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CC 2017-08-22_12c James Way Oak Habitat Trail Extension MEMORANDUM TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: TERESA McCLISH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR BY: MATTHEW DOWNING, PLANNING MANAGER SUBJECT: CONSIDERATION OF STAFF PROJECT 17-008; ADOPTION OF AN INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION AND APPROVING THE JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT AND WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION PROJECT; APPLICANT - CITY OF ARROYO GRANDE DATE: AUGUST 22, 2017 RECOMMENDATION: The Parks and Recreation Commission and Planning Commission recommend the City Council adopt a Resolution: 1) Adopting an Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND); 2) Approving the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve Trail Addition Project; and 3) Directing the City Clerk to file a Notice of Determination. SUMMARY OF ACTION: Approve the addition of 0.75 miles of additional trails in the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve (the “Habitat”). IMPACT ON FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL RESOURCES: The cost to prepare the IS/MND, which includes field surveys and a future preconstruction meeting, totals $3,400. This expenditure is to be funded out of the Public Works Administration-Contractual Services account from the approved Public Works Department budget for FY 2017-18. Approximately thirty (30) hours of staff resources were required to prepare documents, review the draft IS/MND, and prepare reports related to this proposed project. BACKGROUND: The Habitat is an important community amenity that provides for native habitat protection and an opportunity for recreational activities such as hiking, mountain biking, horse riding, and wildlife viewing. The IS/MND identifies biological and cultural resources in the Habitat as environmental factors that could be potentially affected by the proposed trail improvements called the James Way Habitat and Wildlife Preserve Trail Addition (the “Project”). The Habitat property is made up of two separate lots, totaling 75.02 acres of open space. The property is zoned Planned Development 1.2 (PD-1.2) with a Conservation/Open Space land use designation. Current improvements include a functioning windmill, solid waste receptacles, drainage facilities and ponds, a Item 12.c. - Page 1 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF STAFF PROJECT 17-008 AUGUST 22, 2017 PAGE 2 pedestrian bridge, split rail fencing and approximately two (2) miles of trails for hiking, walking, and riding. Parks and Recreation Commission On January 11, 2017, the Parks and Recreation Commission voted unanimously to bring back for formal consideration a proposal to construct an additional hiking trail segment in the Habitat. On April 12, 2017, the Parks and Recreation Commission recommended approval of the Project as proposed. Planning Commission On July 18, 2017, the Planning Commission reviewed the draft IS/MND and recommended the City Council adopt the MND, instruct the City Clerk to file the Notice of Determination (NOD), and approve the conceptual trail design. The Commission also collectively suggested distance marker signs and signs restricting mountain bikes on the trail addition. ANALYSIS OF ISSUES: Project Description The proposed Project will extend the existing trail by approximately 3/4 mile and will allow for all forms of uses; including but not limited to mountain bikes. The trail will extend up the hillside through the open space and while the trail will not be visible from nearby developed sites, it will pass in close proximity to several developments on Camino Mercado. The proposed trail will be approximately three to four feet in width, and built by volunteers that have experience in both trail construction and trail maintenance. Trail construction is expected to occur over eight (8) weeks, depending on volunteer resources and weather conditions. The new trail will be constructed with hand tools, will be contoured to the surrounding landscape during construction, and the natural appearance of the trail corridor will be maintained without importing materials. The new trail will remove vegetation and soil as needed to create a walkable surface. Soil will be removed from inside of the trail to the outside of the trail and compacted in place. General Plan The General Plan designates the subject Habitat property as Planned Development with a Conservation/Open Space land use designation. The Project is consistent with the following objectives of the City’s Conservation and Open Space (C/OS) and Parks and Recreation (PR) Elements of the General Plan: C/OS3: Plan for a well-maintained system of footpaths and non-vehicular trails that provide access to areas of non-urban environment. PR4: A network of recreational trails, bicycle lanes and bikeways should be established for use by local residents and visitors to the Arroyo Grande Valley (emphasis added). Item 12.c. - Page 2 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF STAFF PROJECT 17-008 AUGUST 22, 2017 PAGE 3 The Project is also consistent with several objectives of the Bicycle and Trails Master Plan, including objectives to promote land use development that enhances pedestrian and bicycle connectivity for commuting and recreation use and, where appropriate, partner bicycle paths with flood control projects, utilities access, air quality improvements and open space/stream restoration projects. Open-Space Agreement The underlying Open-Space Agreement granting an open-space easement to the City of Arroyo Grande contains language restricting certain uses of the subject property. The document provides exceptions for City-approved trails and stipulates that the “general topography of the landscape shall be maintained in its present conditions and no grading, grazing, excavation, or topographic changes shall be made except by the joint approval of owner and City”; however, it makes exceptions for the construction of public pathways. As such, the proposed trail expansion is consistent and compatible with the original intent of the agreement. It should be noted, subsequently to the acceptance of the Agreement, that the current landowner is the City as ownership of the property was transferred when the City Council adopted Resolution No. 3052 on September 13, 1994. As such, decisions of allowed activities and rules of use are at the discretion of the City Council. Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration The draft IS/MND identifies biological resources and cultural resources as environmental factors that could be potentially impacted by the Project. These items are briefly discussed below and implementation of associated mitigation measures will ensure that impacts associated with the Project will be less than significant. Biological Resources As discussed in the IS/MND, the project site contains numerous vegetation species including Coast Live Oak, California Annual and Perennial Grassland, and California Sage Brush habitats which may contain special status plant and animal species. Within this variety of native habitats, nonnative grasses are interwoven throughout the Project. The IS/MND indicates that there will be no impacts to riparian habitat, federally impacted wetlands, or conflict with provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan. However, there are less than significant impacts with mitigation related to habitat modification on sensitive species, movement of wildlife species, and potential conflict with the City’s Community Tree Program (Coast Live Oak trees are a protected species within Chapter 12.16 of the Municipal Code). Five (5) mitigation measures contained in the document reduce these impacts to less than significant. Cultural Resources The Chumash Indians lived in the region and many archaeological sites have been identified within the City limits. Isolated archaeological materials could still be present given the extensive history of Chumash inhabiting this area. The IS/MND indicates that Item 12.c. - Page 3 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF STAFF PROJECT 17-008 AUGUST 22, 2017 PAGE 4 there are no impacts to a historical resource, however there are less than significant impacts with mitigation for archaeological and paleontological resources, and possible disturbance of human remains outside of formal cemeteries. Should these cultural resources be discovered during construction of the Project, work will stop to allow a qualified archaeologist to view and assess the discovery and prepare a mitigation plan. Two (2) mitigation measures contained in the document reduce these impacts to less than significant. Mountain Bikes The Planning Commission provided review of the IS/MND at their July 18, 2017 meeting. Although their purview was supposed to be limited to the environmental document only, the Commission recommended restricting the new section of trail from use by mountain bikes. However, this restriction is not recommended by staff to be included in the approval of the project as mountain bikes are permitted within the remainder of the Habitat, the trail is anticipated to be utilized by hikers experienced in sharing trails with mountain bikes due to the steeper terrain, and because this limitation could be implemented in the future if it is determined to be necessary for hiker safety. Additionally, it should be noted that the Parks and Recreation Commission, who reviewed the Project itself, recommended approval as proposed, without limitations to the trail’s use. ALTERNATIVES: The following alternatives are provided for the Council’s consideration: 1. Adopt the attached Resolution adopting the Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration, approving the trail addition, and directing the City Clerk to file a Notice of Determination; 2. Modify and adopt the attached Resolution adopting the Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration, approving the trail addition, and directing the City Clerk to file a Notice of Determination; or 3. Do not adopt the attached Resolution and provide direction to staff. ADVANTAGES: Adding trail opportunities enhances knowledge, appreciation, and recreational use of the Habitat and is consistent with the City’s General Plan. Additionally, the mitigation measures will protect both biological and cultural resources during trail construction. DISADVANTAGES: None identified. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: The IS/MND has been prepared to evaluate the potential environmental effects of the proposed project. This document has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), Public Resources Code §21000 et seq., and the State CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations (CCR) §15000 et seq. Item 12.c. - Page 4 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF STAFF PROJECT 17-008 AUGUST 22, 2017 PAGE 5 PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND COMMENTS: The draft document was circulated for public review on July 10, 2017, and a notice of tonight’s meeting was mailed to all property owners within 300’ of the site on August 16, 2017. The Agenda was posted at City Hall and on the City’s website in accordance with Government Code Section 54954.2. At the time of report preparation, no comments have been received. Attachment: 1. Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration Item 12.c. - Page 5 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ARROYO GRANDE ADOPTING A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION, INSTRUCTING THE CITY CLERK TO FILE A NOTICE OF DETERMINATION, AND APPROVING THE JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT AND WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITIONAL PROJECT (STAFF PROJECT 17-008); APPLIED FOR BY THE CITY OF ARROYO GRANDE WHEREAS, on September 13, 1994 the Arroyo Grande City Council adopted Resolution No. 3052, accepting a fee-simple offer of dedication for property known as the James Way Habitat (the “Habitat”); and WHEREAS, on January 11, 2017, the Parks and Recreation Commission voted unanimously to bring back for formal consideration a proposal to construct an additional hiking trail segment in the Habitat; and WHEREAS, on April 12, 2017, the Parks and Recreation Commission recommended approval of the proposed trail addition to the City Council; and WHEREAS, on July 18, 2017, the Planning Commission reviewed the draft Mitigated Negative Declaration and recommended the City Council adopt the document; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission also recommended the trail be restricted to not be used by mountain bikers; and WHEREAS, it is not recommended that the trail exclude mountain bikers given the recreational nature of the trails in the Habitat and the ability to restrict use in the future if issues arise; and WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the project in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the State CEQA Guidelines, and the Arroyo Grande Rules and Procedures for Implementation of CEQA and has reviewed the draft Mitigated Negative Declaration; and WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the project at its regularly scheduled meeting on August 22, 2017; and WHEREAS, the City Council finds, after due study, deliberation and public hearing, the following circumstances exist: Required CEQA Findings: 1. The City of Arroyo Grande has prepared an Initial Study pursuant to Section 15063 of the Guidelines of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), for the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve Trail Addition Project. Item 12.c. - Page 6 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 2 2. Based on the Initial Study, a Mitigated Negative Declaration was prepared for public review. A copy of the Mitigated Negative Declaration and related materials is located at City Hall in the Community Development Department. 