subcommittee met with Caltrans and SLOCOG officials. During the meeting Caltrans staff outlined remaining concerns with Alternative 4C. A Project Development Team (PDT) meeting was determined necessary to determine final alternatives that will go out for public review.  At City Council's meeting on March 10, 2015 Council authorized the continued inclusion of Alternate 1 and Alternative 4C RAB and removed from consideration the Alternative 4C Traffic Signal from Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modification Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED) report.  On April 2, 2015 a series of project meetings were held that included a design review meeting with Caltrans, Brisco Subcommittee Meeting, an d a Brisco Item 10.a. - Page 177 ATTACHMENT 3 Stakeholders Meeting to provide updated information concerning the project and obtain input. At the April 2, 2015 Design Review Meeting with Caltrans the meeting focused on Alternative 4C RAB in order to look at alternatives to improve sight distance for the northbound off-ramp. Based on Caltrans' input the design was revised. The main feature of the revised design is that it lowered the RAB approximately five feet in order to provide northbound off -ramp users vision of the entire RAB. This revised design was submitted to Caltrans on April 19, 2015. Caltrans reviewed this revised design and provided comments back to the City on May 20, 2015. In order to mitigate concerns regarding stopping sight distance on Alternative 4C RAB, the Caltrans design team and staff conducted a series of meetings to develop additional design detail. The revised design greatly enhanced sight stopping distance and final exhibits were transmitted to Caltrans on June 17, 2015. On June 23, 2015 the City Council directed staff to pursue a test closure of the US 101 northbound on and off ramps at Brisco Road for the purposes of better defining benefits and impacts to traffic flow. On September 8, 2015 City Council Approved Test Closure Plan with test closure beginning on September 21 and ending on November 30, 2015. On September 29, 2015 the beginning of Test Closure is delayed due to rain until September 29, 2015. US 101 northbound on and off - ramps at Brisco Road closed on this date. On October 27 2015 City Council unanimously votes to extend Test Closure termination date from December 7, 2015 to January 11, 2016. On December 4, 2015 Brisco Subcommittee meets to discuss Test Closure termination date. Subcommittee decides to schedule a Brisco Project update on the January 12, 2016 City Council agenda, including discussion of a future potential closure through project construction. On October 16, 2017 draft PA&ED documents are submitted to Caltrans for review. On December 7, 2017 Comments regarding the draft PA&ED are received from Caltrans. A PDT meeting was held on January 19, 2018 to discuss draft PA&ED comments and develop a path forward for approval of the draft documents. On January 16, 2018 a PDT meeting was held to discuss Caltrans comments and to final draft documents for Caltrans approval. On March 21, 2018, the California Transportation Commission allocated funding allowing for several infrastructure projects on the California Central Coast to Item 10.a. - Page 178 ATTACHMENT 1 continue moving forward, including $6,624,000 for the US 101/Br isco Road Interchange Project.  On April 2 2018 Caltrans approves draft project report and draft environmental documents. These documents are now available for public review and comment starting April 12, 2018.  On April 26, 2018 a public workshop was held regarding the public review of the environmental documents. City Staff, consultants and Caltrans were in attendance to work with the public, address concerns and answer questions.  On April 27, 2018 a subcommittee meeting involving City Staff was hel d to update subcommittee on project status and public workshop.  A PDT meeting held on August 18, 2018 to review public comments from the public workshop and to discuss steps forward.  On January 30, 2019 a Brisco subcommittee meeting was held with City Staff, Consultants, and Caltrans to familiarize new subcommittee members on the project, project status and steps forward.  On February 13, 2019 City staff held a public information meeting to inform the public on project history status and steps forward.  On March 26, 2019 Council recommended Alternative 4C as the preferred alternative to the Project Design Team (PDT).  On April 12, 2019 a meeting of the PDT team was held at the Caltrans District 5 office. At this meeting the PDT supported the recommendation of the City Council for Alternative 4C and the team began revising the environmental documents, design decision documents and final project report.  On September 27, 2019 the financing plan was submitted to SLOCOG for the roundabout only.  In September 2019 City staff mailed out sound wall ballots to the effected properties. These ballots were due September 30, 2019. The ballots received although a majority were for the sound walls, was inconclusive since 2/3rds of the property owners did not respond. The amount of non-responsive ballots was such that if they would come in against the construction of the sound walls the majority would have been for no sound walls. The City elected to continue with the sound walls deferred to a future project and relook at them at that time.  On January 31, 2020 Caltrans received the updated documents for the preferred Alternate 4C. These documents included the Project Report, the Storm Water Item 10.a. - Page 179 ATTACHMENT 1 Data Report, the Environmental Assessment, the Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration and the Design Decision Documents.  On July 13, 2020 Caltrans signed the Storm Water Data Report.  On October 8, 2020 the Design Period Exception Memo signed by Caltrans.  On September 2020, both environmental documents were approved by Caltrans ,  On December 2, 2020 the Design Decision Documents were signed by Caltrans.  On December 21, 2020 the updated Final Project Report was submitted to Caltrans for review. Item 10.a. - Page 180 MEMORANDUM TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: TERESA MCCLISH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR BY: ROBIN DICKERSON, CITY ENGINEER SUBJECT: CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT DATE: MARCH 26, 2019 SUMMARY OF ACTION: Recommendation of a preferred alternative for the Brisco-Halcyon Road interchange modifications project will allow staff to complete the Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED) phase and move into the design phase for the Brisco -Halcyon Road Interchange project. IMPACT ON FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL RESOURCES: The improvements are to be funded with a combination of local funds and State Transportation Improvement Program funding. RECOMMENDATION: It is recommended the City Council: 1.Receive a project status update for the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange modifications project. 