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CC 2024-11-12_11a South County Sanitary Rate AdjustmentItem 11.a. MEMORANDUM TO: City Council FROM: Nicole Valentine, Director of Administrative Services SUBJECT: Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 DATE: November 12, 2024 RECOMMENDATION: 1) Review the Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment request; 2) Set a public hearing for January 14, 2025, to consider adjusting the waste collection services rates to be effective January 14, 2025, and each January 1 from 2026 through 2029; and 3) Direct staff to prepare and distribute a Proposition 218 notice for a public hearing scheduled for January 14, 2025, for the proposed waste collection services rate adjustment. IMPACT ON FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL RESOURCES: There is no impact on staff resources related to the proposed action. There will be a minor increase in franchise fee revenue from the adjustment and a minor increase to the City’s cost for solid waste collection. If the proposed new four-year minimum indexed rate adjustment methodology is approved, future personnel resources will be required to prepare the appropriate 30-day notice of rate increase in-lieu of the effort required for interim year reviews, thus providing operational efficiency compared to the current two- year maximum schedule. Pursuant to the City’s existing Franchise Agreement with South County Sanitary Service (“SCSS”), the costs of consultant services to review SCSS’s rate adjustment request are paid by SCSS. BACKGROUND: The City has had a Franchise Agreement with SCSS, a subsidiary of Waste Connections, for the collection, diversion, and disposal of solid waste in the City since 1997. On June 10, 2008, a new Solid Waste Collection Franchise Agreement with SCSS was approved and the Franchise Agreement was subsequently amended twice in 2016. Through the terms of the Franchise Agreement, SCSS is entitled to compensation for its “labor, equipment, materials and supplies, taxes, insurance, bonds, overhead, transfer and transport, processing, division, disposal, provide and all other things necessary to perform all of the services required by [the] Agreement.” This compensation is received through Page 137 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 2 the rates and charges paid by the City’s customers, which are presented to the City through cost-based rate adjustment applications and approved by the City Council following a noticed public hearing pursuant to article XIII D, section 6 of the California Constitution (commonly known as “Proposition 218”). Per the Franchise Agreement, rates are reviewed in accordance with the “City of San Luis Obispo Rate Setting Process and Methodology Manua l for Integrated Solid Waste Management Rates,” which was originally established in 1994 (1994 Rate Manual). The 1994 Rate Manual allows for a cost-based rate adjustment every three years and interim rate adjustments in the other two years. In interim rate periods, the operator is limited to adjustments based on inflation, tipping fee adjustments, and franchise or regulatory fee changes. During cost-based rate adjustment years, SCSS is able to request adjustments due to changes in other operational costs as set forth in the 1994 Rate Manual. The following table summarizes the SCSS rate review history beginning in 2005 . Table 1: SCSS Rate Review History Year Review Type Adjustment % 2005 Cost-based 5.60% 2006 Index-based 3.09% 2007 Index-based 3.76% 2008 Cost-based 3% 2009 N/A 0.00% 2010 N/A 0.00% 2011 N/A 0.00% 2012 Index-based 5.15% 2013 Cost-based 3.20% 2014 Index-based 2.05% 2015 N/A 0.00% 2016 Cost-based 3.25% 2017 Index-based 1.00% 2018 Index-based 1.60% 2019 Cost-based 10.06% 2020 Index-based 1.70% 2021 Index-based 0.70% 2022 Cost-based 22.19% 2023 Index-based 9.10% 2024 Index-based 3.00% 2025 Cost-based 4.92% The City of San Luis Obispo has been working with Waste Connections, SCSS’s parent company, to develop and implement a new rate adjustment methodology to replace the Page 138 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 3 30-year-old Rate Manual. The key objectives for a new rate adjustment methodology are to enhance rate stability, predictability, fairness, transparency, ease of administration, and cost-effectiveness. The City of San Luis Obispo contracted with R3 Consulting Group, Inc. (R3) to support development and negotiation of a new rate adjustment method ology and the new rate adjustment methodology is available for consideration by other public agencies in San Luis Obispo County. The City of Arroyo Grande has been following the development of the new rate adjustment methodology, which will be presented to the City Council as an amendment to the agreement with SCSS in association with the January 14, 2025, public hearing regarding the 2025 rate adjustment. The City of San Luis Obispo also contracted with R3 to conduct a detailed review of the 2025 cost-based rate applications submitted by Waste Connections to ten agencies in San Luis Obispo County, including the City of Arroyo Grande. The City of Arroyo Grande received an initial rate adjustment request from SCSS on July 3, 2024, for an adjustment to the City’s solid waste rates of 3.97% effective in January, 2025 following a noticed public hearing pursuant to Proposition 218. After R3’s review, and adjustments necessary for effectuation of the new rate methodology and new regional service enhancements, the recommended 2025 rate adjustment is 4.92%. ANALYSIS OF ISSUES: Review of 2025 Rate Adjustment Request R3 completed a thorough review of SCSS’ 2025 cost-based rate adjustment application and adjustments necessary for the new recommended rate adjustment methodology. After careful review of the rate adjustment request, and the outcomes of negotiations of a new rate adjustment methodology between the City of San Luis Obispo and Waste Connections, R3 completed a report evaluating the 2025 rate adjustment request and the new rate methodology (Attachment 1). R3’s review suggests that the original 3.97% adjustment proposed to be effective January 2025, is justifiable in accordance with the 1994 Rate Manual and may be accepted by the City in the event that the Cit y does not adopt the new rate adjustment methodology. R3’s report further recommends the new rate adjustment methodology and the corresponding rate adjustment of 4.92%, which will provide key benefits to the City in terms of rate predictability and stability and new enhanced services. New Rate Adjustment Methodology The City of San Luis Obispo, in its capacity as the lead agency on the solid waste rate adjustment methodology update process, and in partnership with Los Osos Community Services District and Waste Connections, completed negotiations and arrived at tentative agreement with Waste Connections regarding the terms and conditions of a new methodology. The outcome was the result of extensive good faith negotiations between the City and Waste Connections, with due consideration to input provided by other public agency stakeholders, including the City of Arroyo Grande. Page 139 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 4 Pending City Council approval, the new methodology will replace the 1994 Rate Manual and will regulate annual rate adjustments for the City’s solid waste rates starting in 2026. The new methodology fulfills key objectives including rate stability, predictability, fairness, transparency, ease of administration, and cost -effectiveness. Additionally, the new methodology can be applied on a regional scale and is available as recommended alternative to the 1994 Rate Manual for all agencies, including the City of Arroyo Grande. The key features of the new methodology include:  Capped CPI Adjustments: Starting in 2026, rate adjustments will be based on the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) for all urban consumers U.S. City Average for all urban consumers U.S. City Average for Garbage and Trash Expenditure Category as published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor S tatistics, with a floor of 2% and a cap of 5%. Amounts over 5% will carry forward. The CPI adjustment will apply to Waste Connections’ collection and post-collection cost centers.  Revenue Balancing Mechanism: Starting in 2027, adjustments to rates will account for shortfalls or surpluses in Waste Connections’ actual revenues compared to projected revenues from prior years. For example, if Waste Connections’ 2025 revenues exceed projections, the amount of surplus revenues will be credited to the rates in 2027 (and vice versa), achieving fairness in compensation and rates for the company and for ratepayers. Such adjustments would take place annually and will be independent of the CPI cap and floor noted above. It should be noted that SCSS’s 2023 net income was such that, were a revenue balancing mechanism in place at the time, surplus revenues would have been carried forward to the 2025 rate year and would have offset the forthcoming rate adjustment.  Less Frequent Cost-Based Adjustments: Currently, solid waste rates are adjusted based on the 1994 Rate Manual every three years on Waste Connections’ costs. Via the new methodology, cost -based adjustments would occur a maximum of every five years, and only if requested by Waste Connections or the City. The first opportunity for a cost-based adjustment will be for the 2030 rate year. If neither Waste Connections nor the City request a cost -based adjustment, then the CPI adjustment approach will be applied. Cost -based adjustments will be based on Waste Connections’ consolidated audited financial statements for the region. Timeframes for cost-based adjustment application and review process will be ample, such that the City will have sufficient time for review and approval processes and such that the potential for dela y in implementation is minimized.  Updated Depreciation Lifespan for Trucks: The 1994 Rate Manual set a 7-year depreciation schedule for solid waste collection trucks. Modern solid waste Page 140 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 5 collection trucks have a 10-year lifespan, and the depreciation schedule was adjusted accordingly.  Updated Profit Allowance: The 2025 rate adjustment will include a 9% profit allowance of projected collection costs and in 2026 and thereafter the profit allowance will be 10%. For context, the 2025 profit allowance is approximately 5% of revenues and R3 estimates that the 2026 profit allowance will be approximately 5.5% of revenues.  