3. After holding a public meeting pursuant to State and City Codes, and considering the record as a whole, the City Council adopts a Mitigated Negative Declaration and finds that there is no substantial evidence of any significant adverse effect, either individually or cumulatively on wildlife resources as defined by Section 711.2 of the Fish and Game Code or on the habitat upon which the wildlife depends as a result of development of this project. Further, the City Council finds that said Mitigated Negative Declaration reflects the City’s independent judgment and analysis. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Arroyo Grande hereby adopts the Mitigated Negative Declaration as set forth in Exhibit “B”, a full copy of which is on file in the Community Development Department, instructs the City Clerk to file a Notice of Determination, and approves the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve Trail Addition project as set forth in Exhibit “C” attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference, with the above findings and subject to the mitigation measures as including the Mitigated Negative Declaration and set forth in Exhibit “A”, attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference. On a motion by Council Member _________, seconded by Council Member __________, and by the following roll call vote to wit: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: the foregoing Resolution was adopted this 22nd day of August 2017. Item 12.c. - Page 7 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 3 _______________________________________ JIM HILL, MAYOR ATTEST: _______________________________________ KELLY WETMORE, CITY CLERK APPROVED AS TO CONTENT: _______________________________________ JAMES A. BERGMAN, CITY MANAGER APPROVED AS TO FORM: _______________________________________ HEATHER K. WHITHAM, CITY ATTORNEY Item 12.c. - Page 8 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 4 EXHIBIT “A” MITIGATION MEASURES JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT AND WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION PROJECT A negative declaration with mitigation measures has been adopted for this project. The following mitigation measures shall be implemented as conditions of approval and shall be monitored by the appropriate City department or responsible agency. The applicant shall be responsible for verification in writing by the monitoring department or agency that the mitigation measures have been implemented. Biological Resources MM IV-1: A qualified biologist shall perform a special-status plant survey in the Project area before any work activities begin. All project activities shall avoid any special-status plant species that are found during the preconstruction survey. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of any special-status plant species. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Timing: Prior to construction MM IV-2: The Project site shall be surveyed before construction for Wells’ Manzanita. If any Wells’ Manzanita are found within the Project site, the plants will be avoided. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of Wells’ Manzanita. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Timing: Prior to construction MM IV-3: Prior to any Project activities, a qualified biologist shall survey disturbance areas and relocate any silvery legless lizards and/or coast horned lizards found, to a safe area outside of the Project area. Surveys shall include raking of leaf litter and sand where habitats exist. A qualified biologist shall be present at all times during ground disturbing Project activities to recover any silvery legless lizards and coast horned lizards that may be found. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of any special-status animal species that may occur or that were found in the Project area. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Timing: Prior to and during construction Item 12.c. - Page 9 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 5 MM IV-4: If the Project is to be completed during the nesting bird season, which is typically between the middle of February to the end of August, a nesting bird survey by a qualified biologist shall be performed in the Project area before any work activities commence. If any nesting birds are found, an appropriate and highly visible buffer shall be established around the nest until the nest is no longer occupied. In addition, a qualified biologist shall do a preconstruction survey for badgers and their dens and for bats. If a badger den is located, a buffer shall be established around the den. If any bats are located, consultation with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife shall be initiated. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Timing: Prior to construction MM IV-5: Where possible, project activities shall occur outside of 1.5 times the dripline for any oak tree. In areas where this is not possible due the high density of oaks, project activities will not expose any oak tree roots and only the minimum amount of vegetation needed for trail construction shall be removed. Only hand tools shall be used for trail construction. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist, that covers oak tree avoidance, if possible, and oak tree mitigations. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Timing: Prior to and during construction Cultural Resources MM V-1: If a potentially significant cultural resource is encountered during surface earthwork activities, all construction activities within a 100-foot radius of the find shall cease until a qualified archaeologist determines whether the uncovered resource requires further study. Any previously undiscovered resources found during construction shall be recorded on appropriate California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms and evaluated for significance in terms of California Environmental Quality Act criteria by a qualified archaeologist. Potentially significant cultural resources consist of, but are not limited to, stone, bone, glass, ceramic, wood, or shell artifacts; fossils; or features including hearths, structural remains, or historic dumpsites. If the resource is determined significant under CEQA, the qualified archaeologist shall prepare and implement a research design and archaeological data recovery plan that will capture those categories of data for which the site is significant. The archaeologist shall also perform appropriate technical analysis, prepare a comprehensive report, and file it with the appropriate Information Center and provide for the permanent curation of the recovered materials. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Item 12.c. - Page 10 RESOLUTION NO. PAGE 6 Timing: During construction MM V-2: If human remains are encountered during earth-disturbing activities, all work in the adjacent area shall stop immediately and the San Luis Obispo County Coroner’s office shall be notified. If the remains are determined to be Native American in origin, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be notified and will identify the Most Likely Descendent, who will be consulted for recommendations for treatment of the discovered remains. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works. Timing: During construction Item 12.c. - Page 11 EXHIBIT “B”     INITIAL STUDY/  MITIGATED NEGATIVE  DECLARATION  (Full copy on file in the Community Development Department)    JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE  PROPOSED TRAIL ADDITION    June 2017          Item 12.c. - Page 12 GRIEB DRGRIEB DRJAM E S WY JAM E S W Y STEVENSON DRSTEVENSON DRLEISURE DRLEISURE DRMEADOW WYMEADOW WY CALLE CUERVOCALLE CUERVODDOOSS CCEERRRROOSSCCLLEEVVEENNGGEERRDDRR AACCOORRNNDDRR2 5 0 f t 2 5 0 f t 2 0 0 f t 2 0 0 f t 150 f t 150 f t 10 0 f t 10 0 f t 100ft100ft50ft50ftE A S T F OR K M EA D O W C RE E K 120°35'50"W120°35'50"W120°36'0"W120°36'0"W35°8'0"N35°8'0"N35°7'50"NContour Interval: 5 ftJAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE PROPOSED TRAIL MAPWaterwaysProposed TrailExisting Trail00250250500500125125FeetFeetPPrr oo pp oo ss eeddTTrraaiill--00..5588 mm ii EE xx ii ss tt ii nn ggTTrr aaiillThis map displays a proposed trail route connecting off of existing trails within the James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve. The new trail is approximately 0.58 miles with a total ascent of 45ft.This trail was scouted and flagged by Eric Nelson, and mapped via GPS on December 13, 2016 by CamillaGreenbach, GIS Technician, City of Arroyo Grande.Firgure 1December 2016EXHIBIT "C"Item 12.c. - Page 13 Page 1 of 31 DRAFT INITIAL STUDY/ MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE PROPOSED TRAIL ADDITION June 2017 ATTACHMENT 1 Item 12.c. - Page 14 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 2 of 31 Project: JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE PROPOSED TRAIL ADDITION Lead Agency: City of Arroyo Grande Document Availability:  City of Arroyo Grande Community Development Department 300 East Branch Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420  http://www.arroyogrande.org/ Project Description: The proposed project includes expanding an existing trail located within the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve. The new 0.75 mile trial will connect to the existing trail and will be located upland from sensitive riparian habitats. The new trail will allow trail access during winter months and will protect wetland and riparian habitats and species. The proposed trail will be built by City of Arroyo Grande trail volunteers who have experience with both trail construction and trail maintenance, and with the assistance of the non-profit Central Coast Concerned Mountain Bikers organization. Trail construction is expected to take 4-8 weeks depending on the number of volunteers and weather conditions. Summary Document Preparation: Pursuant to Section 21082.1 of the California Environmental Quality Act, the City of Arroyo Grande (the City) has independently reviewed and analyzed the Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration for the proposed project and finds that these documents reflect the independent judgment of the City. The City, as lead agency, also confirms that the project mitigation measures detailed in these documents are feasible and will be implemented as stated in the Mitigated Negative Declaration. _________________________________ _____ __________________ Teresa McClish, AICP Date Community Development Director _________________________________ ____________ Kelly Heffernon, AICP Date Associate Planner Item 12.c. - Page 15 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 3 of 31 Table of Contents: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Introduction and Regulatory Guidance..................................................................................................... 5 Lead Agency .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Purpose and Document Organization ....................................................................................................... 5 Summary of Findings................................................................................................................................. 6 Project Description........................................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 7 Location ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 Background and Need for Project ............................................................................................................. 7 Project Description.................................................................................................................................... 7 Other Required Public Agency Approvals ................................................................................................. 7 Related Projects ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Environmental Checklist ............................................................................................................................... 8 Project Information ................................................................................................................................... 8 Environmental Factors Potentially Affected ............................................................................................. 8 Determination ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Evaluation of Environmental Impacts ..................................................................................................... 10 Environmental Issues .................................................................................................................................. 11 I. Aesthetics ............................................................................................................................................. 11 II. Agriculture and Forestry Resources .................................................................................................... 