2.Adopt a Resolution selecting one of the alternatives for the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange as the preferred alternative with or without phasing. Recommended options are as follows: 1)Alternative 1 Brisco Ramp Closure with modifications to other ramps. 2)Alternative 4C Relocation of off ramp with a roundabout. 3)Alternative 1 with phasing deferral and/or removal of sound walls and East Grand Avenue southbound off ramp. 4)Alternative 4C with phasing deferral and/or removal of sound walls and East Grand Avenue southbound off ramp. Alternative 1 12,300,000$ Alternative 4C 22,700,000$ Alternative 1 with phasing 9,200,000$ Alternative 4C with phasing 19,600,000$ Total Estimated Cost Item 10.a. - Page 181 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 2 BACKGROUND: The Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications project has been underway since the late 1990’s (see Attachment 1). Currently, the project is in the Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED) phase with three project alternatives under review: Alternative 1, Alternative 4C Roundabout (RAB), and no -build. Both Alternative 1 and 4C have the option to phase some improvements thereby reducing cost to the project. During the finalization of the PA&ED documents with the selected recommended phased alternative, staff is recommending eliminating the sound walls and incorporating the improvements for the Highway 101 southbound off ramp at East Grand Avenue into a future local and/or regional project. Both build alternatives would remove the existing northbound US 101 ramps at Brisco Road to eliminate the very tight (less than 40 feet) spacing between the northbound ramp intersection and the adjacent Brisco Road/West Branch Street intersection. Today’s standards require a minimum of 150 feet. Alternative 1 would improve the northbound ramps at the adjacent East Grand Avenue interchange and Camino Mercado interchange. Alternative 4C would relocate the northbound ramps to Rodeo Drive and West Branch Street, which would require realignment of West Branch Street. Both alternatives would realign the southbound on-ramp from East Grand Avenue to improve the operation of the signalized ramp intersection on East Grand Avenue. Additional State right-of-way will be required for the realignment of the southbound on -ramp from East Grand Avenue for either alternative. For Alternative 1, right-of-way would also be required for the westbound East Grand Avenue widening as it approaches the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing in the vicinity of the Shell Station. For Alternative 4C, additional State right-of-way would be required for the new northbound ramps and ramp intersection with West Branch Street at Rodeo Drive in the vicinity of the South County Regional Center. ANALYSIS OF ISSUES: The Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project is at a significant step in the project development. In order to complete the PA&ED phase, a project alternative must be selected and the Project Report and associated environmental documents updated and finalized to support the preferred alternative. The City Council is tasked with recommending a preferred alternative to the Project Development Team (PDT). The City of Arroyo Grande, Caltrans, and associated consultants encompass the Project Development Team (PDT), which is committed to the success the Brisco Road Interchange Project. The roles and responsibilities of the PDT are indicated in the project’s Cooperative Agreement. The PDT is seeking the City Council’s recommendation on a preferred alternative (1 or 4C), and whether or not to pursue a phased approach to the preferred build alternative. The PDT will receive the Council’s recommendation and pursue incorporating this recommendation into the selected build alternative for the Caltrans District Director’s approval. The effort involved with incorporating this recommendation into the selected build alternative includes finalizing and approving the Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) required for compliance with the California Item 10.a. - Page 182 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 3 Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and finalizing and approving the Environmental Assessment (EA) required for compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), developing and approving the Design Decision Documents (formally known as Design Exceptions), and finalizing and approving the Project Report. When considering the recommendation for the preferred alternative, the purpose and need of the project should be reviewed. The purpose and need o f Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications Project was developed as part of the Cooperative Agreement and signed by the City and Caltrans in 2006 and amended in 2008 and 2011, and is also included in the Draft Project Report as follows: The purpose of the project is to provide congestion relief, alleviate queuing, and improve the traffic operations of the regional and local street system in the vicinity of US 101. The purpose is also to continue to accommodate access to existing and planned local development. To achieve this stated purpose to an adequate degree this project should:  Provide direct access from US 101 to and from the commercial, governmental, and recreational facilities along West Branch Street.  Reduce congestion and queuing at the Brisco Road undercrossing intersections and along East Grand Avenue. The project is needed to correct existing operational deficiencies in the project area. Increasing traffic demand due to increasing development in and around the City, lack of alternative routes, limited freeway crossing opportunities, and non-standard existing roadway geometrics combine to cause escalating congestion and safety concerns within the project area. The level of service at the ramp intersections of the Brisco Road and Halcyon Road interchanges had been forecasted to deteriorate to unacceptable levels by year 2035. The purpose of the project is to maximize the efficiency of the existing State and local roadway systems to better serve the needs of commuter traffic within the City. Existing interchange and ramp spacing on US 101 do not meet current standards. Ramp closures and associated improvements to adjacent interchanges have been evaluated as a means of improving traffic operations. Therefore, the purpose of the project is also to correct ramp and mainline