Removed Limitation on Corporate Overhead: The 1994 Rate Manual placed a limitation on corporate overhead costs. Today, corporate overhead costs fund legal, tax, payroll, human resources, engineering, compliance, IT, training and recruiting programs to the extent these costs are attributable to the actual costs of providing solid waste services. The City and Waste Connections agreed to remove the prior limitation in order to fund these services.  Extraordinary Adjustments: The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Advanced Clean Fleets (ACF) regulation is requiring all solid waste collection trucks to be zero emissions in 2042. This includes a phased in plan to get the percentage of the fleet to be zero emission vehicle (ZEV) with 10% by 2030, 25% by 2033, 50% by 2036, 75% by 2039 and 100% by 2042. During CPI Adjustment years, Waste Connections may request extraordinary rate adjustments due to changes in law affecting collection operations, including for compliance with CARBS’s ACF electrification mandate (which may necessitate change to depreciation schedules). The City may, but is not obligated to, consider requests for extraordinary rate adjustments due to changes in law affective post-collection operations. Requests for extraordinary change are subject to good faith meet and confer negotiations between City and Waste Connections.  Regional Service Enhancements: o Customer Assistance Program: 20% low-income discount provided to residential customers using 32-gallon cart service, using existing jurisdictional practices on low-income relief for their offered utility type services with evidence of qualifying financial hardship. Funding for the low- income assistance program shall be from SCSS’s other revenue sources and not paid for through rate payer funds. o Free Bulky Waste Collections: Collection of a bulky waste item twice annually from residential accounts at no cost via bi-annual clean-up weeks. o Annual Cart Exchange: Once annual exchange of a residential solid waste, recycling, or organics cart per customer account. Page 141 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 6 Primary Factors Affecting Rate Adjustment Per R3’s report, the key factors affecting the 2025 rate adjustment are summarized as follows:  A doubling of post-collection costs for organics processing since 2022 due to updated costs for processing infrastructure to meet the requirements of S enate Bill (SB) 1383.  Market rate adjustment of post-collection costs for landfill disposal, which have remained flat since 2016. Landfill disposal costs have been below market at $41 per ton since 2016 and will increase to a fair market cost of $70 per ton in 2025.  Cost-of-living changes in collection costs, which include labor, capital, operating expenses, insurance and overhead costs, for 2025 increases over 2024 amounting to 4.21%.  Additional costs for regional service enhancements, described above, which add 0.45% to the 2025 rate adjustment. Taken altogether, and including appropriate adjustments to SCSS’ original request to achieve the objectives of the new rate methodology, the 2025 rate adjustment that would be effective January 14, 2025, following a successful Proposition 218 proceeding, is 4.92% as shown in the table below: Table 2: 2025 Rate Adjustment Breakdown Original Adjustment per 1994 Rate Manual 3.97% Revised Depreciation Schedule -1.33% Remove Limitation on Corporate Overhead 1.51% Regional Service Enhancements 0.45% Updated Profit Allowance 0.23% Recalculated Franchise Fee 0.09% Revised Adjustment for New Methodology 4.92% Franchise Agreement Termination Clause The Franchise Agreement also contains language that provides that if the rate adjustment request compared with the rate in effect at the date of the Franchise Agreement exceeds the cumulative cost of living increase from that same date, the City has the option of terminating the Franchise Agreement at any time within nine months following approval of the requested rate adjustment. The “trigger” calculation does not limit the amount of adjustment that SCSS can request; it simply incentivizes SCSS to keep its requested adjustments below the cumulative increase in CPI to avoid the City opting to terminate the Franchise Agreement. Page 142 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 7 At this time, staff recommends that the City not pursue the termination (“trigger”) option set forth in Section 8.3 of the City’s Franchise Agreement with SCSS. Based on a detailed review of costs as presented in Attachment 1, the costs are reasonable and rates have been calculated in accordance with the 1994 Rate Manual and the recommended new rate adjustment methodology. The following table shows that solid waste rates for Arroyo Grande are among the lowest in the Central Coast area for single family residential services. Also, and as previously reported to the Council in 2022 , the requirements of SB 1383 have created significant new regulatory requirements, burdens, and costs for the City, its solid waste partners such as the San Luis Obispo Integrated Waste Management Authority (IWMA) and SCSS. SCSS is required by agreement to help the City meet certain SB 1383 requirements, and termination of the Franchise Agreement with SCSS at this time would create disruption in the City’s efforts to comply with State regulations. Proposition 218 Process Per the provisions of Proposition 218, all property owners receiving solid waste collection services will receive written notice by mail at least 45 days prior to the date of a public hearing where the City Council will consider approving solid waste rate adjustments. The notice will include the amount of the fee, the reason for the increase, the basis on which the fee was calculated and the date, time, and place of the public hearing and must clearly advise of the right to protest the rate adjustment. Most recently, the City conducted Proposition 218 rate hearings for waste collection service rates in 2014, 2015, 2016, 2019 and 2022. It is recommended that the City Council set the public hearing for January 14, 2025, and direct staff to ensure that notices are provided to affected property owners of the proposed rate adjustments stated in the following table in compliance with Proposition 218. A summary of changes in residential rates at the 4.92% rate adjustment are shown in the table below. Table 3: Summary of Residential Rate Changes Service Description Current Monthly Rate Effective 1/1/2024 Proposed Rate Adjustment Proposed Monthly Rate Effective 1/14/2025 32 Gallon Waste Wheeler $27.33 $1.34 $28.67 64 Gallon Waste Wheeler $35.52 $1.75 $37.27 96 Gallon Waste Wheeler $43.73 $2.15 $45.88 Page 143 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 8 Next Steps If staff’s recommendations are approved, next steps for the solid waste rate adjustment will include:  November 30, 2024 – Deadline for mailing the 45-day public hearing notice in compliance with Proposition 218.  January 14, 2025 – Conduct a public hearing to consider protests regarding the proposed rate adjustments identified in the Proposition 218 hearing notice .  January 14, 2025 – If approved, new rates go into effect. The rate adjustment will be prorated based upon a January 14 start date. ALTERNATIVES: The following alternatives are provided for the Council’s consideration: 1. Adopt staff’s recommendations to 1) Review the South County Sanitary Service Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment request; 2) Set a public hearing for January 14, 2025, to consider adjusting the Solid Waste Collection Rates for by 4.92% effective on January 14, 2025, and via the new rate adjustment methodology each January 1 from 2026 through 2029; and 3) Direct staff to prepare and distribute a Proposition 218 notice for a public hearing to consider increases to the solid waste rates; 2. Adopt staff’s recommendations to 1) Review the South County Sanitary Service Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment request; 2) Set a public hearing for January 14, 2025, to consider adjusting the Solid Waste Collection Rates by 3.97% effective on January 14, 2025, and via the 1994 Rate Manual on January 1, 2026 and January 1, 2027; and 3) Direct staff to prepare and distribute a Proposition 218 notice for a public hearing to consider increases to the solid waste rates; or 3. Provide other direction to staff. ADVANTAGES: Approval of the rate adjustment is consistent with the underlying conceptual approach in the 1994 Rate Manual with appropriate revisions to effectuate the new rate adjustment methodology. The new rate adjustment methodology provides advantages that are not available under the 1994 Rate Manual, including:  Lengthening the time between cost-based rate adjustments, providing for greater rate predictability and stability.  New service enhancements including the low income rate customer assistance program, the free bulky waste collections during clean-up weeks, and free annual cart exchanges. Page 144 of 174 Item 11.a. City Council Request from South County Sanitary Service for Integrated Solid Waste Collection Rate Adjustment Effective January 14, 2025 November 12, 2024 Page 9 DISADVANTAGES: Solid waste customers will see slightly higher rate adjustments in 2025 via the new rate methodology compared to the 1994 Rate Manual. However, rather than the next cost- based rate adjustment occurring in 2028, the earliest cost -based adjustment via the new rate adjustment methodology will be in 2030. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: No environmental review is required for this item. PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND COMMENTS: The Agenda was posted at City Hall and on the City’s website in accordance with Government Code Section 54954.2. ATTACHMENTS: 1. R3 Report on 2025 Rate Adjustment and New Rate Methodology Page 145 of 174 REPORT City of San Luis Obispo and Participating Agencies Submitted electronically on October 22, 2020 Submitted electronically: November 1, 2024 New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates ATTACHMENT 1 Page 146 of 174 1512 Eureka Road, Suite 220, Roseville, CA 95661 | p 916.782.7821 | f 916.782.7824 | www.r3cgi.com November 1, 2024 Ms. Meg Buckingham Solid Waste and Recycling Coordinator Public Utilities 879 Morro, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 submitted via email: mbuckin@slocity.org SUBJECT: New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates Dear Ms. Buckingham and Participating Agencies, R3 Consulting Group, Inc. (R3) was engaged by the City of San Luis Obispo (City) to provide solid waste consulting services via two engagements supporting the City’s negotiations of a new solid waste services agreement with Waste Connections, the solid waste hauler. R3 was originally engaged by the City to work in collaboration with Los Osos Community Services District and Waste Connections to update the methodology for annual adjustments to the solid waste rates charged by Waste Connections. The key objectives for updating the rate adjustment methodology were to enhance rate stability, predictability, fairness, transparency, ease of administration, and cost- effectiveness. As that engagement proceeded, eight other agencies in San Luis Obispo County (the City of Arroyo Grande, the City of Grover Beach, the City of Pismo Beach, Avila Beach Community Services District, Cambria Community Services District, Cayucos Sanitary District, Nipomo Community Services District, and Oceano Community Services District – altogether “Participating Agencies” or “Agencies”) were included as stakeholder participants in the development of new rate adjustment methodology. With the inclusion of these additional Agencies, objectives for the engagement were updated to include regional scale applicability of the new rate adjustment methodology. R3 was then engaged by the City to review Waste Connections’ rate adjustment requests for the 2025 rate year on behalf of all ten Agencies with the objective of determining 2025 solid waste rates that would an appropriate starting point for a new rate adjustment methodology starting in 2026. The City of San Luis Obispo served as the lead contracting agency for both engagements, providing primary oversight and direction of R3’s work. Input and feedback were also sought from the other nine Agencies, and the results reflect their stakeholder input. Ultimately, the outcomes of both engagements are the conclusion of good faith contract negotiations between the City and Waste Connections. In summary, the City and Waste Connections have tentatively agreed to updated terms and conditions for annual rate adjustment which fulfill key objectives while also securing enhanced services that will protect low income households, prevent illegal dumping, and clean solid waste collection containers. The new rate adjustment methodology and enhanced services also resulted in updated adjustments to solid waste rates for 2025. The City intends to recommend a new agreement with Waste Connections to the City Council that will include the new rate adjustment methodology and enhanced services along with the 2025 adjustments to solid waste rates. In keeping with the objective for the results to be applicable on a regional scale, Waste Connections is willing to offer the new rate adjustment methodology and Page 147 of 174 1512 Eureka Road, Suite 220, Roseville, CA 95661 | p 916.782.7821 | f 916.782.7824 | www.r3cgi.com select enhanced services to the other nine Agencies at the updated 2025 adjustments to solid waste rates. R3 would like to recognize that this has been a significant undertaking, and we’d like to thank the City of San Luis Obispo, Waste Connections, Los Osos Community Services District, and Participating Agencies for your involvement in providing feedback during this process. In closing, R3 recommends City and stakeholder consideration of the revised 2025 rates and the new rate adjustment methodology as a means of achieving shared rate fairness, stability, and predictability objectives. Here’s what Waste Connections has shared regarding the outcomes: “San Luis Garbage (SLG) had the opportunity to negotiate with the City of San Luis Obispo on the re-write of the 1994 rate-making manual. The goal of this endeavor was to simplify and streamline the rate-making process for all parties and provide an improved model going forward for potential refuse collection rate changes. The process included a considerable amount of discussion and analysis and although arduous at times, SLG feels the negotiations were performed in good faith, were collaborative in nature and carried out with mutual respect. In addition to updating the rate-making methodology, both parties took the opportunity to establish some new service enhancements that will discourage illegal dumping, provide cart cleaning exchanges, and offer rate relief for low-income customers. SLG believes the outcome of the negotiation has provided a much-improved rate-review process for the City of San Luis Obispo and other cities currently under the old rate-making methodology which will ultimately allow for an easier path to fair and reasonable rates for all customers.” * * * * * * * We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to the City and would like to thank the City and the Participating Agencies for their involvement and feedback. We would also like to recognize Waste Connections staff for being communicative and responsive to requests for information during the process. Sincerely, Garth Schultz | Principal R3 Consulting Group, Inc. 510.292.0853 | gschultz@r3cgi.com Page 148 of 174 TABLE OF CONTENTS City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates TOC 1. Executive Summary page 1 2. Background page 4 3. New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates page 10 Attachments 1 Summary of Original 2025 Base Year Rate Adjustments 2 Revised 2025 Rate Adjustments 3 CPI-U for Garbage and Trash 4 Example Rate Calculations for 2026 through 2029 Page 149 of 174 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 1 of 19 New Rate Adjustment Methodology The City of San Luis Obispo, in its capacity as the lead agency on the solid waste rate adjustment methodology update process, and in partnership with Los Osos Community Services District and Waste Connections, completed negotiations and arrived at tentative agreement with Waste Connections regarding the terms and conditions of a new methodology. The outcome was the result of extensive good faith negotiations between the City and Waste Connections, with due consideration to input provided by other public agency stakeholders. Pending City Council approvals, the new methodology will replace the 1994 Rate Setting Process and Methodology Manual for Integrated Solid Waste Management Rates (1994 Rate Manual) and will regulate annual rate adjustments for the City’s solid waste rates starting in 2026. The new methodology fulfills key objectives established by the City and Waste Connections, including rate stability, predictability, fairness, transparency, ease of administration, and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, in response to requests by other Agencies that contract with Waste Connections in San Luis Obispo County, the new methodology can be applied on a regional-scale and is available as recommended alternative to the 1994 Rate Adjustment Manual for those Agencies. The key features of the new methodology include: 》 CPI Adjustments: Starting in 2026, rate adjustments will be based on the Garbage and Trash CPI, with a floor of 2% and a cap of 5%. Amounts under 2% or over 5% will carry forward. The CPI adjustment will apply to Waste Connections’ collection and post-collection cost centers. 》 Revenue Balancing Mechanism: Starting in 2027, adjustments to rates will account for shortfalls or surpluses in Waste Connections’ actual revenues compared to projected revenues from prior years. For example, if Waste Connections’ 2025 revenues exceed projections, the amount of surplus revenues will be credited to the rates in 2027 (and vice versa), achieving fairness in compensation and rates for the company and for ratepayers. Such adjustments would take place annually and will be independent of the CPI cap and floor noted above (there is no cap on these amounts). 》 Less Frequent Cost-Based Adjustments: Currently, solid waste rates are adjusted based on the 1994 Rate Adjustment Manual every three years on Waste Connections’ costs. Via the new methodology, cost-based adjustments would occur a maximum of every five years, and only if requested by Waste Connections or the City. The first opportunity for a cost-based adjustment will be for the 2030 rate year. If neither Waste Connections nor the City request a cost-based adjustment, then the CPI adjustment approach will be applied. Cost-based adjustments will be based on Waste Connections’ consolidated audited financial statements for the region. Timeframes for cost-based adjustment application and review process will be ample, such that the City will have sufficient time for review and approval processes and such that the potential for delay in implementation is minimized. These timeframes will be delineated in the forthcoming amendment to the agreement with Waste Connections. 》 Updated Depreciation Lifespan for Trucks: The 1994 Rate Manual set a 7-year depreciation schedule for solid waste collection trucks. Modern solid waste collection trucks have a 10-year lifespan, and the depreciation schedule was adjusted accordingly. 》 Updated Profit Allowance: The 2025 rate adjustment will include a 9% profit allowance of projected collection costs and in 2026 and thereafter the profit allowance will be 10%. The updated profit allowance is in-keeping with industry standard ranges for solid waste services. For Page 150 of 174 Executive Summary City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 2 of 19 context, the 2025 profit allowance is approximately 5% of revenues and we estimate that the 2026 profit allowance will be approximately 5.5% of revenues. Profit will not be allowed on post- collection costs. 》 Removed Limitation on Corporate Overhead: The 1994 Rate Manual placed a limitation on corporate overhead costs. Today, corporate overhead costs fund legal, tax, payroll, human resources, engineering, compliance, IT, training and recruiting programs. The City and Waste Connections agreed to remove the prior limitation in order to fund these services. In the near- term, compensation to Waste Connections for corporate overhead will be limited by the CPI adjustment noted above. Cost-based adjustments to corporate overhead are possible in 2030, and will be subject to review, justification, and potential limitation at that time. 》 Extraordinary Adjustments: The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Advanced Clean Fleets (ACF) regulation is requiring all solid waste collection trucks to have zero emissions by 2042. This includes a phased in plan to get the percentage of the fleet to be zero emission vehicle (ZEV) with 10% by 2030, 25% by 2033, 50% by 2036,75% by 2039 and 100% by 2042. During CPI Adjustment years, Waste Connections may request extraordinary rate adjustments due to changes in law affecting collection operations, including for compliance with CARB’s ACF zero emission mandate (which may necessitate change to depreciation schedules). The City may, but is not obligated to, consider requests for extraordinary rate adjustments due to changes in law affecting post-collection operations. Requests for extraordinary change are subject to good faith negotiations between City and Waste Connections. New Service Enhancements During negotiations, the City and Waste Connections also took the opportunity to establish new service enhancements that will discourage illegal dumping, provide cart cleaning exchanges, and offer rate relief for low-income customers. The below service enhancements are available to the other Agencies that approve the new rate adjustment methodology in association with adjusted 2025 solid waste rates: 》 Customer Assistance Program: 20% low-income discount provided to residential customers using 32-gallon cart service, using existing jurisdictional practices on low-income relief for their offered utility type services with evidence of qualifying financial hardship. 