11 III. Air Quality .......................................................................................................................................... 13 IV. Biological Resources .......................................................................................................................... 14 V. Cultural Resources .............................................................................................................................. 16 VI. Geology and Soils ............................................................................................................................... 17 VII. Greenhouse Gas Emissions ............................................................................................................... 18 VIII Hazards and Hazardous Materials .................................................................................................... 19 IX Hydrology and Water Quality ............................................................................................................. 20 X. Land Use and Planning ........................................................................................................................ 21 XI. Mineral Resources ............................................................................................................................. 22 XII. Noise ................................................................................................................................................. 22 XIII. Population and Housing ................................................................................................................... 23 XIV. Public Services ................................................................................................................................. 24 XV. Recreation ......................................................................................................................................... 24 Item 12.c. - Page 16 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 4 of 31 XVI. Transportation/Traffic ..................................................................................................................... 25 Mandatory Findings of Significance ............................................................................................................ 28 Summary of Mitigation Measures .............................................................................................................. 29 References .................................................................................................................................................. 31 Item 12.c. - Page 17 Page 5 of 31 Introduction Introduction and Regulatory Guidance The Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) has been prepared by the City of Arroyo Grande (the City) to evaluate the potential environmental effects of the proposed project. This document has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), Public Resources Code §21000 et seq., and the State CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations (CCR) §15000 et seq. An Initial Study is conducted by a lead agency to determine if a project may have a significant effect on the environment [CEQA Guidelines §15063(a)]. If there is substantial evidence that a project may have a significant effect on the environment, an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) must be prepared, in accordance with CEQA Guidelines §15064(a). However, if the lead agency determines that revisions in the project plans or proposals made by or agreed to by the applicant mitigate the potentially significant effects to a less-than-significant level, a Mitigated Negative Declaration may be prepared instead of an EIR [CEQA Guidelines §15070(b)]. The lead agency prepares a written statement describing the reasons a proposed project would not have a significant effect on the environment and, therefore, why an EIR need not be prepared. This IS/MND conforms to the content requirements under CEQA Guidelines §15071. Lead Agency The lead agency is the public agency with primary approval authority over the proposed project. In accordance with CEQA Guidelines §15051(b)(1), "the lead agency will normally be an agency with general governmental powers, such as a city or county, rather than an agency with a single or limited purpose." The lead agency for the proposed project is the City of Arroyo Grande. The contact person for the lead agency is: Kelly Heffernon, AICP Associate Planner City of Arroyo Grande 300 E. Branch Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 (805) 473-5420 Purpose and Document Organization The purpose of this document is to evaluate the potential environmental effects of the proposed project. Mitigation measures have been identified and incorporated into the project to eliminate any potentially significant impacts or reduce them to a less-than-significant level. This document is organized as follows:  Introduction This chapter provides an introduction to the project and describes the purpose and organization of this document.  Project Description Item 12.c. - Page 18 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 6 of 31 This chapter describes the reasons for the project, scope of the project, and project objectives.  Environmental Setting, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures This chapter identifies the significance of potential environmental impacts, explains the environmental setting for each environmental issue, and evaluates the potential impacts identified in the CEQA Environmental (Initial Study) Checklist. Mitigation measures are incorporated, where appropriate, to reduce potentially significant impacts to a less-than- significant level.  Mandatory Findings of Significance This chapter identifies and summarizes the overall significance of any potential impacts to natural and cultural resources, cumulative impacts, and impact to humans, as identified in the Initial Study.  Summary of Mitigation Measures This chapter summarizes the mitigation measures incorporated into the project as a result of the Initial Study.  References This chapter identifies the references and sources used in the preparation of this IS/MND. It also provides a list of those involved in the preparation of this document. Summary of Findings Section 3 of this document contains the Environmental (Initial Study) Checklist that identifies the potential environmental impacts (by environmental issue) and a brief discussion of each impact resulting from implementation of the proposed project. In accordance with §15064(f) of the CEQA Guidelines, a Mitigated Negative Declaration shall be prepared if the proposed project will not have a significant effect on the environment after the inclusion of mitigation measures in the project. Based on the available project information and the environmental analysis presented in this document, there is no substantial evidence that, after the incorporation of mitigation measures, the proposed project would have a significant effect on the environment. It is proposed that a Mitigated Negative Declaration be adopted in accordance with the CEQA Guidelines. Revisions None. Item 12.c. - Page 19 Page 7 of 31 Project Description Introduction This Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) has been prepared by the City of Arroyo Grande (the City) to evaluate the potential environmental effects of the proposed project. The project site is located in the approximately 60-acre James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve (Preserve). Location The project site is bounded on the north by James Way, to the east by residential development and to the south and west by a combination of residential and commercial development. Background and Need for Project The project site is located within James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve. The James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve was established as mitigation for an adjacent housing development. In order to improve trails with the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve, a 0.75 mile trail addition will be built upland from an existing trail. The new trail will allow the existing trail to be expanded into a loop, will add an additional 0.75 of a mile to the trail system, and will allow trail access during the winter months when the established trail often becomes flooded and impassable. In addition, the new trail will move hikers into less sensitive habitat areas and away from wetland habitats where the existing trail is located. Project Description The proposed trail expansion will be built by City of Arroyo Grande trail volunteers who have experience with both trail construction and trail maintenance, and with the assistance of Central Coast Concerned Mountain Bikers organization. The trail workers will either hike or bike into the Project site and will use only hand tools for all trail construction activities. All work activities will be done with the minimal amount of impact needed for trail construction and all work tools will be removed from the project site after each day of construction. Emphasis will be on maintaining the natural appearance of the trail corridor. The new trail cut will remove vegetation and soil which will then be saved (to disperse on the trail once it is completed to make it look aged) or carried off-site for disposal. Once the trail is cleared, soil will be removed from the inside of the trail to the outside of the trail and packed into place (1/2 bench cut). Trail construction is expected to take 4-8 weeks depending on the number of volunteers and weather conditions. Required Public Agency Approvals No other public agency approvals are required for the proposed project. Related Projects None Item 12.c. - Page 20 Page 8 of 31 Environmental Checklist Project Information Project Title: James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve Trail Addition Lead Agency Name & Address: City of Arroyo Grande 300 East Brach Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 Contact Person & Telephone Number: Kelly Heffernon, AICP Associate Planner (805) 473-5420 Project Location: James Way, Arroyo Grande, California Project Sponsor Names & Addresses: City of Arroyo Grande 300 East Brach Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 General Plan Designation: Conservation/Open Space Zoning: PD 1.2 Description of Project: Refer to page 7 Surrounding Land Uses & Setting: The project site is within the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve which is surrounded by residential and commercial developments with James Way street bordering the north side of the Preserve. The Preserve provides habitats for wildlife species and trails for pedestrian use. Approval Required from Other Public Agencies: None Environmental Factors Potentially Affected The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a "Potentially Significant Impact", as indicated by the checklist on the following pages: Aesthetics Agricultural Resources Air Quality Biological Resources Cultural Resources Geology/Soils Greenhouse Gas Emissions Hazards & Hazardous Materials Hydrology/Water Quality Land Use/Planning Mineral Resources Noise Population/Housing Public Services Recreation Transportation/Traffic Tribal Cultural Resources Utilities/Service Systems Mandatory Findings of Significance Item 12.c. - Page 21 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 9 of 31 Determination On the basis of this initial evaluation: I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. I find that, although the original scope of the proposed project COULD have had a significant effect on the environment, there WILL NOT be a significant effect because revisions/mitigations to the project have been made by or agreed to by the applicant. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT or its functional equivalent will be prepared. I find that the proposed project MAY have a "potentially significant impact" or "potentially significant unless mitigated impact" on the environment. However, at least one impact has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document, pursuant to applicable legal standards, and has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis, as described in the report's attachments. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the impacts not sufficiently addressed in previous documents. I find that, although the proposed project could have had a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects have been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or Negative Declaration, pursuant to applicable standards, and have been avoided or mitigated, pursuant to an earlier EIR, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, all impacts have been avoided or mitigated to a less-than- significant level and no further action is required. _________________________________ ________________________________ Kelly Heffernon, AICP Date Associate Planner Item 12.c. - Page 22 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 10 of 31 Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 1. A brief explanation is required for all answers, except "No Impact", that are adequately supported by the information sources cited. A "No Impact" answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact does not apply to the project being evaluated (e.g., the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A "No Impact" answer should be explained where it is based on general or project-specific factors (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). 