operations on US 101 at the US 101/Brisco-Halcyon Road interchange to improve traffic flow and enhance safety for the local and interregional movement of people and goods. After years of coordination, the PDT has determined that there are two viable alternatives as well as the no build alternative and a Draft Project Report has been prepared (Attachment 2). Both build alternatives meet the purpose and need, but accomplish this goal in different ways, with different associated costs and with different external benefits, impacts, and future opportunities. Each alternative is discussed below in detail. Both build alternatives have the same phasing options. Item 10.a. - Page 183 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 4 Project Description - Common Components Alternative 1 and 4C This report identifies improvements to the Brisco Road -Halcyon Road Interchange on U.S. Route 101 (US 101) in the City of Arroyo Grande (City), in San Luis Obispo County, CA and improvements to the Grand Avenue Interchange immediately to the south. These improvements are expected to address existing congestion on Brisco Road at the Brisco Road Undercrossing and the predicted growth occurring in accordance with the City’s General Plan. The current interchange is inadequate to accommodate the anticipated 2035 traffic demand. Alternative 1 and 4C have several common components as listed below:  Relocation of the US 101 southbound on-ramp at East Grand Avenue to opposite the existing US 101 southbound off -ramp approach, and associated traffic signal phasing modifications. This will also include installation of a double 54 -inch concrete pipe culvert to carry storm water under the realigned ramp.  Closure and removal of US 101 northbound on- and off-ramps at Brisco Road and removal of the associated traffic signal equipment.  At the Brisco Road/El Camino Real intersection, restriping to provide for one exclusive left turn lane and one shared through -right lane for the southbound Brisco Road undercrossing approach to El Camino Real. With this improvement, the existing Brisco Road three-lane undercrossing will be re-striped to accommodate two southbound lanes and one northbound lane. At the Brisco Road/West Branch Street intersection, one left-turn lane and one shared left-right turn pocket (at least 100 feet long) will be constructed for the northbound approach. Preliminary operational analysis indicates that the existing three -lane undercrossing, with the above-noted restriping modifications, will provide acceptable operating conditions at the intersections with El Camino Real and West Branch Street.  Permanent storm water treatment Best Management Practices (BMPs) would be constructed within the City owned portion of this alternative.  Slopes along Northbound ramp at Brisco Road will be removed and will be re - graded to blend with adjacent slopes and revegetate with plantings similar to what is present along the freeway fringes and interchange areas.  The areas to both sides of the realigned southbound on -ramp from East Grand Avenue will be regraded to blend with the adjacent slopes. Revegetation will include plantings similar to what is existing along the freeway fringes and in the interchange areas.  Any slopes or other areas along the highway (non-jurisdictional) that are impacted by construction will be revegetate with similar species that currently exist.  Construction of sound walls on the southbound side of US 101 between the Oak Park Boulevard Interchange and Stonecrest Drive and between the Halcyon on - ramp and the East Grand Avenue off -ramp. The sound walls would be constructed Item 10.a. - Page 184 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 5 at the existing Caltrans right of way boundary and would not preclude the ultimate six-lane configuration of US 101.  Includes the widening of traffic lanes and shoulders to standard width on East Grand Avenue at the southbound freeway ramps intersection, but does not include widening the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing. The shoulders on the southbound US 101 on-ramps from East Grand Avenue to be widened by Alternative 4C will be widened to standard width. The pavement of Brisco Road under the Brisco Road Undercrossing will be reconstructed on a lower profile if necessary to provide standard 15’-0” minimum vertical clearance. This project is not planned to modify or rehabilitate the mainline lanes of US 101. Alternative 1 Alternative 1 proposes the removal of the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road northbound on and off ramps and improvements to the adjacent East Grand Avenue/US 101 interchange located to the south and Camino Mercado/US 101 intersection to the north, as shown in Section 5B and Attachment B of the Draft Project Report. Alternative 1 would be constructed over a period of 160 to 200 working days. Alternative 1 includes the following design elements:  Construction of an additional left-turn lane on the northbound off -ramp at the East Grand Avenue/US 101 northbound ramps intersection and provision of an exclusive right-turn lane on the westbound approach.  Widening East Grand Avenue, including the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing, through both ramp intersections to provide standard lane, shoulder and sidewalk widths. See Attachment D for the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing Advance Planning Study.  Improvements to the northbound US 101 on-ramp/Camino Mercado/West Branch Street intersection. These improvements include widening and restriping the northbound West Branch Street approach to provide a second northbound left -turn lane to the US 101 northbound on-ramp and modifying the northbound on-ramp to provide dual receiving lanes that merge to a single lane with a 950+ foot auxiliary lane on northbound US 101. Provisions for future ramp metering would be provided on the US 101 northbound on-ramp.  Alternative 1 does not propose to construct any new Park and Ride facilities, and will have no effect on any existing or proposed Park and Ride Facilities.  Alternative 1 will replace sidewalks where existing sidewalks are impacted by construction. Sidewalks are provided on both sides of East Grand Avenue and on the non-freeway side of West Branch Street and El Camino Real. Sidewalk is provided on the east side of Brisco Road between El Camino Real and West Branch Street. Curb ramps and crosswalks will be provided to connect sidewalks at all roadway crossings. Pedestrian signals for crosswalks will be provided at signalized intersections. Bicycle lanes will be provided where practical on portions of City streets modified by this project. Alternative 1 would widen the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing to provide standard twelve (12) foot wide travel lanes, eight- Item 10.a. - Page 185 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 6 foot shoulders, and six-foot sidewalks, which would provide upgraded pedestrian and bicycle facilities. There are currently no bicycle facilities on the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing.  