》 Free Bulky Waste Collections: Collection of a bulky waste item twice annually from residential accounts at no separate cost, via clean-up week or voucher program depending on existing program. 》 Annual Cart Exchange: Once annual exchange of a residential solid waste, recycling, or organics cart per customer account. 2025 Rate Adjustments As a result of the above, Waste Connections’ 2025 rate adjustment request was revised from a 9.29% increase to a 9.89% increase in solid waste rates, effective January 1, 2025 (and prior to other rate structure adjustments that the City and Waste Connections may enact). When the new rate methodology changes and service enhancements are equally applied to the other regional Agencies, the results are as shown in Table 1 on the following page. Additional details are included in Section 3 of this report. Page 151 of 174 Executive Summary City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 3 of 19 Table 1: 2025 Rate Adjustments Agency Original Revised City of San Luis Obispo 9.29% 9.89% City of Arroyo Grande 3.97% 4.92% Los Osos CSD 12.47% 13.18% City of Pismo Beach 3.97% 4.82% Cambria CSD 12.78% 12.59% City of Grover Beach 3.97% 5.02% Nipomo CSD 3.23% 5.04% Oceano CSD 3.76% 4.98% Cayucos SD 12.47% 14.32% Avila Beach CSD 3.97% 4.60% Page 152 of 174 2.BACKGROUND City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 4 of 19 1994 Rate Manual The 1994 Rate Manual is a 120-page document that provides step-by-step directives regarding annual adjustments to solid waste rates in the City. Though the 1994 Rate Manual specifically references the City of San Luis Obispo, other agencies in San Luis Obispo County (including the nine Agencies referenced in this report) also follow the 1994 Rate Manual for annual adjustments to solid waste rates. The 1994 Rate Manual established a three-year cycle for adjustments to solid waste rates. The first year of each three-year cycle (called a “base year”) adjusted rates based on the documented costs of providing solid waste services. In the second and third years, solid waste rates were adjusted in accordance with external indicators, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI). While the 1994 Rate Manual was an appropriate approach to annually adjusting solid waste rates at the time, changing regulatory conditions and modern best practices in solid waste rate setting indicate that the prior approach has outlived its usefulness. In particular, cost-based adjustments on a fixed three-year cycle are no longer the industry norm. Most solid waste rate adjustment methodologies in California today either do not include regular cost-based adjustments or do so less frequently. When allowed, cost-based adjustments are typically the result of extraordinary changes in cost due to factors like changes in law or other uncontrollable factors (such as China’s National Sword Policy in 2017 and the COVID pandemic in 2020). Additionally, step-by-step instructions and timelines in the 1994 Rate Manual are outdated and do not contemplate current approaches to public noticing, public hearings, and review timelines for authorizing rate adjustments. RFQ for New Rate Adjustment Methodology Recognizing the limitations of the 1994 Rate Manual, the City and Los Osos Community Services District issued a request for quotes (RFQ) in early 2024 seeking a consultant to develop a new rate adjustment methodology. Pursuant to the RFQ process, R3 was awarded an agreement to provide support in developing a new rate adjustment methodology. Rate Adjustment History Rate adjustments experienced by the City and participating Agencies have varied significantly in the prior ten years from 2015 through 2024, as shown in Table 2, on the following page. As shown in the table, rate adjustments by agency have varied from 0% (most Agencies in 2015) to over 20% (most Agencies in 2022). There are important reasons for these variances, primarily related to the unfunded State mandates of SB 1383 (Short-lived Climate Pollutants Act) which required all agencies in California to implement programs to recover and recycle organic waste to reduce methane emissions from landfills. While rate adjustments were necessary to fund the required SB 1383 programs, the combination of new costs with the three-year cost-based adjustment approach in the 1994 Rate Manual resulted in rate adjustment spikes in 2016, 2019, and 2022. Overall, across the Agencies, the average annual rate adjustment from 2015 through 2024 has been 6.76%. One important objective of the new rate adjustment methodology is to minimize the recurrence of such spikes by reducing the frequency of cost-based rate adjustments. From R3’s experience implanting new rate methodologies with other clients, the result has been stable and predictable annual rate adjustments. Page 153 of 174 Background City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 5 of 19 Table 2: 2015 – 2024 Rate Adjustments by Agency Agency 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 City of San Luis Obispo 0.00% 5.25% 1.00% 1.60% 13.70% 1.70% 0.70% 17.75% 9.10% 3.00% City of Arroyo Grande 0.00% 3.25% 1.00% 1.60% 10.06% 1.70% 0.70% 22.19% 9.10% 3.00% Los Osos CSD 2.00% 10.37% 1.00% 1.60% 25.74% 1.70% 0.70% 41.87% 7.70% 2.70% City of Pismo Beach 0.00% 3.25% 1.00% 1.60% 10.06% 1.70% 0.70% 22.19% 9.10% 3.00% Cambria CSD 1.92% 9.93% 1.00% 1.60% 25.32% 1.70% 0.70% 41.50% 9.10% 3.00% City of Grover Beach 0.00% 3.25% 1.00% 1.60% 10.06% 1.70% 0.70% 22.19% 9.10% 3.00% Nipomo CSD 0.00% 0.00% 1.00% 1.60% 15.08% 1.70% 0.70% 21.27% 9.10% 3.00% Oceano CSD 0.00% 3.25% 1.00% 1.60% 10.06% 1.70% 0.70% 21.03% 9.10% 3.00% Cayucos SD 2.00% 27.39% 1.00% 1.60% 26.43% 1.70% 0.70% 43.30% 9.10% 3.00% Avila Beach CSD 0.00% 3.25% 1.00% 1.60% 10.06% 1.70% 0.70% 22.19% 9.10% 3.00% Financial Statement History There are three Waste Connections business units serving the ten participating Agencies (San Luis Garbage, Mission Country Disposal, and South County Sanitary Service). Each business unit prepares annual audited financial statements which are used as the basis for base year rate applications to the Agencies. R3 analyzed Waste Connections’ audited financial statements for the six years from 2018 through 2023 to evaluate profit achievement, with the results summarized in Table 3, below. Table 3 also includes estimated profit achievement in 2024 (still underway) and for 2025 (prior to 2025 rate adjustments). Table 3: 2018 – 2023 Profit Achievement Business Unit 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 San Luis Garbage -13.84% -16.84% -9.66% -3.41% 12.47% 6.30% -0.64% -6.62% Mission Country Disposal -19.26% -30.77% -9.28% -19.84% -10.21% 2.47% -4.09% -8.95% South County Sanitary Service 5.38% 1.40% 0.25% -5.56% 5.93% 15.85% 8.43% 2.38% Overall -7.22% -12.45% -5.22% -7.88% 4.66% 9.67% 2.61% -3.16% Page 154 of 174 Background City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 6 of 19 As shown in Table 3, in total across all three business units, Waste Connections operated without any net income between 2018 and 2021, with net positive profitability being achieved in 2022 and 2023. Profit achievement varied by business unit, with South County Sanitary Service consistently experiencing greater profit achievement and Mission Country Disposal consistently experiencing lesser or no profit achievement. This is one of the key reasons that rate adjustments for the Agencies served by Mission Country Disposal (Cambria Community Services District, Cayucos Sanitary District, and Los Osos Community Services District) were higher than the other Agencies in 2019 and 2022. Table 3 also shows that projected profit achievement in 2024 will be lower than 2023, which is primarily the result of Waste Connections incurring increased landfill disposal costs (provided by a related party) and increased organics processing costs (provided by a non-affiliated third party processor). Projected profit achievement for 2025 – which, importantly, is prior to 2025 adjustments to solid waste rates – demonstrates no net profit for San Luis Garbage and Mission County Disposal and low net income for South County Sanitary Service. Overall, without adjustments to rates, Waste Connections service to the Agencies in 2025 will not yield net income. It should be noted that Waste Connections allocates costs between business units based on allocation metrics that include vehicle operating hours, number of solid waste containers, and number of customer accounts. While such metrics are useful means of allocating costs, they do not necessarily represent the exact cost of providing service within a given business unit. Rate Comparison R3 compared current 2024 solid waste rates for the Agencies to rates in other jurisdictions in San Luis Obispo County, Santa Barbara County, and Monterey County. The results are shown in Table 4, below and on the following page, and are organized in ascending order by 32-gallon monthly rate (common residential subscription level). Table 4: Regional Comparison of Monthly Rates Agency 20 Gallon 32 Gallon 64 Gallon 96 Gallon 2 Cubic Yards Oceano CSD N/A $20.37 $29.31 $57.39 $128.75 San Luis Obispo $14.74 $23.53 $47.06 $70.59 $185.21 Pismo Beach N/A $23.76 $47.56 $71.33 $166.02 Grover Beach N/A $24.23 $32.74 $41.23 $147.95 Arroyo Grande N/A $27.33 $35.52 $43.73 $167.65 Nipomo CSD N/A $27.57 $39.52 $51.81 $136.62 Avila Beach CSD N/A $28.31 $46.78 $65.24 $177.68 Santa Barbara County Zone 4 Lompoc N/A $31.41 $36.13 $40.70 $179.98 Cayucos SD N/A $32.60 $38.52 $44.48 $184.32 Santa Barbara County Zone 5 N/A $33.03 $37.84 $42.46 $192.87 City of Atascadero N/A $33.67 $52.80 $66.35 $172.24 San Miguel N/A $34.13 $53.80 $72.88 $124.12 Santa Barbara County Zone 4 Santa Ynez N/A $34.33 $42.62 $50.77 $254.11 City of Morro Bay $22.21 $35.54 $71.07 $106.63 $265.30 Solvang N/A $36.28 $45.20 $54.69 $256.55 Page 155 of 174 Background City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 7 of 19 Agency 20 Gallon 32 Gallon 64 Gallon 96 Gallon 2 Cubic Yards Goleta N/A $37.39 $41.88 $48.35 $240.10 Templeton N/A $38.73 $54.63 $60.41 $149.58 Los Osos CSD $27.74 $39.45 $60.57 $64.96 $228.72 Buellton N/A $40.51 $48.40 $56.38 $281.13 Cambria CSD N/A $41.52 $83.03 $124.55 $201.94 King City $32.43 $42.83 $53.68 $63.52 $288.00 Santa Barbara County Zone 2 N/A $43.25 $54.66 $65.92 $259.61 City of Paso Robles $38.15 $43.32 $57.42 $63.59 $188.36 Santa Barbara County Zone 3 N/A $45.22 $51.52 $57.75 $215.72 MRWMD $38.28 $46.54 $72.92 $91.20 $277.20 City of Santa Barbara N/A $48.26 $59.82 $71.38 $277.66 WM Area (Formerly Mid-State) N/A $48.72 $71.31 $93.84 $214.46 Santa Barbara County Zone 1 N/A $56.60 $62.86 $69.25 $256.74 Santa Maria N/A N/A $38.74 $47.87 $166.72 Table 4 demonstrates that solid waste rates for the City and other Participating Agencies compare favorably to others in the region. Charts 1 through 4, below and on the following pages, show the information from Table 4 in graphical format. Chart 1: Regional Comparison of Monthly 32-gallon Cart Rates Chart 1, which is organized in ascending order of 32-gallon monthly rate, demonstrates that the rates for 32-gallon monthly service (the most subscribed residential service level) for all Participating Agencies $0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 Oceano CSDSan Luis ObispoPismo BeachGrover BeachArroyo GrandeNipomo CSDAvila Beach CSDSanta Barbara County…Cayucos SDSanta Barbara County…City of AtascaderoSan MiguelSanta Barbara County…City of Morro BaySolvangGoletaTempletonLos Osos CSDBuelltonCambria CSDKing CitySanta Barbara County…City of Paso RoblesSanta Barbara County…MRWMDCity of Santa BarbaraWM Area (Formerly Mid-…Santa Barbara County…Santa MariaPage 156 of 174 Background City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 8 of 19 other than Cambria Community Services District, Cayucos Sanitary District, and Los Osos Community Services District are the lowest in the region. Chart 2 shows how 64-gallon monthly rates compare. Chart 2: Regional Comparison of Monthly 64-gallon Cart Rates Chart 3: Regional Comparison of Monthly 96-gallon Cart Rates $0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 $70 $80 $90 Oceano CSDSan Luis ObispoPismo BeachGrover BeachArroyo GrandeNipomo CSDAvila Beach CSDSanta Barbara County…Cayucos SDSanta Barbara County…City of AtascaderoSan MiguelSanta Barbara County…City of Morro BaySolvangGoletaTempletonLos Osos CSDBuelltonCambria CSDKing CitySanta Barbara County…City of Paso RoblesSanta Barbara County…MRWMDCity of Santa BarbaraWM Area (Formerly Mid-…Santa Barbara County…Santa Maria$0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 Oceano CSDSan Luis ObispoPismo BeachGrover BeachArroyo GrandeNipomo CSDAvila Beach CSDSanta Barbara County…Cayucos SDSanta Barbara County…City of AtascaderoSan MiguelSanta Barbara County…City of Morro BaySolvangGoletaTempletonLos Osos CSDBuelltonCambria CSDKing CitySanta Barbara County…City of Paso RoblesSanta Barbara County…MRWMDCity of Santa BarbaraWM Area (Formerly Mid-…Santa Barbara County…Santa MariaPage 157 of 174 Background City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 9 of 19 Charts 3 and 4 keep the same ordering as Charts 1 and 2 and show how large residential 96-gallon service and commercial two (2) cubic yard bin service compare with the region. Overall, while exceptions exist, rates for solid waste service for the City and the Participating Agencies are among the lowest in the region, including San Luis Obispo County, Santa Barbara County, and Monterey County. Chart 4: Regional Comparison of Monthly 2 Cubic Yard Rates $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 Oceano CSDSan Luis ObispoPismo BeachGrover BeachArroyo GrandeNipomo CSDAvila Beach CSDSanta Barbara County…Cayucos SDSanta Barbara County…City of AtascaderoSan MiguelSanta Barbara County…City of Morro BaySolvangGoletaTempletonLos Osos CSDBuelltonCambria CSDKing CitySanta Barbara County…City of Paso RoblesSanta Barbara County…MRWMDCity of Santa BarbaraWM Area (Formerly Mid-…Santa Barbara County…Santa MariaPage 158 of 174 3. NEW RATE ADJUSTMENT METHODOLOGY AND 2025 RATES City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 10 of 19 2025 Base Year Rate Adjustments Waste Connections submitted base year rate applications to the Agencies for rates effective January 1, 2025.1 Those rate applications were prepared in accordance with the 1994 Rate Manual, with modification for an effectiveness date of January 1, 2025, instead of the October 1, 2024 date that otherwise would have been the effective date given strict adherence to the 1994 Rate Manual. In simple terms, the applications project future 2025 costs for providing solid waste services based on the actual costs of providing services as follows: 》 Actual results for the most recently completed year (2023), which are based on the audited financial statements. 》 Projected results for the current year (2024), which are to be based on year-to-date information available at the time the application is submitted. 》 Projected results for the next year (2025). Adjustments to solid waste rates are then calculated based on the projected 2025 revenue requirement, which is the sum of: 》 Allowed costs. 》 Allowable operating profit. 》 Pass through costs. In reviewing the 2025 base year rate applications for the Agencies, R3: 》 Checked calculations for mathematical accuracy and consistency. 》 Tied projected costs back to the 2023 audited financial statements. 》 Evaluated the root causes of extraordinary changes in cost for landfilling and organics processing. 》 Reviewed 2024 revenues year to date to determine accuracy of projected revenues at current rates for 2025. 》 Proposed adjustments to solid waste collection vehicle depreciation lifetimes. A summary of Waste Connections’ original 2025 base year rate adjustments per the applications submitted to the Agencies is included as Attachment 1. It should be noted that Waste Connections’ base year rate applications are made at the business unit level (San Luis Garbage, Mission Country Disposal, and South County Sanitary Service) with no allocation of projected costs to individual Agencies served by those business units. Rather, the base year rate adjustment applications use total costs and revenues for those business units to calculate rate adjustments for the individual Agencies. For the purposes of our analysis, and as documented in Attachment 1, R3 allocated projected expenses by agency in accordance with proportion of revenues – this allocation approach is what the base year rate application achieve in practice, and the result is an exact match to the rate adjustment calculations included in the base year rate applications for each agency. 1 Authorization of the January 1, 2025 rate adjustments are expected to occur after that date. Waste Connections will prorate adjustment amounts on customer bills to account for the timing difference. Page 159 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 11 of 19 R3 thoroughly reviewed the figures included in the 2025 rate adjustment calculations, as well as supporting documentation requested of Waste Connections during the review process and found that Waste Connections’ rate applications were accurate and in accordance with the 1994 Rate Manual. The rate adjustments shown in Table 5 on the following page are the correct rate adjustments per the 1994 Rate Manual and are the default rate adjustments effective January 1, 2025, if the City and the Participating Agencies do not move forward with revisions to the 2025 rates in accordance with the new rate adjustment methodology. Table 5: 2025 Rate Adjustments Per 1994 Rate Manual Agency January 1, 2025, Default Rate Adjustment City of San Luis Obispo 9.29% City of Arroyo Grande 3.97% Los Osos CSD 12.47% City of Pismo Beach 3.97% Cambria CSD 12.78% City of Grover Beach 3.97% Nipomo CSD 3.23% Oceano CSD 3.97% Cayucos SD 12.47% Avila Beach CSD 3.97% Revisions for New Rate Adjustment Methodology In negotiating the terms and conditions of a new rate adjustment methodology starting in 2026, the City and Waste Connections made the following revisions to the 2025 base year rate adjustments: Updated Depreciation Lifespan for Trucks The 1994 Rate Manual set a 7-year depreciation schedule for solid waste collection trucks. Modern solid waste collection trucks have a 10-year lifespan, and the depreciation schedule was adjusted by Waste Connections accordingly. Table 6, on the following page, shows the dollar magnitude of this change and the effect on the 2025 rate adjustment, with the effect being a reduction in the rate adjustment calculation ranging from 1.33% to 1.62%, depending on agency. Differences in effect by agency are the result of business unit allocations described earlier in this report. Page 160 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 12 of 19 Table 6: Change in Depreciation Lifespan San Luis Obispo Los Osos CSD Cambria CSD Cayucos SD Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Avila CSD Original Depreciation $1,338,367 $376,989 $295,515 $131,502 $398,063 $316,350 $236,919 $225,376 $114,616 $26,441 Revised Depreciation 1,125,720 317,545 248,918 110,766 336,460 267,393 200,254 190,498 96,879 22,349 Change in Calculations (212,647) (59,444) (46,597) (20,735) (61,603) (48,957) (36,665) (34,878) (17,737) (4,092) Effect on Rate Adjustment -1.47% -1.62% -1.62% -1.62% -1.33% -1.33% -1.33% -1.33% -1.33% -1.33% Removed Limitation on Corporate Overhead The 1994 Rate Manual placed a limitation on corporate overhead costs. Today, corporate overhead costs fund legal, tax, payroll, human resources, engineering, compliance, IT, training and recruiting programs. The City and Waste Connections agreed to remove the prior limitation in order to fund these services. Table 7, below, shows the effect of removing the prior limitation on corporate overhead. Differences in effect by agency are the result of different original proportionate amounts of corporate overhead between Agencies. In the near-term, compensation to Waste Connections for corporate overhead will be limited by the CPI adjustment noted above. Cost-based adjustments to corporate overhead are possible in 2030, and will be subject to review, justification, and potential limitation at that time. Table 7: Change in Corporate Overhead San Luis Obispo Los Osos CSD Cambria CSD Cayucos SD Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Avila CSD Original Corporate Overhead $246,296 $46,213 $36,226 $16,120 $93,625 $74,406 $55,724 $53,009 $26,958 $6,219 Revised Corporate Overhead 430,378 80,753 63,301 28,168 163,600 130,017 97,371 92,627 47,106 10,867 Change in Calculations 184,082 34,540 27,075 12,048 69,975 55,611 41,648 39,619 20,148 4,648 Effect on Rate Adjustment 1.28% 0.94% 0.94% 0.94% 1.51% 1.51% 1.51% 1.51% 1.51% 1.51% Page 161 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 13 of 19 50% Cost Share for Regional Service Enhancements Waste Connections is offering new service enhancement to the benefit of the City and the Agencies including: 》 Collection of a bulky waste item twice annually from residential accounts at no cost, via clean-up week or voucher program depending on existing program. 