2. All answers must consider the whole of the project-related effects, both direct and indirect, including off-site, cumulative, construction, and operational impacts. 3. Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, the checklist answers must indicate whether that impact is potentially significant, less than significant with mitigation, or less than significant. "Potentially Significant Impact" is appropriate when there is sufficient evidence that a substantial or potentially substantial adverse change may occur in any of the physical conditions within the area affected by the project that cannot be mitigated below a level of significance. If there are one or more "Potentially Significant Impact" entries, an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is required. 4. A "Mitigated Negative Declaration" (Negative Declaration: Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated) applies where the incorporation of mitigation measures, prior to declaration of project approval, has reduced an effect from "Potentially Significant Impact" to a "Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation." The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level. 5. Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other CEQA process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR (including a General Plan) or Negative Declaration [CCR, Guidelines for the Implementation of CEQA, § 15063(c)(3)(D)]. References to an earlier analysis should: a) Identify the earlier analysis and state where it is available for review. b) Indicate which effects from the environmental checklist were adequately analyzed in the earlier document, pursuant to applicable legal standards, and whether these effects were adequately addressed by mitigation measures included in that analysis. c) Describe the mitigation measures in this document that were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and indicate to what extent they address site-specific conditions for this project. 6. Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate references to information sources for potential impacts into the checklist or appendix (e.g., general plans, zoning ordinances, biological assessments). Reference to a previously prepared or outside document should include an indication of the page or pages where the statement is substantiated. 7. A source list should be appended to this document. Sources used or individuals contacted should be listed in the source list and cited in the discussion. 8. Explanation(s) of each issue should identify: a) the criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate the significance of the impact addressed by each question and b) the mitigation measures, if any, prescribed to reduce the impact below the level of significance. Item 12.c. - Page 23 Page 11 of 31 Environmental Issues I. Aesthetics Environmental Setting The project site is located entirely within the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve which provides open space for pedestrian recreational uses and habitats for plant and animal species. The project site is within Coast Live Oak, California Annual and Perennial Grassland and California Sage Brush habitats. There are no anthropomorphic impacts on the project site except for the existing Preserve trail. The project site is located on a northern facing hill and is not visible from any roadways and would not alter any scenic vistas or scenic resources. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings? d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? Discussion a-d: No impact. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. II. Agriculture and Forestry Resources Environmental Setting The project site is not designated or zoned for agriculture use, has not been used for agricultural production and is not near to land zoned agriculture. The site does not contain prime soils according to the California Department of Conservation’s Important Farmland Map of San Luis Obispo County. Item 12.c. - Page 24 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 12 of 31 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact References: 14 a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract? c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220)g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland to non-agricultural use? * In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997), prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model for use in assessing impacts on agricultural and farmland. Discussion a-e: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14 Item 12.c. - Page 25 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 13 of 31 III. Air Quality Environmental Setting Existing conditions for air quality in the City of Arroyo Grande are described in detail in the County’s 2001 Clean Air Plan which is incorporated herein by reference. The Clean Air Plan is a comprehensive planning document designed to reduce emissions from traditional industrial and commercial sources, as well as from motor vehicle use. The purpose of the County’s Clean Air Plan is to address the attainment and maintenance of state and federal ambient air quality standards by following a comprehensive set of emission control measures within the Plan. Based on information available, it is not expected that baseline conditions have changed significantly since the 2001 plan was completed. San Luis Obispo County is in non-attainment status for ozone (O3), respirable particulate matter (PM10) and vinyl chloride under the California Air Resource Board (CARB) standards. The County is in attainment status for all other applicable CARB standards. The proposed project will not result in any impacts to air quality. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is in non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? * Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control di strict may be relied on to make these determinations. Discussion a-e: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 4, 10, 11, 13 Item 12.c. - Page 26 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 14 of 31 IV. Biological Resources Environmental Setting The project site is within Coast Live Oak, California Annual and Perennial Grassland, and California Sage Brush habitats which may contain special status plants and animals. The vegetation communities are mostly native species with an understory of nonnative grasses. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modification, on any species identified as a sensitive, candidate, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands, as defined by §404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? Discussion b, c, f: No impacts. a: There is the potential for fourteen special status plant species to occur on the Property and four have been observed on the Property: Hoover’s bent grass (Agrostis hooveri), Kellogg’s horkelia (Horkelia cuneata ssp. sericea), Michael’s rein orchid (Piperia michaelii), and Wells’ manzanita (Arctostaphylos Item 12.c. - Page 27 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 15 of 31 wellsii). In addition, federally endangered Pismo Clarkia (Clarkia speciosa ssp. Immaculate) is documented across the street from the Project site (CNDDB 2017). Less than significant with mitigation. MM IV-1 A qualified biologist shall perform a special-status plant survey in the Project area before any work activities begin. All project activities shall avoid any special-status plant species that are found during the preconstruction survey. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of any special-status plant species. MM IV-2 The Project site shall be surveyed before construction for Wells’ Manzanita. If any Wells’ Manzanita are found within the Project site, the plants will be avoided. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of Wells’ Manzanita. MM IV-3 Prior to any Project activities, a qualified biologist shall survey disturbance areas and relocate any silvery legless lizards and/or coast horned lizards found, to a safe area outside of the Project area. Surveys shall include raking of leaf litter and sand where habitats exist. A qualified biologist shall be present at all times during ground disturbing Project activities to recover any silvery legless lizards and coast horned lizards that may be found. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of any special-status animal species that may occur or that were found in the Project area. d: There is the potential for trail construction activities to impact nesting birds. Less than significant with mitigation. MM IV-4 If the Project is to be completed during the nesting bird season, which is typically between the middle of February to the end of August, a nesting bird survey by a qualified biologist shall be performed in the Project area before any work activities commence. If any nesting birds are found, an appropriate and highly visible buffer shall be established around the nest until the nest is no longer occupied. In addition, a qualified biologist shall do a preconstruction survey for badgers and their dens and for bats. If a badger den is located, a buffer shall be established around the den. If any bats are located, consultation with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife shall be initiated. Item 12.c. - Page 28 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 16 of 31 e: Coast Live oak trees are a protected species within the City of Arroyo Grande (Chapter 12.16 of the Arroyo Grande Municipal Code) and therefore trail construction activities near Coast Live oak trees requires mitigation. Less than significant with mitigation. MM IV-5: Where possible, project activities shall occur outside of 1.5 times the dripline for any oak tree. In areas where this is not possible due the high density of oaks, project activities will not expose any oak tree roots and only the minimum amount of vegetation needed for trail construction shall be removed. Only hand tools shall be used for trail construction. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist, that covers oak tree avoidance, if possible, and oak tree mitigations. Less than significant with mitigation. References: 3, 14, 15, 16 V. Cultural Resources Environmental Setting The earliest inhabitants of Arroyo Grande Valley were the northern or Obispeno Chumash Indians. Given the long history of the Chumash occupying this region, many archaeological sites have been identified within the City limits. Isolated archaeological materials could still be present given the extensive history of Chumash Indians inhabiting this area. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in § 15064.5? b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to § 15064.5? c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? d) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? Discussion a. No impact. b-d: As a precaution, if cultural resources are encountered during the construction process, development activities at the site shall cease until a qualified archaeologist has been employed to view and assess the discovery and prepare a mitigation plan. Implementation of the following mitigation measures will reduce these impacts to a less than significant level. Less than significant with mitigation. Item 12.c. - Page 29 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 17 of 31 MM V-1: If a potentially significant cultural resource is encountered during surface earthwork activities, all construction activities within a 100-foot radius of the find shall cease until a qualified archaeologist determines whether the uncovered resource requires further study. Any previously undiscovered resources found during construction shall be recorded on appropriate California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms and evaluated for significance in terms of California Environmental Quality Act criteria by a qualified archaeologist. Potentially significant cultural resources consist of, but are not limited to, stone, bone, glass, ceramic, wood, or shell artifacts; fossils; or features including hearths, structural remains, or historic dumpsites. If the resource is determined significant under CEQA, the qualified archaeologist shall prepare and implement a research design and archaeological data recovery plan that will capture those categories of data for which the site is significant. The archaeologist shall also perform appropriate technical analysis, prepare a comprehensive report, and file it with the appropriate Information Center and provide for the permanent curation of the recovered materials. MM V-2: If human remains are encountered during earth-disturbing activities, all work in the adjacent area shall stop immediately and the San Luis Obispo County Coroner’s office shall be notified. If the remains are determined to be Native American in origin, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be notified and will identify the Most Likely Descendent, who will be consulted for recommendations for treatment of the discovered remains. References: 1, 3, 5 VI. Geology and Soils Environmental Setting The project site is elevated, sloping up from James Way to the south from approximately 56 feet above mean sea level to approximately 270 feet above mean sea level. The project site is mostly Briones-Tierra complex with 15 to 50 percent slopes (loamy sand underlain by weathered bedrock). Item 12.c. - Page 30 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 18 of 31 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map, issued by the State Geologist for the area, or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? (Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42.) ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides? b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable, as a result of the project and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse? d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18- 1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste disposal systems, where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? Discussion a-e: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. VII. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Environmental Setting The project site is located adjacent to existing residential development. The project will expand an existing trail system and will not generate any measurable greenhouse gas emissions. Item 12.c. - Page 31 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 19 of 31 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant effect on the environment? b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? Discussion a-b: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. VIII Hazards and Hazardous Materials Environmental Setting The project site is not known to contain hazards or hazardous materials, nor are these located in the immediate vicinity of the project site. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and/or accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials, substances, or waste into the environment? c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites, compiled pursuant to Government Code §65962.5, and, as a result, create a significant hazard to the public or environment? e) Be located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport? If so, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? Item 12.c. - Page 32 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 20 of 31 f) Be located in the vicinity of a private airstrip? If so, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death from wildland fires, including areas where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? Discussion a-h: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 4, 12 IX Hydrology and Water Quality Environmental Setting The James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve contains a small tributary; however, the area of trail expansion work is not located near any waterways, and the project would not have any impacts to groundwater supplies, drainage patterns, or water quality. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge, such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level that would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial on- or off-site erosion or siltation? d) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in on- or off-site flooding? Item 12.c. - Page 33 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 21 of 31 e) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? f) Substantially degrade water quality? g) Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area, as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map, or other flood hazard delineation map? h) Place structures that would impede or redirect flood flows within a 100-year flood hazard area? i) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death from flooding, including flooding resulting from the failure of a levee or dam? j) Result in inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? a-j: No Impact. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. X. Land Use and Planning Environmental Setting The land use designation of the project site is Conservation/Open Space. The purpose of this designation is to provide open space for wildlife habitats and pedestrian trails. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Physically divide an established community? b) Conflict with the applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of any agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to, a general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? Discussion a-c: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 2, 4 Item 12.c. - Page 34 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 22 of 31 XI. Mineral Resources Environmental Setting The project site does not contain any known mineral resources. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that is or would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? Discussion a-b: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 5 XII. Noise Environmental Setting Noise exposure throughout the City is primarily caused by automobile traffic on surface streets and US Highway 101, with intermittent noise generated by agricultural operations and construction activities. The site is surrounded primarily by residential uses which are sensitive to noise outside of work day hours. The building of the trail will be completed using only hand tools. No excessive noise is expected from project construction or from pedestrians using the trail. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Generate or expose people to noise levels in excess of standards established in a local general plan or noise ordinance, or in other applicable local, state, or federal standards? b) Generate or expose people to excessive groundborne vibrations or groundborne noise levels? c) Create a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project (above levels without the project)? d) Create a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project, in excess of noise levels existing without the project? Item 12.c. - Page 35 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 23 of 31 e) Be located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport? If so, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? f) Be in the vicinity of a private airstrip? If so, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? Discussion a-f: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 2, 3, 14 XIII. Population and Housing Environmental Setting The project site is an oak habitat and wildlife preserve. The proposed project is a trail that will have no impacts to population growth or to any housing related issues. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Discussion a-c: No impacts. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 4, 14 Item 12.c. - Page 36 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 24 of 31 XIV. Public Services Environmental Setting The City of Arroyo Grande administers its own police department and parks and recreation facilities. Fire protection is provided by the Five Cities Fire Authority through a joint powers agreement (JPA). Public services to the project site are readily provided by the City of Arroyo Grande. The proposed trail would not result in any impacts to governmental facilities or operations. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Result in significant environmental impacts from construction associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, or the need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the public services: Fire protection? Police protection: Schools? Parks? Other public facilities? Discussion a: No impact. No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 5 XV. Recreation Environmental Setting Both the Recreation Department and Public Works Department oversee recreational activities throughout the City and manages the City’s various parks and open space areas. The project will not impact any existing park or other recreational resource and is not expected to create additional demand for recreational facilities. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities, such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? Item 12.c. - Page 37 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 25 of 31 b) Include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities that might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Discussion a, b: No impact No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 5 XVI. Transportation/Traffic Environmental Setting The project site is located near James Way which provides off street parking for trail access. The proposed project will not cause a substantial increase in traffic, a change in traffic patterns, an increase hazards, or conflict with adopted transportation policies, plans or programs. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Cause a substantial increase in traffic, in relation to existing traffic and the capacity of the street system (i.e., a substantial increase in either the number of vehicle trips, the volume to capacity ratio on roads, or congestion at intersections)? b) Exceed, individually or cumulatively, the level of service standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways? c) Cause a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that result in substantial safety risks? d) Contain a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or a dangerous intersection) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment) that would substantially increase hazards? e) Result in inadequate emergency access? f) Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs supporting alternative transportation (e.g., bus turnouts, bicycle racks)? Discussion a-f: No impact No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. Item 12.c. - Page 38 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 26 of 31 References: 1, 14 XVII. Tribal Cultural Resources Environmental Setting The proposed project would not cause a substantial change of a tribal cultural resource. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: i) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k), or ii) A resource determined by the lead agency in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in Subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in Subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. Discussion a: No impact No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 14 XVIII. Utilities and Service Systems Environmental Setting No utilities are needed for the proposed project. Item 12.c. - Page 39 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 27 of 31 Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Exceed wastewater treatment restrictions or standards of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? b) Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities? Would the construction of these facilities cause significant environmental effects? c) Require or result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities? d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources or are new or expanded entitlements needed? e) Result in a determination, by the wastewater treatment provider that serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to service the project’s anticipated demand, in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project’s solid waste disposal needs? g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations as they relate to solid waste? Discussion a-g: No impact No impacts would occur, therefore, no mitigation is required. References: 1, 3, 6, 7, 8 Item 12.c. - Page 40 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 28 of 31 Mandatory Findings of Significance Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact a) Substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species; cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels; threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community; substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of an endangered, rare or threatened species; or eliminate examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? b) Have the potential to achieve short-term environmental goals to the disadvantage of long-term environmental goals? c) Have possible environmental effects that are individually limited but cumulatively considerable? “Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of an individual project are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of possible future projects. d) Cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Discussion a: The project site contains special status plants and animals that may be impacted from project construction. Isolated prehistoric materials may be present on the project site; however, the site does not serve as an example of a major period of California history or prehistory. b: There are no short-term environmental goals, either in the project description or the identified mitigation measures that will be achieved to the disadvantage of long-term environmental goals. c: With implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, the proposed project will not result in any cumulatively considerable environmental impacts. d: With implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, the proposed project will not cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly. Item 12.c. - Page 41 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 29 of 31 Summary of Mitigation Measures and Mitigation Monitoring MM IV-1: A qualified biologist shall perform a special-status plant survey in the Project areas before any work activities begin. All project activities shall avoid any special-status plant species that are found during the preconstruction survey. Before any Project activities commence all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of any special-status plant species. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: Before Construction MM IV-2: The Project site shall be surveyed before construction for Wells’ Manzanita. If any Wells’ Manzanita are found within the Project site the plants will be avoided. Before any Project activities commence all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of Wells’ Manzanita. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: Before Construction MM IV-3: Prior to any Project activities, a qualified biologist shall survey disturbance areas and relocate any silvery legless lizards and/or coast horned lizards found, to a safe area outside of the Project area. Surveys shall include raking of leaf litter and sand where habitats exist. A qualified biologist shall be present at all times during ground disturbing Project activities to recover any silvery legless lizards and coast horned lizards that may be found. Before any Project activities commence all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist that covers the avoidance of any special-status animal species that may occur or that were found in the Project area. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: Before and During Construction MM IV-4: If the Project is to be completed during the nesting bird season, which is typically between the middle of February to the end of August, a nesting bird survey by a qualified biologist shall be performed in the Project area before any work activities commence. If any nesting birds are found an appropriate and highly visible buffer shall be established around the nest until the nest is no longer occupied. In addition, a qualified biologist shall do a preconstruction survey for badgers and their dens and for bats. If a badger den is located a buffer shall be established around the den. If any bats are located consultation with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife shall be initiated. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: Before Construction Item 12.c. - Page 42 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 30 of 31 MM IV-5: Where possible, project activities shall occur outside of 1.5 times the dripline for any oak tree. In areas where this is not possible due the high density of oaks, project activities will not expose any oak tree roots and only the minimum amount of vegetation needed for trail construction shall be removed. Only hand tools shall be used for trail construction. Before any Project activities commence, all trail workers shall attend biological orientation training, provided by a qualified biologist, that covers oak tree avoidance, if possible, and oak tree mitigations. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: Before Construction MM V-1: If a potentially significant cultural resource is encountered during subsurface earthwork activities, all construction activities within a 100-foot radius of the find shall cease until a qualified archaeologist determines whether the uncovered resource requires further study. Any previously undiscovered resources found during construction shall be recorded on appropriate California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms and evaluated for significance in terms of California Environmental Quality Act criteria by a qualified archaeologist. Potentially significant cultural resources consist of, but are not limited to, stone, bone, glass, ceramic, wood, or shell artifacts; fossils; or features including hearths, structural remains, or historic dumpsites. If the resource is determined significant under CEQA, the qualified archaeologist shall prepare and implement a research design and archaeological data recovery plan that will capture those categories of data for which the site is significant. The archaeologist shall also perform appropriate technical analysis, prepare a comprehensive report, and file it with the appropriate Information Center and provide for the permanent curation of the recovered materials. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: During Construction MM V-2: If human remains are encountered during earth-disturbing activities, all work in the adjacent area shall stop immediately and the San Luis Obispo County Coroner’s office shall be notified. If the remains are determined to be Native American in origin, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be notified and will identify the Most Likely Descendent, who will be consulted for recommendations for treatment of the discovered remains. Responsible Party: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Monitoring Agency: City of Arroyo Grande – Public Works Department Timing: During Construction Item 12.c. - Page 43 INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION June 2017 JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE TRAIL ADDITION Page 31 of 31 References Documents & Maps 1. City of Arroyo Grande General Plan 2. City of Arroyo Grande Land Use Map 3. City of Arroyo Grande Municipal Code 4. City of Arroyo Grande Zoning Map 5. Arroyo Grande Existing Settings Report & Draft Arroyo Grande Existing Settings Report (2010) 6. Arroyo Grande Urban Water Management Plan (2016) 7. Arroyo Grande Water System Master Plan (2012) 8. Arroyo Grande Wastewater Master Plan (2012) 9. San Luis Obispo Important Farmland Map (California Department of Conservation, 2006) 10. CEQA & Climate Change White Paper (CAPCOA, 2008) 11. SLO County 2001 Clean Air Plan; Air Quality Handbook (SLO APCD, 2012) 12. Arroyo Grande Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (2012) 13. Arroyo Grande Climate Action Plan (2013) 14. Technical Memorandum for the James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve 15. Site Inspection 16. City of Arroyo Grande Community Tree Program Item 12.c. - Page 44 TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM FOR THE JAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE PROPOSED TRAIL ADDITION SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for: City of Arroyo Grande 1375 Ash Street Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 Contact: Geoff English, 805.473.5466 Prepared by: Cindy Cleveland Senior Biologist Arroyo Grande, CA 805.234.3759 March 14, 2017 Item 12.c. - Page 45 2 Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 PROJECT LOCATION ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 METHODS AND MATERIALS ............................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 3 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................................... 3 3.1 VEGETATION COMMUNITIES ............................................................................................................................ 3 Coast Live Oak ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 California Annual and Perennial Grassland .............................................................................................. 4 Arroyo Willow ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 California Sage Brush ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Aquatic/Wetland .................................................................................................................................................. 4 3.2 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANTS ................................................................................................................................. 4 3.3 SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES .............................................................................................................. 5 3.4 SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES AND CRITICAL HABITAT ................................................................. 5 4.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS OR CONSTRAINTS ................................................................................ 5 4.1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Impact 4.1.1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Mitigation Measure 4.1.1 ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 Impact 4.1.2 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Mitigation Measure 4.1.2 ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 Impact 4.1.3 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Mitigation Measure 4.1.3 ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Impact 4.1.4 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Mitigation Measure 4.1.4 ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 CONSISTENCY WITH POLICIES ......................................................................................................................... 6 Migratory Bird Treaty Act ................................................................................................................................ 7 Wetlands, Riparian Areas and Jurisdictional Areas .............................................................................. 7 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ........................................................................................................................... 7 Regional Water Quality Control Board ....................................................................................................... 7 United States Fish and Wildlife Service ....................................................................................................... 8 California Department of Fish and Wildlife .............................................................................................. 8 5.0 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 1. Project Location Map 2 APPENDIX A Maps of Existing and Proposed Trail APPENDIX B Photograph Locations and Photographs of Proposed Trail APPENDIX C Botanic and Wildlife Information APPENDIX D References Item 12.c. - Page 46 James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve Proposed Trail March 2017 City of Arroyo Grande 1 1.0 Introduction The City of Arroyo Grande has proposed a trail addition to an existing trail located at the James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve in the City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California (Figure 1). The proposed trail addition (Project) will add approximately 0.58 miles of trail to the existing trail (Appendix A). This Technical Memorandum provides a Project description, an environmental setting review, and discussion of possible Project impacts or constraints and related mitigation measures. 1.1 Project Location The Project is located in the City of Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County, California in the approximately 60-acre James Way Oak Habitat and Wildlife Preserve (Preserve). To the north of the Preserve is James Way Street, to the east are residential developments and to the south and west are a combination of residential and commercial developments. 1.2 Methods and Materials This Report was prepared by Cindy Cleveland, Senior Biologist. To prepare this report, the author reviewed available background documents and information and conducted site visits on March 3 to 14, 2017 to characterize and photograph existing conditions (Appendix B). Documents that were reviewed to prepare the report included: • Site aerial photographs • California Natural Diversity Database Special-Status Species records for the Arroyo Grande NE and surrounding Quadrangles • California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) records of State and Federally listed species that have been previously documented within a 3- mile radius of the study area • San Luis Obispo County Vegetation mapping • USFWS Critical Habitat Mapper Item 12.c. - Page 47 2 Figure 1. James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve Location Map. James Way Trail San Luis Obispo County, California Location Map Project Location Item 12.c. - Page 48 James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve Proposed Trail March 2017 City of Arroyo Grande 3 2.0 Project Description In order to allow trail access during winter months and to protect wetland and riparian habitats, the new trail will be built upland from the original trail (pers. comm. Curtis Johnson, City of Arroyo Grande, Appendix A and D). The proposed trail will be built by City of Arroyo Grande trail volunteers who have experience with both trail construction and trail maintenance and with the assistance of Central Coast Concerned Mountain Bike club (pers. comm. Eric Nelson, City of Arroyo Grande volunteer). The trail workers will either hike or bike into the Project site and will use only hand tools for all trail construction activities. All work activities will be done with the minimal amount of impact needed for trail construction and all work tools will be removed from the project site after each day of construction. Emphasis will be on maintaining the natural appearance of the trail corridor. The new trail cut will remove vegetation and soil which will then be saved (to disperse on the trail once it is completed to make it look aged) or carried off-site for disposal. Once the trail is cleared, soil will be removed from the inside of the trail to the outside of the trail and packed into place (1/2 bench cut). Trail construction is expected to take 4-8 weeks depending on the number of volunteers and weather conditions. 3.0 Environmental Setting The Project is located in southern San Luis Obispo County approximately 3 miles inland from the Pacific Ocean. The Project site is relatively low gradient on the northern end near James Way and gradually increases in elevation along the southern portion of the Project site. Elevations at the Preserve range from approximately 56 feet above mean sea level (MSL) to 270 MSL (City of Arroyo Grande, 2009). 