Alternative 1 includes the widening of traffic lanes and shoulders to standard width on East Grand Avenue at the intersections with freeway ramps, and widens the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing. The shoulders on the US 101 ramps to be widened by Alternative 1 (NB off-ramp to East Grand Avenue, SB on-ramp to East Grand Avenue, and NB off -ramp to Camino Mercado) will be widened to standard width. The pavement of Brisco Road under the Brisco Road Undercrossing will be cold-planed or reconstructed on a lower profile as necessary to provide standard 15’-0” minimum vertical clearance. The profile of the SB US 101 lanes will be lower to provide 15’-0” vertical clearance to the East Grand Avenue Overcrossing.  The total permanent right of way acquisition is 0.654 Acres and the total temporary construction easement area is 0.07 Acres.  The construction of Alternative 1 will not require the removal of any residence, will require permanent right of way acquisition from agricultural lands where the southbound on-ramp from East Grand Avenue is to be realigned and will also require a small area of right of way acquisition and a temporary construction easement from Brisco’s Hardware to improve the curb return at the southwest corner of the Brisco Road/El Camino Real intersection.  Alternative 1 would require permanent right-of-way and temporary construction easements from the Shell and Chevron gas stations immediately east of the US 101/East Grand Avenue northbound ramps intersections to accommodate the widening of East Grand Avenue. The acquisition from the Shell Station would likely require modification to the row of gas pumps nearest East Grand Avenue and canopy that covers the pumps. The row of gas pumps nearest East Grand Avenue would potentially be removed, circulation in and around the gas station property would be significantly altered, and there is a loss of a driveway which further impacts access to the property. Loss of gas pumps, reduced circulation and loss of a drive approach could significantly impact the business of one of the Cit y’s highest sales tax generators.  Estimated cost of construction including right of way acquisition is $12.3 million. Item 10.a. - Page 186 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 7 Figure 1 – Alternative 1 – Modifications at the Brisco Road Undercrossing (Note these improvements are also included in Alternative 4C). Figure 2 Alternative 1 – Modifications at the East Grand Avenue Northbound Ramps, Bridge, and Southbound Ramps. (Note, the Southbound Ramp alignment is also included in Alternative 4). Item 10.a. - Page 187 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 8 Figure 3 Alternative 1 – Modifications in the Vicinity of Northbound Ramps and West Branch Street at Camino Mercado. Alternative 4C Alternative 4C proposes closure of the US 101 northbound on and off-ramps at Brisco Road and construction of new northbound ramps and an adjacent intersection at West Branch Street across from Rodeo Drive. This intersection would include a single-lane roundabout, as described in Section 5B and Attachment C of the Draft Project Report . Alternative 4C would be constructed over a period of 160 to 200 working days. Alternative 4C includes the following design elements:  Construction of new US 101 northbound on - and off-ramps to intersect with West Branch Street across from Rodeo Drive (The street name to be changed to Grace Lane as part of this project), and installation of a single-lane roundabout at the West Branch Street/Rodeo Drive/US 101 northbound on and off-ramps intersection.  Realignment of West Branch Street to provide separation between the ramps intersection and the mainline. Retaining walls will be required along the north side of West Branch Street and between the Rodeo Drive off -ramp and West Branch Street.  Construction of a new bridge adjacent to the Brisco Road undercrossing to carry the northbound Rodeo Drive on-ramp onto US 101. See Attachment D of the Draft Project Report for the Brisco Road Undercrossing Widening Advance Planning Study.  Construction of US 101 northbound mainline auxiliary lanes between the on-ramp from East Grand Avenue and the off-ramp to Rodeo Drive, and between the on- ramp from Rodeo Drive to the off -ramp to Camino Mercado. Item 10.a. - Page 188 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 9  Construction of a left-turn lane for the eastbound West Branch Street approach to the County Government Center driveway.  Reconstruction of Rodeo Drive on a new alignment and profile to intersect West Branch Street opposite the Rodeo Drive ramps.  Reconstruction of the existing Grace Lane/Rodeo Drive intersection north of the ramps to provide a larger radius curve on Grace Lane. This will allow Grace Lane to better receive through traffic and act as a collector street as it was designed . A retaining wall or cut slope will be required at the realigned intersection.  Directional signs at the Rodeo Drive/James Way intersection.  A Park-and-Ride lot with landscaping will be constructed on the City-owned lot between the West Branch Street/Rodeo Drive intersection and St. Patrick’s School.  Relocation of a temporary building and reconfiguration of parking at the Library/County Government Center. The project would remove approximately 46 existing parking spaces from the County Government Center and would construct a new parking lot on the same parcel with 46 new parking spaces. Handicap parking spaces and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accessibility would be provided.  Bus pull-out and pedestrian access improvements along Rodeo Drive in front of St. Patrick’s school.  Permanent storm water treatment best management practices (BMPs) will be considered for implementation. This is expected to include bio-strips or bio-swales, if feasible.  Alternative 4C will replace sidewalks where existing sidewalks are impacted by construction. Sidewalks are provided on both sides of East Grand Avenue and Rodeo Drive, and on the non-freeway side of West Branch Street and El Camino Real. Sidewalk is provided on the east side of Brisco Road between El Camino Real and West Branch Street. Curb ramps and crosswalks will be provided to connect sidewalks at all roadway crossings. Pedestrian signals for crosswalks will be provided at signalized intersections. Bicycle lanes will be provided where practical on portions of City streets modified by this project.  