》 Once annual exchange of a residential solid waste, recycling, or organics cart per customer account. Waste Connections has estimated the annual cost of offering these service regionally and is proposing recovery of 50% of the projected costs via the 2025 rate adjustment. The City and Waste Connections have tentatively agreed to this cost sharing as part of the new agreement and for inclusion in the 2025 rates. Waste Connections is proposing the low income discount customer assistance program without a change in rate adjustment. Table 8, below, shows the effect of including the 50% cost sharing for these two service enhancements into the 2025 rate adjustment. Cost allocations are by percentage of accounts by agency, which is the reason for differences in the effect of rate adjustment by agency. Table 8: 50% Cost Share for Service Enhancements San Luis Obispo Los Osos CSD Cambria CSD Cayucos SD Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Avila CSD New Annual Cart Exchange $26,376 $9,889 $7,223 $3,623 $11,445 $7,566 $8,179 $7,987 $3,681 $320 Bulky Clean-up Enhancements 21,091 7,908 5,776 2,897 9,152 6,050 6,540 6,386 2,944 256 Change in Calculations 47,467 17,797 12,999 6,520 20,597 13,616 14,719 14,373 6,625 576 Effect on Rate Adjustment 0.33% 0.48% 0.45% 0.51% 0.45% 0.37% 0.54% 0.55% 0.50% 0.19% Corrections to AB 939 Fees Agency fees, which include AB 939 Fees and Franchise Fees, are included as estimates in rate adjustment applications. Because the rate applications are at the company business unit level, and not at the individual agency level, AB 939 fees in the application are allocated to the Agencies in proportion to revenues. However, only the City of San Luis Obispo and Cayucos Sanitary District receive AB 939 Fees – therefore this was corrected in the revised 2025 rate adjustments as shown in Table 9, on the following page. Note that the values for the City of San Luis Obispo also include a correction to Franchise Fee revenues.2 2 Specifically, to remove the 1994 Rate Manual’s approach to “grossing up” the calculated rate adjustment to account for the Franchise Fee by including the projected Franchise Fee payment amounts in the rate adjustment calculation itself. This approach is also recommended for the other Agencies starting with the 2026 rate adjustment. Page 162 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 14 of 19 Table 9: Corrections to AB 939 Fees San Luis Obispo Los Osos CSD Cambria CSD Cayucos SD Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Avila CSD Original Agency Fees $362,140 $5,226 $4,097 $1,823 $- $- $- $- $- $- Revised Agency Fees 439,411 - - 12,754 - - - - - - Change in Calculations 77,2713 (5,226) (4,097) 10,931 - - - - - - Effect on Rate Adjustment 0.54% -0.14% -0.14% 0.85% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Updated Profit Allowance The 1994 Rate Manual, along with the Agencies agreements with Waste Connections, limits allowable profit based on an “operating ratio” of 92% or 93% of allowable collection expenses (not including post- collection disposal, processing or recycling expenses nor agency fees) depending on the agency. A 93% operating ratio is the equivalent of a 7.53% profit margin, and a 92% operating ratio is the equivalent of an 8.7% profit margin. A key negotiation point between the City and Waste Connections was a change to the profit allowance. Ultimately, after much discussion and negotiation, the City and Waste Connections agreed that the 2025 rate adjustment will include a 9% profit allowance of projected allowable collection costs and in 2026 and thereafter the profit allowance will be 10%. The updated profit allowance is in-keeping with industry standards for solid waste services. For context, the 2025 profit allowance is approximately 5% of revenues and we estimate that the 2026 profit allowance will be approximately 5.5% of revenues. Table 10, on the following page, shows the effect of changing the profit allowance to 9% of collection costs for all Agencies for the 2025 rate adjustments. Differences in the effect on rate adjustment are due to differences in existing profit allowances by agency, as well as differences in the depreciation, corporate overhead and new service enhancements shown in earlier tables. 3 Includes adjustment to Franchise Fee to remove “grossing up” method from City’s 2025 rate adjustment calculations. Page 163 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 15 of 19 Table 10: 9% Profit Allowance on Allowable Collection Costs San Luis Obispo Los Osos CSD Cambria CSD Cayucos SD Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Avila CSD Original Profit Allowance $641,302 $188,392 $170,609 $65,715 $227,094 $180,477 $135,161 $111,295 $65,388 $15,085 Revised Profit Allowance 768,515 224,623 175,993 78,382 237,649 188,618 141,665 134,797 68,490 15,714 Change in Calculations 127,213 36,231 5,384 12,667 10,555 8,141 6,504 23,502 3,102 629 Effect on Rate Adjustment 0.88% 0.99% 0.19% 0.99% 0.23% 0.22% 0.24% 0.90% 0.23% 0.20% Total Revisions for New Rate Adjustment Methodology Taken altogether, the revisions to the 2025 rate adjustment result in small increases to the original 2025 rate adjustment calculations. These are shown in Table 11, on the following page, and are also shown in Attachment 2. Page 164 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 16 of 19 Table 11: Overall Revisions to 2025 Rate Adjustments San Luis Obispo Los Osos CSD Cambria CSD Cayucos SD Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Avila CSD Original 2025 Revenue Calculation $15,640,734 $4,089,595 $3,228,699 $1,426,540 $4,786,646 $3,804,059 $2,848,911 $2,692,832 $1,378,241 $317,951 Change in Depreciation (212,647) (59,444) (46,597) (20,735) (61,603) (48,957) (36,665) (34,878) (17,737) (4,092) Change in Corporate Overhead 184,082 34,540 27,075 12,048 69,975 55,611 41,648 39,619 20,148 4,648 Enhanced Services 47,467 17,797 12,999 6,520 20,597 13,616 14,719 14,373 6,625 576 Updated Profit Allowance 127,213 36,231 5,384 12,667 10,555 8,141 6,504 23,502 3,102 629 Corrections to AB 939 Fees 77,271 (5,226) (4,097) 10,931 - - - - - - Revised 2025 Revenue Calculation 15,864,119 4,113,493 3,223,463 1,447,971 4,826,170 3,832,470 2,875,118 2,735,447 1,390,379 319,712 Revenues at Current Rates 14,435,726 3,677,194 2,882,493 1,282,686 4,621,616 3,672,906 2,750,690 2,616,676 1,330,724 306,989 Shortfall (1,428,393) (436,299) (340,970) (165,285) (204,554) (159,564) (124,428) (118,771) (59,655) (12,724) Revised 2025 Rate Adjustment4 9.89% 13.18% 12.59% 14.32% 4.92% 4.82% 5.02% 5.04% 4.98% 4.60% Proportionality in Cost of Service R3 analyzed the 2025 rate adjustments for adequacy with respect to the cost-of-service requirements of Proposition 218. Because the base year rate adjustment methodology is based on the documented cost of provided solid waste services as expressed in Waste Connections’ audited financial statements, we find that the current and proposed solid waste service rates will generate revenues sufficient to cover the cost-of-providing service plus a reasonable profit allowance commensurate with normal expectations in the solid waste industry. R3 also analyzed the proposed solid waste service rates for adequacy with respect to proportionate allocation of costs among solid waste service customers. R3 found that the current (and thus also 4 Rate adjustments shown include grossing up for franchise fees per 1994 Rate Manual methodology, except for San Luis Obispo. Page 165 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 17 of 19 proposed) solid waste rate structure proportionately allocates costs to service types and container sizes based on the relative differences in cost associated with the types of services provided to customers. For example, for customers subscribing to 60- or 90-gallon cart solid waste service, the per-gallon cost-of- service for those subscribed to the larger container size (90-gallons) is proportionately less than those subscribed to the smaller container size (60-gallons). This is because solid waste service is comprised of both fixed and variable costs, with the fixed cost portion being for the cost of collection (labor, fuel, capital equipment, and other shared costs) as well as the costs related to post-collection disposal, processing, recycling and composting. Thus, the cost-of-service for the larger container size (90-gallons) has a lesser proportion of fixed costs to variable costs compared to the smaller (60-gallon) container size. Factors Affecting 2025 Rate Adjustments Overall, for the Agencies and the three Waste Connections business units, the 2025 rate adjustments reflect an 8.12% increase in revenues to meet increased costs and revised profit allowances. The largest contributors to the overall increase are: 》 Increases in organics processing costs – Third-party costs for the organic waste post- collection processing facility operated by the company formerly named Hitachi Zosen INOVA, and which are not within Waste Connections’ control, have doubled since 2022. The change in cost is the result of changes in facility capital and operating costs. 》 Increases in landfill disposal costs – Related party costs for landfill waste disposal at Cold Canyon have remained flat since 2016. The 2025 rate adjustment reflects a market adjustment to these costs, from a per ton tipping fee of $41 per ton (in place since 2016) to a per ton tipping fee of $70. Waste Connections provided market comparison demonstrating the applicability of the $70 per ton market tipping fee. Other factors play minor roles in the 2025 rate adjustment: 》 Collection costs including labor, vehicles, operating expenses and overhead – These costs are increasing in proportion to the Consumer Price Index and are projected to increase by 3.20% in 2024 and 4.21% for 2025. 