3.1 Vegetation Communities The Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California (Holland 1986) was cross-referenced with A Manual of California Vegetation Second Edition (Sawyer, Keeler-Wolf and Evens 2009) to provide the vegetation classifications for this report. The Preserve has five main habitat types: Coast Live Oak, California Annual and Perennial Grassland, Arroyo Willow, California Sage Brush, and Aquatic/Wetland. The dominant habitat type at the Preserve is Coast Live Oak. Most of the Project site is within the Coast Live Oak habitat. Coast Live Oak Coast Live Oak habitat covers approximately 48.2 acres of the approximately 60- acres of the Preserve and approximately 100% of the Project site (City of Arroyo Item 12.c. - Page 49 4 Grande, 2009, Appendix B). Coast Live Oak habitat in the Project area contains coast live oak trees (Quercus agrifolia) with an understory of poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), hummingbird sage (Salvia spathacea), and Italian thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus) (City of Arroyo Grande, 2009). California Annual and Perennial Grassland In the Project site the understory contains California Annual and Perennial Grassland habitats with common wild oats (Avena fatua), Italian thistle, soft chess (Bromus hordeaceus), hairy vetch (Vicia vilosa), ripgut brome (B. diandrus), and scarlet pimpernel (Analgalis arvensis). Arroyo Willow This habitat type occurs near the drainage and wetlands on the Property. It contains arroyo willow (Salix lasiolepis), mulefat (Artemisia douglasiana), bird’s foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor), and prickly ox-tongue (Picris echioides) (City of Arroyo Grande, 2009). California Sage Brush This habitat type occurs in the eastern portion of the Property and includes coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), and California blackberry (Rubus ursinus) (City of Arroyo Grande, 2009). Aquatic/Wetland The Property contains intermittent to perennial Meadow Creek, several unnamed ephemeral drainages to Meadow Creek, and two large ponds that flow into Meadow Creek. Meadow Creek flows into Pismo Lake and eventually into Arroyo Grande Creek. 3.2 Special-Status Plants Special-status plants and habitats of concern with the potential to occur within the study area are discussed below. ‘Potential to occur’ is based on the presence or absence of suitable habitat for each species as reported in scientific databases and literature. Based on the biological data queried and a draft 2009 report James Way Habitat Fuel Modification Project. Biological Resources Assessment, 56 special-status plant species have the potential to occur within the study area (CDFW 2017, City of Arroyo Grande 2009). Fourteen of these special-status plant species have the potential to occur on the Property and four have been observed on the Property: Hoover’s bent grass (Agrostis hooveri), Kellogg’s horkelia (Horkelia cuneata ssp. sericea), Michael’s rein orchid (Piperia michaelii), and Wells’ manzanita (Arctostaphylos wellsii) (City of Arroyo Grande, 2009). In addition, Pismo Clarkia (Clarkia speciosa ssp. Immaculate) is documented across the street from the Project site (CNDDB 2017). Further studies are required to determine if these species occur within the Project area. Item 12.c. - Page 50 James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve Proposed Trail March 2017 City of Arroyo Grande 5 3.3 Sensitive Natural Communities The Property may contain several sensitive natural communities including: Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh, Central Coast Riparian Scrub, Coast Live Oak Forest- Woodland and Valley Needlegrass Grassland (City of Arroyo Grande, 2009). 3.4 Special-Status Wildlife Species and Critical Habitat Special-status wildlife species with the potential to occur within the study area are discussed below and listed in Appendix C. ‘Potential to occur’ is based on the presence or absence of suitable habitat for each species as reported in scientific databases and literature. Based on the biological data queried and the draft 2009 report James Way Habitat Fuel Modification Project. Biological Resources Assessment, 24 special-status wildlife species have the potential to occur within the study area (CDFW 2017, Appendix C). Of these species, Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii) has been observed on-site by the author. 4.0 Potential Impacts or Constraints Construction of the trail has the potential to impact special-status plant and wildlife species and nesting birds. Possible Project impacts and related environmental policies are discussed below, along with recommendations for avoidance and mitigation measures to reduce the potential for impact. 4.1 Potential Impacts Impact 4.1.1 Trail construction may impact California Annual and Perennial Grasslands which may contain special-status plant species. Mitigation Measure 4.1.1 Perform a special-status plant survey in the Project areas before any work activities begin. Avoid any special-status plant species that are found during the preconstruction survey. Before any Project activities commence all workers should attend biological orientation training, by a qualified biologist, that covers the avoidance of any special-status plant species. Impact 4.1.2 Trail construction may impact Coast Live Oak habitats. No oak trees will be removed or trimmed for Project activities but there may be indirect impacts to Coast Live Oak habitats from vehicles and/or machinery used during trail construction. Mitigation Measure 4.1.2 All Project activities should occur outside of 1.5 times the dripline for any oak tree and only the minimum amount of vegetation needed for trail construction should be removed. Only hand tools should be used for trail construction. Before any Project activities commence all workers should attend biological orientation training, by a qualified biologist, that covers the avoidance of any Item 12.c. - Page 51 6 oak trees. Impact 4.1.3 Trail construction may impact Wells’ Manzanita. Mitigation Measure 4.1.3 The Project site should be surveyed before construction for Wells’ Manzanita. If any Wells’ Manzanita are found within the Project site they should be avoided. Before any Project activities commence all workers should attend biological orientation training, by a qualified biologist, that covers the avoidance of Wells’ Manzanita. Impact 4.1.4 Trail construction may impact special-status animal species. Most of the special- status animal species on the Property are associated with wetland and/or riparian habitats. Special-status bird species, bat species, and birds protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act may be in the Project area. Direct impacts to nesting birds includes harm to active nests and indirect impacts include possible abandonment of any nest. Silvery legless lizards and coast horned lizards may also occur in the Project area and may be impacted from Project activities. Mitigation Measure 4.1.4 If the Project is to be completed during the nesting bird season, a nesting bird survey by a qualified biologist should be performed in the Project area before any work activities commence. If any nesting birds are found an appropriate and highly visible buffer should be established around the nest until the nest is no longer occupied. In addition, a qualified biologist should do a preconstruction survey for badgers and their dens and for bats. If a badger den is located a buffer should be established around the den. If any bats are located consultation with California Department of Fish and Wildlife should be initiated. Prior to any Project activities, a qualified biologist should survey disturbance areas and relocate to a safe area outside of Project areas, any silvery legless lizards and/or coast horned lizards found. Surveys should include raking of leaf litter and sand where habitats exist. A qualified biologist should be present at all times during ground disturbing Project activities to recover any silvery legless lizards and coast horned lizards that may be found. Before any Project activities commence all workers should attend biological orientation training, by a qualified biologist, that covers the avoidance of any special-status animal species that may occur or that were found in the Project area. 4.2 Consistency with Policies Item 12.c. - Page 52 James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve Proposed Trail March 2017 City of Arroyo Grande 7 For the purposes of this report, potential impacts to biological resources were analyzed based on the following statutes and policy documents: • Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) • Section 404 of the Clean Water Act • Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act • California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) • Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) • California Endangered Species Act (CESA) • California Fish and Game Code (CFGC) Migratory Bird Treaty Act The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) with Canada, Mexico, and Japan makes it unlawful at any time, by any means or in any manner, to pursue, hunt, take, capture, or kill migratory birds. The law applies to the removal of any and all nests that are occupied by migratory birds during the nesting season. California Fish and Wildlife Code Section (CDFW) 3500 also prohibits the destruction of any nest, egg, or nestling. Coast live oak habitats within the Project area provide suitable habitat for nesting birds protected by the CDFW and MBTA. Project mitigation measures, if implemented, will reduce or eliminate impacts to any migratory birds. Wetlands, Riparian Areas and Jurisdictional Areas The Property contains wetlands which could potentially fall under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), CDFW, and/or the California Coastal Commission (CCC). The Project site is not located within any wetland habitats and will not impact any wetland habitats. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has authority to regulate activities that could discharge fill of material or otherwise adversely modify wetlands or other “waters of the United States.” Perennial and intermittent creeks are considered waters of the United States if they are hydrologically connected to other jurisdictional waters. The USACE also implements the federal policy embodied in Executive Order 11990, which is intended to result in no net loss of wetland value or acres. In achieving the goals of the Clean Water Act, the USACE seeks to avoid adverse impacts and offset unavoidable adverse impacts on existing aquatic resources. Any fill or adverse modification of wetlands that are hydrologically connected to jurisdictional waters would require a permit from the USACE prior to the start of work. Project activities do not take place in any “waters of the United States” that are under USACE jurisdiction. Regional Water Quality Control Board The State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the local Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) have jurisdiction over “waters of the State,” pursuant to the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act, which are defined as any surface water or groundwater, including saline waters, within the Item 12.c. - Page 53 8 boundaries of the State. The SWRCB has issued general Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs) regarding discharges to “isolated” waters of the State (Water Quality Order No. 2004-0004-DWQ, Statewide General Waste Discharge Requirements for Dredged or Fill Discharges to Waters Deemed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to be Outside of Federal Jurisdiction). The Central Coast RWQCB enforces actions under this general order for isolated waters not subject to federal jurisdiction, and is also responsible for the issuance of water quality certifications pursuant to Section 401 of the Clean Water Act for waters subject to federal jurisdiction. Project activities do not take place in any “waters of the State” that are under RWQCB jurisdiction. United States Fish and Wildlife Service The USFWS implements the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 United States Code [USC] Section 703-711) and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 USC Section 668). The USFWS and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) share responsibility for implementing the Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) (16 USC § 153 et seq.). The USFWS generally implements the FESA for terrestrial and freshwater species, while the NMFS implements the FESA for marine and anadromous species. Projects that would result in “take” of any federally listed threatened or endangered species are required to obtain permits from the USFWS or NMFS through either Section 7 (interagency consultation with a federal nexus) or Section 10 (Habitat Conservation Plan) of FESA, depending on the involvement by the federal government in permitting and/or funding of the project. The permitting process is used to determine if a project would jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species and what measures would be required to avoid jeopardizing the species. “Take” under federal definition means to harass, harm (which includes habitat modification), pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct. Proposed or candidate species do not have the full protection of FESA; however, the USFWS and NMFS advise project applicants that they could be elevated to listed status at any time. Project mitigation measures, if implemented, will reduce or eliminate “take” for any federally listed species. California Department of Fish and Wildlife The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) derives its authority from the Fish and Game Code of California. The California Endangered Species Act (CESA) (Fish and Game Code Section 2050 et. seq.) prohibits take of state listed threatened, endangered or fully protected species. Take under CESA is restricted to direct mortality of a listed species and does not prohibit indirect harm by way of habitat modification. The CDFW also prohibits take for species designated as Fully Protected under the Code. California Fish and Game Code sections 3503, 3503.5, and 3511 describe unlawful take, possession, or destruction of birds, nests, and eggs. Fully protected birds (Section 3511) may not be taken or possessed except under specific permit. Section 3503.5 of the Code protects all birds-of-prey and their eggs and nests against take, possession, or destruction of nests or eggs. Item 12.c. - Page 54 James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve Proposed Trail March 2017 City of Arroyo Grande 9 Perennial and intermittent streams and associated riparian vegetation, when present, also fall under the jurisdiction of the CDFW. Section 1600 et seq. of the Fish and Game Code (Lake and Streambed Alteration Agreements) gives the CDFW regulatory authority over work within the stream zone (which could extend to the 100-year flood plain) consisting of, but not limited to, the diversion or obstruction of the natural flow or changes in the channel, bed, or bank of any river, stream or lake. Project activities do not take place in any wetland or riparian habitats that are under CDFW jurisdiction. Project mitigation measures, if implemented, will reduce or eliminate impacts to any state listed species, including nesting birds. 