The total permanent right of way acquisition is 5.96 Acres and the total temporary construction easement area is 0.43 Acres.  The construction of Alternative 4C will not require the removal of any residence, will require permanent right of way acquisition from agricultural lands where the southbound on-ramp from East Grand Avenue is to be realigned and will also require a small area of right of way acquisition and a temporary construction easement from Brisco’s Hardware to improve the curb return at the southwest corner of the Brisco Road/El Camino Real intersection.  This project alternative would construct a retaining wall along the edge of the Government Center parcel for the relocation of West Branch Street, which will require both permanent and temporary right-of-way acquisition. Item 10.a. - Page 189 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 10  Alternative 4C would construct retaining walls along the edge of the athletic field of St. Patrick’s School for the relocation of West Branch Street, which will require both permanent right-of-way acquisition and temporary construction easements. The private school facilities at St. Patrick’s School are not open to public use.  Estimated cost of construction including right of way acquisition is $22.7 million. Figure 4 – Alternative 4C – Installation of the Round About at West Branch and Rodeo. No Build Alternative The No-Build Alternative proposes no improvements to existing facilities. No additional lanes or improvements would be added to the subject intersections, and existing and future congestion, circulation, capacity and control would not be relieved. Although required to be studied, this alternative does not meet the purpose and need of the project and staff would recommend this option not be considered as a viable alternative. Traffic and Neighborhood Modeling A Traffic Forecasting and Operational Analysis for the project was completed in September 2012, analyzed Alternative 1, Alternative 4C, and the No -Build Alternative under existing conditions (2015) and Future Design Year Conditions (2035). The Analysis considered intersection operations, mainline freeway and ramp junction operations, freeway weaving, local road queuing, and safety. Table 1 through Table 4 shown belo w summarize the level of service, delay, and queuing for the study intersections. Item 10.a. - Page 190 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 11 In February 2011, as part of the analysis for “Alternative 4C”, Wood Rodgers evaluated vehicular travel times for several local route options involving the Rodeo Drive/Grace Lane residential neighborhood. The evaluated routes included travel times from four origin points (Grace Lane/Rodeo Drive intersection, James Way/Grace Lane intersection, James Way/Salida Del Sol intersection and James Way/Rancho Parkway intersection) to a single gateway destination point (US 101 northbound mainline, north of Camino Mercado on-ramp). The route travel times’ comparative evaluation indicated that northbound travel from James Way corridor to US 101 via Rodeo Drive will not become more attractive under “Alternative 4C” than it is under current conditions. Therefore, no significant volumes of cut-through (from James Way corridor through Grace Lane) and/or traffic re-routing was projected to occur with the proposed “Alterative 4” improvements. Based on these findings, this evaluation assumes that the re-location of US 101 northbound ramps from Brisco Road to Grace Lane as proposed under Alternative 4 would cause insignificant levels of vehicular traffic redistribution over existing circulation conditions. Since 2012, additional traffic studies have been completed for projects in and around the City. In 2015, the East Cherry Avenue Specific Plan Transportation Impact Analysis Report was prepared. In 2016, the Brisco Road US 101 NB Ramps Closure Traffic Analysis was completed to evaluate the redistribution of traffic due to an extended closure of the ramps (Attachment 3). In 2019, the El Campo Road/South County Freeway Conversion - Traffic Displacement Assessment was prepared. These three studies have findings that are consistent with the 2012 Analysis completed for this project. It should be noted the City of Arroyo Grande has an LOS threshold of 'C'. Caltrans has an LOS threshold of 'D'. Table 1 Peak Hour Level of Service Intersection Alternative 1 Alternative 4C Brisco Road / West Branch Street B B US 101 NB Ramps-Grace Lane / West Branch Street Does Not Exist B Item 10.a. - Page 191 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 12 Table 2 Peak Hour Queuing Intersection Alternative 1 Alternative 4C Brisco Road / West Branch Street WBL Exceeds Storage All Queues Within Storage US 101 NB Ramps-Grace Lane / West Branch Street Does Not Exist All Queues Within Storage Alternative Considerations In summary, the no-build alternative results in LOS F at the Brisco Road/El Camino intersection. Further, the Brisco Road / West Branch Street intersection near the undercrossing would operate at LOS B under both alternatives. Queueing would be better under Alternative 4C than Alternative 1. Over the years, many people have inquired as to why the City just doesn’t close the Highway 101 northbound on and off ramps permanently. The closure study showed that by closing the on and off ramp, traffic is directed to the two adjacent off ramps at East Grand and Camino Mercado. Therefore, the closure of the Highway 101 northbound on and off ramps would require additional modifications to existing on-ramps to support the additional trips generated by the closure. These modifications are included as part of Alternative 1 as Alternative 4C relocates the on and off ramp. Further factors include:  Alternative 4C does not trigger widening improvements (to two -lanes) at the Camino Mercado on-ramp unlike Alternative 1. Alternative 1 may also need “ramp metering” of Camino Mercado on-ramp.  