》 Agency fees – These costs are mostly proportionate to changes in rates and are projected to increase by 2.22% in 2024 and 3.30% in 2025. Overall, collection services comprise the single largest component overall rate funded expenses, at 56% of total rate revenues. Post-collection services are the next largest component of rate funding, at 29% of total rate revenues. Agency fees comprise 10% of rate revenues and profit allowance comprises 5% of rate revenues. This is demonstrated in Chart 5, on the following page. Page 166 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 18 of 19 Chart 5: Summary Components of 2025 Rate Revenues New Rate Adjustment Methodology The City and Waste Connections negotiated a new methodology for adjusting rates starting in 2026, which are summarized below. R3 is preparing an exhibit to the City’s new agreement with Waste Connections that will further detail the terms and conditions of the new methodology in accordance with the following points, which have been tentatively agreed to by the parties. The exhibit will be finalized and ready for distribution to the Agencies on or around November 18, 2024. It is recommended that the Agencies bring forward the exhibit as an amendment to their agreements with Waste Connections when considering the 2025 rate adjustments, which is anticipated to occur in January 2025. The features of the new methodology include: 》 CPI Adjustments: Starting in 2026, rate adjustments will be based on the Garbage and Trash CPI, with a floor of 2% and a cap of 5%. Amounts under 2% or over 5% will carry forward. The CPI adjustment will apply to Waste Connections’ collection and post-collection cost centers. The proposed CPI is the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers for Garbage and Trash in the United States, all City average. Details and prior results for this CPI are included in Attachment 3. This is the same CPI used by Waste Connections in preparing its 2025 base year application. 》 Updated Profit Allowance: As stated previously, the 2025 rate adjustment includes a 9% profit allowance of projected collection costs. The City and Waste Connections have tentatively agreed that, in 2026 and thereafter, the profit allowance will be 10% of collection costs. 》 Revenue Balancing Mechanism: Starting in 2027, adjustments to rates will account for shortfalls or surpluses in Waste Connections’ actual revenues compared to projected revenues from prior years. For example, if Waste Connections’ 2025 revenues exceed projections, the amount of surplus revenues will be credited to the rates in 2027 (and vice versa), achieving fairness in compensation and rates for the company and for ratepayers. Such adjustments would take place annually and will be independent of the CPI cap and floor noted above. 》 Less Frequent Cost-Based Adjustments: Currently, solid waste rates are adjusted based on the 1994 Rate Manual every three years on Waste Connections’ costs. Via the new methodology, Collection Services 56% Post- Collection Services 29% Agency Fees 10% Profit Allowance 5% Page 167 of 174 New Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates City of San Luis Obispo | New Solid Waste Rate Adjustment Methodology and 2025 Rates 19 of 19 cost-based adjustments would occur a maximum of every five years, and only if requested by Waste Connections or the City. The first opportunity for a cost-based adjustment will be for the 2030 rate year. If neither Waste Connections nor the City request a cost-based adjustment, then the CPI adjustment approach will be applied. Cost-based adjustments will be based on Waste Connections’ consolidated audited financial statements for the region. Timeframes for cost-based adjustment application and review process will be ample, such that the City will have sufficient time for review and approval processes and such that the potential for delay in implementation is minimized. 》 Extraordinary Adjustments: The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Advanced Clean Fleets (ACF) regulation is requiring all solid waste collection trucks to be zero emissions in 2042. This includes a phased in plan to get the percentage of the fleet to be zero emission vehicle (ZEV) with 10% by 2030, 25% by 2033, 50% by 2036,75% by 2039 and100% by 2042. During CPI Adjustment years, Waste Connections may request extraordinary rate adjustments due to changes in law affecting collection operations, including for compliance with CARB’s ACF zero emission mandate (which may necessitate change to depreciation schedules). The City may, but is not obligated to, consider requests for extraordinary rate adjustments due to changes in law affective post-collection operations. Requests for extraordinary change are subject to good faith meet and confer negotiations between City and Waste Connections. Example Calculations for 2026 through 2029 R3 has prepared example calculations of projected rate adjustments for 2026 through 2029 based on the tentatively agreed to terms and conditions outlined above (including adjustment to 10% profit allowance on collection services starting in 2026). Table 12, below, demonstrates this example for the City of San Luis Obispo, and Attachment 4 provides examples for all Agencies. Note that the example in Table 12 and Attachment 4 includes the following assumptions: 》 CPI at the 5% cap (note that CPI below the 5% cap will result in lower rate adjustments) 》 Revenue reconciliation at 1% below annual rate revenue projections (note that amounts above rate revenue projections will offset rate adjustments, not add to them). 》 Discontinuance of the prior Franchise Fee grossing method on rate adjustment for all Agencies starting in 2026. Table 12: Example Calculation of New Rate Methodology for the City of San Luis Obispo 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services $8,539,055 $8,966,008 $9,414,308 $9,885,024 $10,379,275 Profit Allowance 768,515 896,601 941,431 988,502 1,037,927 Post-Collection Services 4,602,096 4,832,201 5,073,811 5,327,501 5,593,876 Franchise Fee 1,586,412 1,675,695 1,777,106 1,866,072 1,959,572 AB 939 Fee 368,041 386,443 405,765 426,053 447,356 Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A 158,641 167,569 177,711 Total Revenues 15,864,119 16,756,947 17,771,062 18,660,722 19,595,717 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.63% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Page 168 of 174 San Luis Obispo Los Osos Cambria Cayucos Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo Oceano Avila Single Family Residential $ 5,282,964 $ 2,795,167 $ 2,201,010 $ 987,376 $ 2,379,516 $ 1,598,158 $ 1,580,148 $ 1,570,029 $ 684,117 $ 91,446 Multi-Family Dumpsters 2,556,077 - - - - - - - - - Non-Residential Carts 729,282 100,710 77,805 33,710 256,857 237,767 134,053 119,843 74,076 24,711 Non-Residential Dumpsters 5,846,777 776,244 599,701 259,830 1,979,781 1,832,640 1,033,238 923,712 570,958 190,469 Total Rate Revenue 14,415,100 3,672,121 2,878,516 1,280,916 4,616,154 3,668,565 2,747,439 2,613,584 1,329,151 306,626 Other Income (Allocated) 20,626 5,073 3,977 1,770 5,462 4,341 3,251 3,092 1,573 363 14,435,726 3,677,194 2,882,493 1,282,686 4,621,616 3,672,906 2,750,690 2,616,676 1,330,724 306,989 Labor 3,658,710 1,042,706 817,360 363,719 1,113,222 884,704 662,567 630,287 320,535 73,945 Depreciation 1,338,367 376,989 295,515 131,502 398,063 316,350 236,919 225,376 114,616 26,441 Insurance 1,124,499 316,418 248,035 110,374 329,978 262,241 196,396 186,828 95,012 21,919 Other G&A 976,729 282,701 221,605 98,612 304,307 241,840 181,117 172,293 87,621 20,213 Fuel 754,387 321,408 251,946 112,114 254,951 202,616 151,742 144,349 73,409 16,935 Maintenance 421,166 116,487 91,312 40,633 117,432 93,326 69,893 66,488 33,813 7,800 Corporate Overhead 246,296 46,213 36,226 16,120 93,625 74,406 55,724 53,009 26,958 6,219 Total Collection Services 8,520,154 2,502,921 1,961,999 873,074 2,611,578 2,075,482 1,554,357 1,478,629 751,964 173,473 Garbage Landfilling 2,408,278 349,264 273,782 121,831 508,314 403,969 302,538 287,798 146,361 33,765 Organics Processing 1,108,784 477,019 373,927 166,395 660,852 525,194 393,325 374,162 190,282 43,897 Recyclables Processing 916,880 173,112 135,700 60,385 270,385 214,881 160,927 153,087 77,853 17,960 Affiliated Party Costs 168,154 57,121 44,776 19,925 46,128 36,659 27,455 26,117 13,282 3,064 Total Post-Collection & Affiliated Party Services 4,602,096 1,056,516 828,185 368,536 1,485,678 1,180,703 884,245 841,165 427,778 98,686 Franchise Fee 1,515,042 336,540 263,809 117,393 462,296 367,397 275,149 261,744 133,111 30,708 AB 939 Fee 362,140 5,226 4,097 1,823 - - - - - - Total Pass-Through Services 1,877,182 341,766 267,905 119,216 462,296 367,397 275,149 261,744 133,111 30,708 14,999,432 3,901,203 3,058,090 1,360,825 4,559,552 3,623,582 2,713,750 2,581,537 1,312,853 302,866 641,302 188,392 170,609 65,715 227,094 180,477 135,161 111,295 65,388 15,085 15,640,734 4,089,595 3,228,699 1,426,540 4,786,646 3,804,059 2,848,911 2,692,832 1,378,241 317,951 (1,205,008) (412,401) (346,206) (143,854) (165,030) (131,153) (98,222) (76,155) (47,518) (10,962) 8.36%11.22%12.01%11.22%3.57%3.57%3.57%2.91%3.57%3.57% 9.29%12.47%12.78%12.47%3.97%3.97%3.97%3.23%3.76%3.97%Grossing up for Franchise Fees Category Calculated Adjustment to Rate Revenues Attachment 1: Summary of Waste Connections' Original 2025 Rate Application Calculations Total Compensation for Services Allowed Operating Margin Total Revenue Requirement Surplus (Shortfall) Collection Services Post-Collection & Affiliated Party Services Pass-Through Services San Luis Garbage Company (SLG)Mission Country Disposal (MCD)South County Sanitary Service (SCSS) Total Current Revenues Current Revenues Page 169 of 174 San Luis Obispo Los Osos Cambria Cayucos Arroyo Grande Pismo Beach Grover Beach Nipomo Oceano Avila Single Family Residential $ 5,282,964 $ 2,795,167 $ 2,201,010 $ 987,376 $ 2,379,516 $ 1,598,158 $ 1,580,148 $ 1,570,029 $ 684,117 $ 91,446 Multi-Family Dumpsters 2,556,077 - - - - - - - - - Non-Residential Carts 729,282 100,710 77,805 33,710 256,857 237,767 134,053 119,843 74,076 24,711 Non-Residential Dumpsters 5,846,777 776,244 599,701 259,830 1,979,781 1,832,640 1,033,238 923,712 570,958 190,469 Total Rate Revenue 14,415,100 3,672,121 2,878,516 1,280,916 4,616,153 3,668,565 2,747,439 2,613,584 1,329,152 306,626 Other Income (Allocated) 20,626 5,073 3,977 1,770 5,462 4,341 3,251 3,092 1,573 363 14,435,726 3,677,194 2,882,493 1,282,686 4,621,615 3,672,905 2,750,689 2,616,676 1,330,724 306,989 Labor 3,658,710 1,042,706 817,360 363,719 1,113,222 884,704 662,567 630,287 320,536 73,945 Depreciation 1,125,720 317,545 248,918 110,766 336,460 267,393 200,254 190,498 96,879 22,349 Insurance 1,124,499 316,418 248,035 110,374 329,978 262,241 196,396 186,828 95,012 21,919 Other G&A 1,024,196 300,498 234,604 105,132 324,904 255,456 195,836 186,666 94,246 20,789 Fuel 754,387 321,408 251,946 112,114 254,951 202,616 151,742 144,349 73,409 16,935 Maintenance 421,167 116,487 91,312 40,633 117,431 93,326 69,893 66,488 33,813 7,800 Corporate Overhead 430,378 80,753 63,301 28,168 163,600 130,017 97,371 92,627 47,106 10,867 Total Collection Services 8,539,055 2,495,814 1,955,476 870,906 2,640,547 2,095,751 1,574,059 1,497,742 761,000 174,605 Garbage Landfilling 2,408,278 349,264 273,782 121,831 508,314 403,969 302,538 287,798 146,361 33,765 Organics Processing 1,108,784 477,019 373,927 166,395 660,852 525,194 393,325 374,162 190,282 43,897 Recyclables Processing 916,880 173,112 135,700 60,385 270,385 214,881 160,927 153,087 77,853 17,960 Affiliated Party Costs 168,154 57,121 44,776 19,925 46,128 36,659 27,455 