5.0 Conclusion Based on the biological data queried for this report, there is the potential for special- status plant species, special-status wildlife species, and nesting birds to occur in the Project area. Mitigation measures such as those recommended above will greatly reduce or eliminate any impacts to sensitive habitats, animals, and nesting birds in the Project area. Item 12.c. - Page 55 Appendix A Map of Existing and Proposed Trail Map Provided by City of Arroyo Grande Item 12.c. - Page 56 GRIEB DRGRIEB DRJAM E S WY JAM E S W Y STEVENSON DRSTEVENSON DRLEISURE DRLEISURE DRMEADOW WYMEADOW WY CALLE CUERVOCALLE CUERVODDOOSS CCEERRRROOSSCCLLEEVVEENNGGEERRDDRR AACCOORRNNDDRR2 5 0 f t 2 5 0 f t 2 0 0 f t 2 0 0 f t 150 f t 150 f t 10 0 f t 10 0 f t 100ft100ft50ft50ftE A S T F OR K M EA D O W C RE E K 120°35'50"W120°35'50"W120°36'0"W120°36'0"W35°8'0"N35°8'0"N35°7'50"NContour Interval: 5 ftJAMES WAY OAK HABITAT & WILDLIFE PRESERVE PROPOSED TRAIL MAPWaterwaysProposed TrailExisting Trail00250250500500125125FeetFeetPPrr oo pp oo ss eeddTTrraaiill--00..5588 mm ii EE xx ii ss tt ii nn ggTTrr aaiillThis map displays a proposed trail route connecting off of existing trails within the James Way Oak Habitat & Wildlife Preserve. The new trail is approximately 0.58 miles with a total ascent of 45ft.This trail was scouted and flagged by Eric Nelson, and mapped via GPS on December 13, 2016 by CamillaGreenbach, GIS Technician, City of Arroyo Grande.Firgure 1December 2016Item 12.c. - Page 57 Appendix B Photograph Locations and Photographs of Proposed Trail Item 12.c. - Page 58 Aerial Map of Photo Point LocationsJames Way TrailSan Luis Obispo CountyCaliforniaSource: Proposed Trail Map!"#$%&'"!"#$%&'"( ) * $ + & , - ( ) * $ + & , -+.$/$0+10&'"+.$/$0+10&'"2$#+3"$&'"2$#+3"$&'"*$)'1,&,-*$)'1,&,-4)22$&43$"/14)22$&43$"/1''11++44$$""""11++4422$$//$$00!!$$""''""))4411""00''"" !" # $ % !" # $ % !# # $ % !# # $ % &"#$% &"#$% & # # $ % &# # $ %&##$%&##$%"#$%"#$%!"#$ %&'()! " * &+,'!!(!"#$%&'&#()!"#$%&'&#()!"#$%*'#()!"#$%*'#()%&$+'#(,%&$+'#(,%&$-'&#(,4567589&#67:9;<=>&?&@7james way oak habitat & wildlife preserve proposed trail map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egendPhoto PointsProposed TrailExisting TrailItem 12.c. - Page 59 Photopoint #1. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. Photopoint #2. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. James Way Trail Item 12.c. - Page 60 Photopoint #3. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. Photopoint #4. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. James Way Trail Item 12.c. - Page 61 Photopoint #5. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. Photopoint #6. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. James Way Trail Item 12.c. - Page 62 Photopoint #7. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. Photopoint #8. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. James Way Trail Item 12.c. - Page 63 Photopoint #9. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. Photopoint #10. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. James Way Trail Item 12.c. - Page 64 Photopoint #11. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. Photopoint #12. Proposed James Way Trail. Photograph taken March 13, 2017. James Way Trail Item 12.c. - Page 65 Appendix C Botanic and Wildlife Information Adapted from Draft James Way Habitat Fuel Modification Project. Biological Resources Assessment Item 12.c. - Page 66 q Black-flowered figwort (Scrophularia atrata). Suitable habitat conditions are present within the project area in the riparian and coastal scrub habitats in the vicinity of on-site drainages. q California spineflower (Mucronea californica). This species may be found where sandy soils underlie coastal scrub, grassland, and woodland habitats within the project area. q Hoover’s bent grass (Agrostis hooveri). This species was observed in the valley needlegrass grassland on-site (Figure 2). It may also be found in the oak woodland on- site. q Indian knob mountainbalm (Eriodictyon altissimum). This species may occur in oak woodland, particularly along the southern boundary of the site. q Kellogg’s horkelia (Horkelia cuneata ssp. sericea). Coast horkelia (Horkelia cuneata ssp. cuneata) was identified on-site. Kellogg’s horkelia may be found in the coastal scrub in the eastern portion of the project area. q La Panza mariposa-lily (Calochortus obispoensis). This species could potentially occur in coastal scrub and grassland areas within the project area, particularly where sandy soils occur. q Leafy tarplant (Deinandra increscens ssp. foliosa). Suitable habitat for leafy tarplant is present in grassland habitats on-site. q Mesa horkelia (Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula). Mesa horkelia could potentially occur in coastal scrub and oak woodland underlain by sandy soils. q Michael’s rein orchid (Piperia michaelii). Observed in non-native grassland in south- central portion of the site. q Rayless ragwort (Senecio aphanactis). Marginal habitat is present where sandy slopes are vegetated with oak woodland or coastal scrub. q San Luis Obispo County lupine (Lupinus ludovicianus). This species may potentially occur where oak woodlands are growing in sandy soils. q San Luis Obispo owl’s clover (Castilleja densiflora ssp. obispoensis). Castilleja densiflora was observed on-site within the valley needlegrass grassland, but could not be identified to subspecies as it was past the bloom period and the specimen was desiccated (Figure 2). This species could occur within the grassland on-site. q Wells’ manzanita (Arctostaphylos wellsii). Wells’ manzanita was observed along the margins of the valley needlegrass grassland and oak woodland habitat types. Another individual was observed adjacent to the concrete channel in Meadow Creek on-site (Figure 2). It may occur elsewhere on-site. q Yellow-flowered eriastrum (Eriastrum luteum). Marginally suitable habitat for yellow- flowered eriastrum is present in oak woodland underlain by sandy soils. Item 12.c. - Page 67 q San Luis Obispo pyrg (Pyrgulopsis taylori). Portions of the on-site drainages within the project area, including both open water areas, contain suitable aquatic habitat for this species. q California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii). On-site drainages, including the two open water areas, offers suitable habitat for this species. Suitable upland habitat is also present elsewhere within the project area. q Coast horned lizard (Phrynosoma coronatum). The coast horned lizard could potentially occur in the coastal scrub, grassland, and oak woodland habitats within the project area, particularly where sandy soils occur. q Coast range newt (Taricha torosa torosa). This species could potentially breed in open water areas associated with on-site drainages, and utilize terrestrial habitat adjacent to these features. q Silvery legless lizard (Anniella pulchra pulchra). This species could potentially occur throughout the oak woodland and coastal scrub on-site. q Southwestern pond turtle (Actinemys marmorata pallida). The southwestern pond turtle may find suitable habitat within Meadow Creek. q Two-striped garter snake (Thamnophis hammondii). This species may be found in on- site drainages and its associated open water areas. q California horned lark (Eremophila alpestris actia). Marginally suitable habitat that may support nesting and/or foraging for this species is present in the small grassland and coastal scrub patches on-site. q Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii). The Cooper’s hawk may be found nesting in the oak woodlands on-site and foraging generally along habitat edges throughout the project site. q Loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus). Suitable nesting habitat is present in the coastal scrub on-site. Could forage over open areas of site including the coastal scrub and grassland areas. q Merlin (Falco columbarius). The merlin nests outside of California, but may be found foraging over each of the habitats on-site during the non-breeding/wintering season. q Prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus). The prairie falcon is not likely to nest on-site, but may forage over grassland areas. q Purple martin (Progne subis). The purple martin may nest in oak woodlands and riparian areas within the project area, and may forage in woodlands, scrub, and grassland habitats as well. q Sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus). The sharp-shinned hawk may nest and forage in riparian and oak woodland areas on-site. q Tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor). Marginally suitable wetland habitat is present along on-site drainages. q Western yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus occidentalis). Suitable habitat is present within the riparian habitats associated with Meadow Creek. q Yellow warbler (Dendroica petechia brewsteri). This species is expected to use the riparian habitat along Meadow Creek for both foraging and nesting. Item 12.c. - Page 68 q American badger (Taxidea taxus). The American badger may be found denning in the grasslands on-site, as well as the more open portions of coastal scrub and oak woodlands. q Hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus). The hoary bat may be found roosting in oak woodlands within the project areas and may forage over open areas and habitat edges throughout the site. q Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis). The Yuma myotis may be found roosting in trees in riparian and oak woodland areas, particularly near open water. It may be found foraging over all habitats on-site. q Pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus). No suitable roosting habitat is present, but the pallid bat may forage in all habitats on-site. q Townsend’s western big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii). No suitable roosting habitat is present on-site, but suitable foraging habitat is present in open areas throughout the site. q Western mastiff bat (Eumops perotis californicus). The western mastiff bat may be found roosting in trees within the oak woodlands on-site and foraging within the woodlands, grasslands, and coastal scrub on-site. q Western red bat (Lasiurus blossevillii). The western red bat may be found roosting in trees within the woodlands on-site, particularly in the margins of the woodlands. It may forage over open areas within grasslands, woodlands, and coastal scrub habitats on-site. Item 12.c. - Page 69 Appendix D References Item 12.c. - Page 70 Baldwin, B.G., D.H. Goldman, D.J. Keil, R. Patterson, T.J. Rosatti, and D. H. Wilken, editors. 2012. The Jespon Manual; Vascular Plants of California, second edition. University of California Press, Berkeley. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) Rarefind. 2017. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife Natural Diversity DataBase https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CNDDB/Maps- and-Data City of Arroyo Grande. 2009. Draft James Way Habitat Fuel Modification Project. Biological Resources Assessment. Prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. Holland. R. F. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. Prepared for California Dept. of Fish and Game. Johnson, Curtis. City of Arroyo Grande. Personal Communication. Phone call. March 6, 2017. Nelson, Eric. City of Arroyo Grande Volunteer. Personal Communication. Email. March 7, 2017. Sawyer, Keeler-Wolf and Evens. 2009. A Manual of California Vegetation. Second Edition. California Native Plant Society. Item 12.c. - Page 71 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Item 12.c. - Page 72