Alternative 4C does not trigger the need for dual northbound left-turn lanes from the NB off-ramp to Grand Avenue unlike Alternative 1; and  Alternative 4C provides overall local circulation flexibility by reducing congestion on West Branch Street. There are several important considerations related to Alternative 4C given significant cost concerns. The primary factor is the location of the existing ramps. Alternative 4C preserves the same number of on and off-ramps that currently serve the City. Therefore, Alternative 4C preserves, if not enhance s, current freeway ingress/egress access opportunities. Alternative 4C maintains interregional access to the Brisco Road area for drivers on US 101; conversely, Alternative 1 represents a net reduction in the number of ramps serving the system and therefore represents diminished access. Item 10.a. - Page 192 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 13 The very significant secondary impact concerning Alternative 1 is the potential adverse impacts to adjacent commercial businesses and City economy. Alternative 4C would maintain prime access to the City’s primary economic generators. The regional shopping center on West Branch Street and commercial areas on El Camino Real accounts for 38% of the City’s sales tax revenue as well as 88% of Transient Occupancy Tax revenue from the three (3) hotels in the area. An analysis by the City’s sales tax consultants for the period of the test closure of the Brisco ramps reveal that there was a slowdown for both the Oak Park Plaza (former Kmart) and Five Cities Center (Walmart). Further, Alternative 4C maintains direct access to the City’s primary economic opportunity sites including the City’s vacant lot at W est Branch Street and Old Ranch Road, the significantly underutilized area surrounding the South County Regional Center, and the significantly underutilized area on El Camino Real including both the City’s Faeh S treet property as well as the Industrial Mixed Use corridor. Alternative 1 proposes to acquire additional right of way from the existing Shell gas station. Currently the documents show this as a partial acquisition and is included in the estimated cost of Alternative 1. However, upon further investigation with the City’s design consultants, the acquisition could potentially require significant remodel at the station or preclude operations which could increase acquisition costs by $2 Million. Further, the owner has indicated owner that cost would be substantially over $2 Million based on his experience with previous gas station sales. These numbers will be determined after design has been completed. However, it should be noted that such right-of-way costs would be added to the overall cost of Alternative 1 putting Alternative 1 total cost at or above $14.3 Million. In review of the City’s General Plan policies, it should be noted that both alternatives support the City’s General Plan buildout traffic demands; however, Alternative 4C offers relatively higher levels of excess capacity and flexibility in supporting future growth within the City. PHASING At this time, there are two options considered fo r phasing. Both build alternatives have the same phasing options. One option includes either removing or deferring the construction of sound walls to a later date or another project. The second option is to defer the realignment of the south bound on and off ramps at East Grand Avenue to a later date.  Phasing Component 1 - Sound walls Noise modelling was performed in the Noise Study Report (NSR) for Alternative 1 and alternative 4C, based on noise measurements and forecast traffic volumes. Modeling for future year (2035) traffic conditions predicts that noise levels will exceed the noise abatement criteria (NAC) at 41 receptors with (or without) Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C for the project. Based on the Noise Study Report Item 10.a. - Page 193 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 14 Predicted Future Noise Levels and Noise Barrier Analysis Tables, neither alternative would result in noise impacts greater than 12 dBA when compared to existing conditions. As a result of an increase in NAC, noise abatement must be considered for Alternative 1 and Alternative 4C. The dominant noise source within the project limits is US 101. A Noise Abetment Decision Report (NADR) was completed in December 2016, which used the results from the NSR to evaluate the feasibility of soundwalls. The NADR identified two feasible locations for soundwalls under either build alternative. Location 1 sound wall approximately 1,700-feet long along the right of way line of the southbound on-ramp from Halcyon Road, the auxiliary lane and the southbound off-ramp to East Grand Avenue between the freeway mainline and the adjacent residences, churches and Montessori school . Location 2 sound wall approximately 2,900-feet long along the north side of El Camino Real from east of Stonecrest Drive to Oak Park Boulevard between the freeway mainline and the adjacent residences. Masonry sound walls are proposed to mitigate project noise levels. The sound walls for Alternative 1 are proposed to be 12 feet high in location 1 and 8 feet high in location 2. For Alternative 4C, the walls are proposed to be 12 feet high in location 1 and 8 feet high in location 2. Non-acoustical factors related to the feasibility of the sound walls have been considered. A significant non-acoustical factor relating to the feasibility of noise abatement is the visual impact that large sound walls NB-2 and NB-3 would have in the project area. The walls would block the views of adjacent residential and commercial landscaped areas, and also have the potential to provide an attractive substrate for graffiti. However, the area immediately adjacent to the walls is public street (El Camino Real) and there is a reasonable distance between the proposed walls and the existing residences further to the south, these issues are anticipated to be moderate. The sound walls will tend to block inter-visibility between El Camino Real and adjacent residences and traffic on the freeway. This can be considered beneficial, but the visibility of the residences and their yards would be blocked from the southbound freeway, so any criminal activity would be more difficult to observe, potentially decreasing security. The net effect upon security is not likely to be significant. For additional information please reference the Draft Project Report (Attachment 2). Item 10.a. - Page 194 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 15 Cost for the sound walls is approximately $1 million dollars for either alternative. Figure 5 – Alternative 1 and 4C – Soundwall Locations  Phasing Component 2 - Highway 101 southbound on-ramp alignment at East Grand Avenue In order to defer the realignment of the Highway 101 southbound on-ramp at East Grand Avenue, staff must show independent utility. In other words, staff is required to show that the proposed deferred improvements will not alter or degrade the project if they are removed. The Project Consultant has prepared a memo showing the independent utility of this on-ramp. Staff recommends that these on-ramp modifications would be better suited for a future project. Cost of these on-ramp improvements is approximately $2.1 million for either alternative. Item 10.a. - Page 195 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 16 Figure 6 – Alternative 1 and 4C – Highway 101 South Bound On Ramp at Grand Avenue. Financial Considerations As projects move into the design phase, financial