26,117 13,282 3,064 Total Post-Collection & Affiliated Party Services 4,602,096 1,056,516 828,185 368,536 1,485,678 1,180,703 884,245 841,164 427,779 98,686 Franchise Fee 1,586,412 336,540 263,809 117,393 462,296 367,397 275,149 261,744 133,111 30,708 AB 939 Fee 368,041 - - 12,754 - - - - - - Total Pass-Through Services 1,954,453 336,540 263,809 130,147 462,296 367,397 275,149 261,744 133,111 30,708 15,095,604 3,888,870 3,047,470 1,369,589 4,588,521 3,643,852 2,733,452 2,600,650 1,321,890 303,998 768,515 224,623 175,993 78,382 237,649 188,618 141,665 134,797 68,490 15,714 15,864,119 4,113,493 3,223,463 1,447,971 4,826,170 3,832,470 2,875,117 2,735,447 1,390,380 319,712 (1,428,393) (436,299) (340,970) (165,285) (204,555) (159,564) (124,428) (118,771) (59,655) (12,724) 9.89%11.86%11.83%12.89%4.43%4.34%4.52%4.54%4.48%4.14% 13.18%12.59%14.32%4.92%4.82%5.02%5.04%4.98%4.60% 9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0%9.0% 10.0%10.0%6.0%10.0%10.0%10.0%10.0%10.0%10.0%10.0% Change to Original Rate Application 0.60%0.71%-0.19%1.85%0.95%0.85%1.05%1.81%1.22%0.63% Franchise Fee Allowed Operating Margin Total Revenue Requirement Surplus (Shortfall) Calculated Adjustment to Rate Revenues Grossing up for Franchise Fees Profit Margin on Collection Services (2025) Total Compensation for Services Attachment 2: Summary of Revised 2025 Rate Application Calculations Category San Luis Garbage Company (SLG)Mission Country Disposal (MCD)South County Sanitary Service (SCSS) Current Revenues Total Current Revenues Collection Services Post-Collection & Affiliated Party Services Pass-Through Services Page 170 of 174 Bureau of Labor Statistics ATTACHMENT 3 Series Id: Series Title: Area: Item: Base Period: Years: Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec HALF1 HALF2 Annual Change 2014 422.440 422.483 423.413 425.393 425.242 425.930 426.562 426.771 427.327 427.995 427.808 428.187 2015 427.734 429.248 429.235 429.807 431.234 430.813 431.229 432.967 433.843 434.829 436.428 436.996 1.46% 2016 437.205 438.296 437.699 437.676 438.317 437.858 438.607 439.358 439.707 440.311 443.343 444.745 1.71% 2017 446.266 447.699 446.987 447.129 447.272 448.046 448.328 448.717 449.008 452.196 453.820 453.596 2.20% 2018 453.354 454.915 455.230 458.722 462.887 465.041 465.579 470.457 471.026 472.535 486.650 485.935 458.358 475.364 3.96% 2019 475.687 477.474 478.569 479.449 480.865 480.984 482.138 483.987 484.346 486.133 486.485 486.708 478.838 484.966 3.22% 2020 491.003 494.429 495.288 494.432 494.946 496.679 498.564 500.882 501.756 503.315 504.970 508.190 494.463 502.946 3.49% 2021 512.722 517.270 518.505 518.579 516.440 517.202 521.185 524.408 529.934 530.114 529.053 532.538 516.786 527.872 4.74% 2022 533.078 538.313 540.719 542.564 544.546 547.554 548.187 548.706 558.254 561.090 563.816 565.185 541.129 557.540 5.17% 2023 570.412 575.697 576.773 580.124 587.431 589.812 596.167 597.347 596.997 597.569 601.631 602.164 580.042 598.646 7.28% 2024 606.773 610.551 610.015 611.073 609.538 611.946 614.089 615.880 609.983 3.71% 10-Year Average 3.69% U.S. city average Garbage and trash collection DECEMBER 1983=100 2014 to 2024 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) Original Data Value CUUR0000SEHG02 Not Seasonally Adjusted Garbage and trash collection in U.S. city average, all b t ll dj t d Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Generated on: October 8, 2024 (04:11:38 PM)Page 171 of 174 5%5%5%5% 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 8,539,055$ 8,539,055$ 8,966,008$ 9,414,308$ 9,885,024$ 10,379,275$ Profit Allowance 768,515 768,515 896,601 941,431 988,502 1,037,927 Post-Collection Services 4,602,096 4,602,096 4,832,201 5,073,811 5,327,501 5,593,876 Franchise Fee 1,586,412 1,586,412 1,675,695 1,777,106 1,866,072 1,959,572 AB 939 Fee 368,041 368,041 386,443 405,765 426,053 447,356 Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 158,641 167,569 177,711 Total Revenues 15,864,119 15,864,119 16,756,947 17,771,062 18,660,722 19,595,717 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.63% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(158,641) (167,569) (177,711) (186,607) (195,957) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 2,640,547$ 2,640,547$ 2,772,575$ 2,911,203$ 3,056,763$ 3,209,602$ Profit Allowance 237,649 237,649 277,257 291,120 305,676 320,960 Post-Collection Services 1,485,678 1,485,678 1,559,962 1,637,960 1,719,858 1,805,851 Franchise Fee 462,296 484,875 512,199 543,197 570,391 598,970 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 48,487 51,220 54,320 Total Revenues 4,826,170 4,848,749 5,121,993 5,431,968 5,703,909 5,989,703 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.64% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(48,487) (51,220) (54,320) (57,039) (59,897) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 2,495,814$ 2,495,814$ 2,620,605$ 2,751,635$ 2,889,217$ 3,033,677$ Profit Allowance 224,623 224,623 262,060 275,163 288,922 303,368 Post-Collection Services 1,056,516 1,056,516 1,109,341 1,164,808 1,223,049 1,284,201 Franchise Fee 336,540 419,661 443,556 470,397 493,949 518,698 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 41,966 44,356 47,040 Total Revenues 4,113,493 4,196,613 4,435,563 4,703,970 4,939,492 5,186,984 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.69% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(41,966) (44,356) (47,040) (49,395) (51,870) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 2,095,751$ 2,095,751$ 2,200,539$ 2,310,566$ 2,426,094$ 2,547,399$ Profit Allowance 188,618 188,618 220,054 231,057 242,609 254,740 Post-Collection Services 1,180,703 1,180,703 1,239,738 1,301,725 1,366,811 1,435,152 Franchise Fee 367,397 385,008 406,703 431,316 452,909 475,602 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 38,501 40,670 43,132 Total Revenues 3,832,470 3,850,080 4,067,035 4,313,165 4,529,095 4,756,025 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.64% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(38,501) (40,670) (43,132) (45,291) (47,560) Example CPI San Luis Obispo Attachment 4 - Indexed Rate Adjustment Methodology Example Calculations Arroyo Grande Los Osos CSD Pismo Beach Page 172 of 174 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 1,955,476$ 1,955,476$ 2,053,250$ 2,155,912$ 2,263,708$ 2,376,894$ Profit Allowance 175,993 175,993 205,325 215,591 226,371 237,689 Post-Collection Services 828,185 828,185 869,595 913,074 958,728 1,006,664 Franchise Fee 263,809 188,914 199,670 211,664 222,261 233,395 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 31,486 33,278 35,277 Total Revenues 3,223,463 3,148,569 3,327,840 3,527,727 3,704,346 3,889,920 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.69% 6.01% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(31,486) (33,278) (35,277) (37,043) (38,899) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 1,574,059$ 1,574,059$ 1,652,762$ 1,735,400$ 1,822,170$ 1,913,278$ Profit Allowance 141,665 141,665 165,276 173,540 182,217 191,328 Post-Collection Services 884,245 884,245 928,457 974,880 1,023,624 1,074,805 Franchise Fee 275,149 288,885 305,166 323,634 339,836 356,864 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 28,889 30,517 32,363 Total Revenues 2,875,117 2,888,854 3,051,661 3,236,343 3,398,364 3,568,639 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.64% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(28,889) (30,517) (32,363) (33,984) (35,686) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 1,497,742$ 1,497,742$ 1,572,629$ 1,651,261$ 1,733,824$ 1,820,515$ Profit Allowance 134,797 134,797 157,263 165,126 173,382 182,051 Post-Collection Services 841,164 841,164 883,223 927,384 973,753 1,022,441 Franchise Fee 261,744 274,856 290,346 307,917 323,333 339,533 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 27,486 29,035 30,792 Total Revenues 2,735,447 2,748,559 2,903,461 3,079,173 3,233,326 3,395,332 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.64% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(27,486) (29,035) (30,792) (32,333) (33,953) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 761,000$ 761,000$ 799,050$ 839,002$ 880,953$ 925,000$ Profit Allowance 68,490 68,490 79,905 83,900 88,095 92,500 Post-Collection Services 427,779 427,779 449,168 471,626 495,207 519,968 Franchise Fee 133,111 139,697 147,569 156,500 164,335 172,569 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 13,970 14,757 15,650 Total Revenues 1,390,380 1,396,966 1,475,692 1,564,998 1,643,347 1,725,686 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.64% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(13,970) (14,757) (15,650) (16,433) (17,257) Cambria CSD Grover Beach Nipomo CSD Oceano CSD Page 173 of 174 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 870,906$ 870,906$ 914,452$ 960,174$ 1,008,183$ 1,058,592$ Profit Allowance 78,382 78,382 91,445 96,017 100,818 105,859 Post-Collection Services 368,536 368,536 386,962 406,311 426,626 447,957 Franchise Fee 117,393 147,842 156,250 165,705 174,002 182,720 AB 939 Fee 12,754 12,754 13,392 14,061 14,764 15,503 Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 14,784 15,625 16,571 Total Revenues 1,447,971 1,478,420 1,562,501 1,657,053 1,740,019 1,827,202 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.69% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(14,784) (15,625) (16,571) (17,400) (18,272) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 174,605$ 174,605$ 183,335$ 192,502$ 202,127$ 212,234$ Profit Allowance 15,714 15,714 18,334 19,250 20,213 21,223 Post-Collection Services 98,686 98,686 103,620 108,801 114,241 119,953 Franchise Fee 30,708 32,112 33,921 35,974 37,775 39,667 AB 939 Fee - - - - - - Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 3,211 3,392 3,597 Total Revenues 319,712 321,117 339,210 359,738 377,748 396,675 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.63% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(3,211) (3,392) (3,597) (3,777) (3,967) 2025 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Collection Services 22,604,956$ 22,604,956$ 23,735,204$ 24,921,964$ 26,168,062$ 27,476,465$ Profit Allowance 2,034,446 2,034,446 2,373,520 2,492,196 2,616,806 2,747,647 Post-Collection Services 11,773,587 11,773,587 12,362,266 12,980,380 13,629,399 14,310,869 Franchise Fee 3,834,558 3,948,262 4,171,077 4,423,411 4,644,863 4,877,591 AB 939 Fee 380,795 380,795 399,835 419,826 440,818 462,859 Revenue Reconciliation Example N/A N/A N/A 407,420 430,419 456,452 Total Revenues 40,628,342 40,742,046 43,041,902 45,645,198 47,930,367 50,331,883 Indexed Rate Adjustment 5.65% 6.05% 5.01% 5.01% Revenue Surplus (Shortfall) Example -1%(407,420) (430,419) (456,452) (479,304) (503,319) Cayucos SD Avila Beach CSD Total Page 174 of 174