considerations become necessary to support the project through construction and a financing plan needs to be developed. The total cost for each option are: Table 5. Since this project not only addresses solutions to Arroyo Grande’s street network deficiencies but also addresses ongoing regional impacts to this network , the funding for this project has multiple revenue participants. The table below indicates funding currently available to the project: Table 6. Alternative 1 12,300,000$ Alternative 4C 22,700,000$ Alternative 1 with phasing 9,200,000$ Alternative 4C with phasing 19,600,000$ Total Estimated Cost Available funding and source for any alternative State Highway Account 30,000$ State Transportation Improvement Program (Regional Funds)6,624,000$ Transportation Impact Fees (Collected from development projects by AG)2,000,000$ Local Sales Tax Fund (Previously allocated and held on hand by Arroyo Grande) 450,000$ Subtotal (Base funding for any alternative)9,104,000$ Item 10.a. - Page 196 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 17 The table below indicates funding that will need financing by the City of Arroyo Grande and estimated annual debt service based upon current bond rates. Table 7. In November 2006, the voters of Arroyo Grande approved Measure O -06, which established a half -cent local sales tax to meet City needs identified in the City’s Long Range Financial Plan. A summary of Annual Budget and Future Funding Needs flyer (Attachment 4) indicated needs and estimated costs. Transportation Improvements identified include the Brisco – Halcyon/Highway 101 Interchange and E. Grand Avenue/W. Branch Street Intersection and annual debt service of $400,000 per year for 20 years. The flyer also indicates that the estimated revenue at adoption would be approximately $1.4 million. This equates to a Brisco debt service of 28.5% of total annual Measure O-06 sales tax revenue. A section of this flyer is presented below: Although the revenue received from this sales tax measure would be deposited in the City’s General Fund and could be used for any purpose, the voters also participated in advisory votes to voice their opinion on whether any revenue from the proposed new sales tax be spent on specific community needs. The four advisory measures and their votes are presented below: Amount needed to be financed by Arroyo Grande for each alternative Amount Financed * Est. Annual Debt Service (30 years) Alternative 1 3,346,000$ 195,856$ Alternative 1 phased -$ -$ Alternative 4C 13,796,000$ 807,539$ Alternative 4C phased 10,896,000$ 637,790$ Item 10.a. - Page 197 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 18 1. Measure K-06. Transportation Improvements -- City of Arroyo Grande (Advisory Vote Only) If the proposed sales tax measure (O-06) is approved, should a portion of the proceeds be used to fund transportation improvements, including, but not limited to, upgrade of the Brisco Road/Halcyon Road - Highway 101 Interchange? Results - Yes votes - 70.46% (4,810); No votes - 29.54% (2017) 2. Measure L-06. Infrastructure Funding -- City of Arroyo Grande (Advisory Vote Only) If the proposed sales tax measure (Measure O-06) is approved, should a portion of the proceeds be used to fund maintenance and upgrade of the City's infrastructure, including, but not limited to, street maintenance and improvements, upgrade of the drainage system, and projects to prevent pollution, erosion and sedimentation in the creek system from storm water runoff? Results - Yes votes - 68.58% (4,590); No votes – 31.42% (2,103) 3. Measure M-06. Public Safety Funding -- City of Arroyo Grande (Advisory Vote Only) If the proposed sales tax measure (Measure O-06) is approved, should a portion of the proceeds be used to fund public safety expenses, including, but not limited to, expansion of the Police Station, purchase of Fire apparatus, and additional Fire Department staffing? Results - Yes votes - 59.89% (3,983); No votes – 40.11% (2,668) 4. Measure N-06. Facilities Funding -- City of Arroyo Grande (Advisory Vote Only) If the proposed sales tax measure (Measure O-06) is approved, should a portion of the proceeds be used to fund improvements to City facilities to meet Federal Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements, including, but not limited to, upgrade of the City Hall complex? Results - Yes votes - 41.15% (2,727); No votes – 58.85% (3,900) In order to fund any of the project alternatives, staff would recommend using revenues from the Local Sales Tax Fund for debt service as originally intended by the Council and supported by the voters through Advisory Measure K-06. Since 2006, the City has been diligent in its spending of Measure O-06 funds consistent with the advisory input of the voters. Currently, the City utilizes all of the annual revenue generated by Measure O -06 and has identified funding needs for deferred maintenance that well exceeds these revenues. Using Measure O-06 funds for the Brisco-Halcyon interchange project will reduce revenue available for other identified Capital Improvement Projects. Item 10.a. - Page 198 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 19 A letter from SLOCOG dated March 15, 2019 stating that they would support existing funding levels ($6.6 Million) for the project for either alternative subject to the condition that the Council approve a financing plan identifying this project as fully funded (design and construction). (Attachment 5) Next Steps: After the recommendation is provided to the PDT team, the following steps will need to be completed in order to complete the PA&ED phase:  PDT team receives recommendation from City Council  PDT incorporates recommendation into selected preferred alternative  City and Consultants finalize environmental documents  Council Certifies MND (CEQA) Caltrans certifies EA (NEPA)  Consultants prepare Design Decision Documents  Caltrans Approves Design Decision Documents  Council approves financing planConsultant prepares Final Project Report  Project Report is approved by Caltrans  PA&ED Phase completed PS&E Phase begins ALTERNATIVES: The following alternatives are provided for the Council's consideration: 1. Select Alternative 1 - Brisco Ramp Closure with modifications to other ramps; 2. Select Alternative 4C - Relocation of off ramp with a roundabout; 3. Select Alternative 1 with phasing deferral and/or removal of sound walls and Highway 101 south bound on ramp at Grand Avenue ; or 4. Select Alternative 4C with phasing deferral and/or removal of sound walls and Highway 101 south bound on ramp at Grand Avenue ; or 5. Provide direction to staff. ADVANTAGES: Recommending a preferred alternative for the Brisco-Halcyon Road Interchange Modifications project will allow staff to complete the Project Approval and Environmental Determination (PA&ED) phase and move into the design phase for the Brisco -Halcyon Road Interchange project. Both alternatives relieve congestion at the Brisco Road Undercrossing and improve traffic operations. Primary advantages of Alternative 1 include significantly reduced project cost and widening of the East Grand Avenue bridge deck allowing for standard lane width and wide shoulders for cyclists (although not full bike lane s). Many local residents that live on the east side of Highway 101 in the vicinity of Rodeo Drive have indicated a strong preference for this alternative so that their neighborhoods would not be located near northbound on and off-ramps and potentially be impacted by additional trips. Item 10.a. - Page 199 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 20 Primary advantages of Alternative 4C include maintaining a full interchange for northbound and southbound travelers and maintaining connectivity at northbound US 101 at the City’s primary retail center, regional center, primary vacant economic opportunity site on West Branch Street, and primary underutilized and vacant opportunity sites on El Camino Real. Many business owners in the project vicinity have indicated a strong preference for this alternative due to potential imp acts to their businesses due to severed access at the northbound Brisco Interchange ramps. DISADVANTAGES: Delaying the recommendation of a preferred alternative would delay project implementation and will jeopardize programmed funding of State Transportation Improvement Funding of $6.6 million dollars that has been secured for this project. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: This project is subject to both the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The City is lead agency for the CEQA review and the Draft Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration has been prepared (Attachment 2). Caltrans is the lead agency for the NEPA review and the Environmental Assessment with findings of no significant impact has been prepared. Both documents were circulated for a 30-day public comment period during which a public workshop was held on April 26, 2018. The MND will be certified by the City Council at a subsequent meeting after the draft environmental documents and draft project report have been revised to reflect the preferred alternative later this year. Responses to comments submitted during the circulation of the environmental documents are included in Attachment 6. PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND COMMENTS: The Agenda was posted at City Hall and on the City’s website in accordance with Government Code Section 54954.2. Numerous comments have been received to date (Attachments 6 & 7). An informational flyer was sent out for a public workshop held in February 2019 (Attachments 8 & 9) and for the March 26, 2019 Council Meeting (Attachment 10). An 1/8 page Public Notice was published in The Tribune on Sunday, March 17, 2019, and public notices regarding this item were posted on the City’s website and social media platforms. Attachments: 1. Background Summary 2. Brisco Road Halcyon Road Draft Project Report 3. Test Closure report for the Brisco Road Halcyon Road Interchange Project 4. Annual Budget Flyer (2006) 5. Correspondence from the San Luis Obispo Council of Governments 6. Comments and Responses to comments received during circulation of the environmental documents 7. Public comment correspondence 8. Public workshop flyer Item 10.a. - Page 200 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF A PROJECT STATUS UPDATE AND A RECOMMENDATION OF A PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BRISCO-HALCYON ROAD INTERCHANGE MODIFICATIONS PROJECT MARCH 26, 2019 PAGE 21 9. Notes from February 13, 2019 public workshop 10. Public outreach flyer for March 26, 2019 City Council Meeting Item 10.a. - Page 201 Item 10.a. - Page 202 DTP-0001 (Revised 13 Aug 2019 v8.01g) Assembly:Senate:Congressional: Date:1/21/21 District EA Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emissions STATE OF CALIFORNIA ● DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROJECT PROGRAMMING REQUEST General Instructions Amendment (Existing Project)No County Route/Corridor PM Bk PM Ahd Nominating Agency Project ID PPNO MPO ID 05 SLO 101 13.1 14.6 MPO Element Project Manager/Contact Phone E-mail Address Robin Dickerson 805-473-5441 rdickerson@arroyogrande.org Project Title US 101/ Brisco Road Interchange Project Location (Project Limits), Description ( Scope of Work) The closure of the US 101 on- and off- ramps at Brisco Road and construction of a new northbound ramps and and adjacent intersection to intersect with West Branch Street across from Todeo Drive. This intersection will include a single lane roundabout. Component Implementing Agency PA&ED City of Arroyo Grande PS&E City of Arroyo Grande Right of Way City of Arroyo Grande Construction City of Arroyo Grande Legislative Districts Project Benefits To improve traffic flow and enhance safety for the local and interregional movement of people and goods. Purpose and Need The purpose of the project is to provide congestion relief, alleviate queuing, and improve the traffic operations of the regional and local street system in the vicinity of US 101. The purpose is also to continue to accommodate access to existing and planned local development. To achieve this the project will provide ditect access from US 101 to and from the commercial, governmental, and recreational facilities along West Branch Street. It will also reduce congetstion and queuing at the Brisco Road Category Outputs Unit Total Y/N No Y/N Y/N Project Milestone Existing Proposed Roadway Class Reversible Lane analysis Project Study Report Approved 09/01/01 Begin Environmental (PA&ED) Phase 07/01/05 03/01/22 Begin Right of Way Phase 03/01/22 Circulate Draft Environmental Document Document Type 04/12/18 Draft Project Report 04/02/18 End Environmental Phase (PA&ED Milestone)12/30/19 ADA Notice For individuals with sensory disabilities, this document is available in alternate formats. For information call (916) 654-6410 or TDD (916) 654-3880 or write Records and Forms Management, 1120 N Street, MS-89, Sacramento, End Construction Phase (Construction Contract Acceptance Milestone)10/01/24 Begin Closeout Phase 04/01/25 NHS Improvements Inc. Sustainable Communities Strategy Goals End Closeout Phase (Closeout Report)11/01/25 End Right of Way Phase (Right of Way Certification Milestone)09/30/22 Begin Construction Phase (Contract Award Milestone) Begin Design (PS&E) Phase 04/01/20 04/01/23 End Design Phase (Ready to List for Advertisement Milestone) Item 10.a. - Page 203 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Item 10.a. - Page 204